BIOD 151 Skeletal System Exam 4 Questions & Answers
2026 | High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. A herniated disc means ______________ _.
There is a fracture of the vertebral transverse or spinous process.
The disc slips from its position and gets sandwiched between the two
vertebral bodies.
There is protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the fibrous
covering of the disc.
The spinal cord is torn and swells and pushes on the disc.
2. If a patient has limited range of motion in their knee joint due to a ligament
injury, which joint classification would you expect to be most affected?
Pivot joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Saddle joint
Hinge joint
3. If a patient has an injury affecting the subscapular fossa, which movement of
the shoulder might be compromised?
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Internal rotation
4. What is the classification of the joint that connects the bones of the skull?
Hinge
, Suture
Ball and socket
Pivot
5. What is the term used to describe an opening in a bone that allows nerves
and blood vessels to pass through?
Foramen
Process
Condyle
Fossa
6. Describe the significance of the humerus articulating with the scapula in
terms of shoulder movement.
The articulation stabilizes the elbow joint.
The articulation allows for a wide range of motion in the shoulder
joint.
The articulation restricts movement in the shoulder joint.
The articulation connects the humerus to the rib cage.
7. What bone does the head of the humerus articulate with?
Radius
Ulna
Scapula
Clavicle
, 8. If a foramen in the skull is compressed due to a fracture, what potential
effects could this have on the body?
Increased bone density
Improved joint flexibility
Enhanced muscle strength
Nerve damage or impaired blood flow
9. Describe the characteristics of a greenstick fracture and how it differs from a
complete fracture.
A greenstick fracture involves multiple fragments of bone, while a
complete fracture is a clean break.
A greenstick fracture is characterized by a partial break in the bone,
where one side is broken and the other side is bent, unlike a
complete fracture which breaks the bone all the way through.
A greenstick fracture occurs only in children, while complete fractures
can occur at any age.
A greenstick fracture is a type of fracture that heals faster than
complete fractures.
10. Describe the unique characteristics of a saddle joint and how they apply to
the thumb joint.
A saddle joint allows for movement in two planes, enabling the
thumb to oppose the fingers.
A saddle joint restricts movement to one plane, similar to a hinge
joint.
A saddle joint connects two bones with limited movement, similar to a
fibrous joint.
2026 | High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. A herniated disc means ______________ _.
There is a fracture of the vertebral transverse or spinous process.
The disc slips from its position and gets sandwiched between the two
vertebral bodies.
There is protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the fibrous
covering of the disc.
The spinal cord is torn and swells and pushes on the disc.
2. If a patient has limited range of motion in their knee joint due to a ligament
injury, which joint classification would you expect to be most affected?
Pivot joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Saddle joint
Hinge joint
3. If a patient has an injury affecting the subscapular fossa, which movement of
the shoulder might be compromised?
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Internal rotation
4. What is the classification of the joint that connects the bones of the skull?
Hinge
, Suture
Ball and socket
Pivot
5. What is the term used to describe an opening in a bone that allows nerves
and blood vessels to pass through?
Foramen
Process
Condyle
Fossa
6. Describe the significance of the humerus articulating with the scapula in
terms of shoulder movement.
The articulation stabilizes the elbow joint.
The articulation allows for a wide range of motion in the shoulder
joint.
The articulation restricts movement in the shoulder joint.
The articulation connects the humerus to the rib cage.
7. What bone does the head of the humerus articulate with?
Radius
Ulna
Scapula
Clavicle
, 8. If a foramen in the skull is compressed due to a fracture, what potential
effects could this have on the body?
Increased bone density
Improved joint flexibility
Enhanced muscle strength
Nerve damage or impaired blood flow
9. Describe the characteristics of a greenstick fracture and how it differs from a
complete fracture.
A greenstick fracture involves multiple fragments of bone, while a
complete fracture is a clean break.
A greenstick fracture is characterized by a partial break in the bone,
where one side is broken and the other side is bent, unlike a
complete fracture which breaks the bone all the way through.
A greenstick fracture occurs only in children, while complete fractures
can occur at any age.
A greenstick fracture is a type of fracture that heals faster than
complete fractures.
10. Describe the unique characteristics of a saddle joint and how they apply to
the thumb joint.
A saddle joint allows for movement in two planes, enabling the
thumb to oppose the fingers.
A saddle joint restricts movement to one plane, similar to a hinge
joint.
A saddle joint connects two bones with limited movement, similar to a
fibrous joint.
