MMSC 200 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMS UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔hilum - ✔✔depression or hollow in the surface of an organ, such as the kidney and
lungs; it is the area where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the organ
✔✔hilum of the lung - ✔✔midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves
enter and exit the lungs (HI-lum of the lung)
✔✔hypercapnia - ✔✔increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood (hi-per-KAP-ne-a)
✔✔hyperpnea - ✔✔increase in breathing; excessive breathing (hi-PERP-ne-a)
✔✔hypoxia - ✔✔deficiency of oxygen in tissues (hi-POK-se-a)
✔✔inhalation - ✔✔act of breathing in; inspiration; also administration of drugs in
gaseous of vapor from through the nose or mouth
✔✔inspiration - ✔✔act of breathing in; inhalation in-spi-RA-shun)
✔✔laryngeal - ✔✔pertaining to the larynx (voice box) (la-RIN-je-al or lar-in-JE-al)
,✔✔laryngitis - ✔✔inflammation of the larynx, or voice box (la-rin-JI-tis)
✔✔laryngospasm - ✔✔involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the voice box
(la-RING-go-spazm)
✔✔larynx - ✔✔voice box; located above the trachea (windpipe) (LAR-inks)
✔✔lobectomy - ✔✔removal of a lobe or section of a lung (lo-BEK-to-me)
✔✔mediastinoscopy - ✔✔endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum (me-de-a-
sti-NOS-ko-pe)
✔✔mediastinum - ✔✔centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the
thoracic cavity; area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae,
esophagus, and trachea (me-de-a-STI-num)
✔✔nares - ✔✔openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities (NA-rez)
✔✔nasogastric intubation - ✔✔placement that an individual is to fight infection; such an
neutrophils (na-zo-GAS-trik in-too-BA-shun)
✔✔orthopnea - ✔✔abnormal condition in which breathing is only comfortable when a
patient is in an upright position (or-THOP-ne-a)
✔✔oxygen - ✔✔gas inhaled and entering the bloodstream through the lungs (OKS-i-
jen)
✔✔palatine tonsil - ✔✔one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue at
the back of the mouth (oral pharynx); located on the left and right sides of the throat in
the area that is visible through the mouth (PAL-i-tin TON-sil)
✔✔paranasal sinus - ✔✔one of a pair of air cavities in the bones near the nose (pa-ra-
NA-zal SI-nus)
✔✔parietal pleura - ✔✔outer layer of pleura lying closest to the chest walls (pa-RI-e-tal
PLOO-ra)
✔✔pharyngeal - ✔✔pertaining to the pharynx (throat) (fa-RIN-je-al or far-in-JE-al)
✔✔pharynx - ✔✔throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
(FAR-inkz)
✔✔phrenic nerve - ✔✔Carries impulses between the brain and the diaphragm;
innervates the diaphragm (FREN-ik nerv)
,✔✔pleura - ✔✔double-layered membrane surrounding each lung (PLOOR-a)
✔✔pleural cavity - ✔✔space between the layers of the pleura; contains the lungs
(PLOOR-al KA-vi-te)
✔✔pleurodynia - ✔✔pain associated with the pleura; a sharp pain that occurs when the
inflamed membranes rub against each other with each inhalation; pain in the pleura,
pleural pain (ploor-o-DIN-e-a)
✔✔pneumonectomy - ✔✔removal of all or part of a lung (nu-mo-NEK-to-me)
✔✔pneumothorax - ✔✔collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity between the pleura;
collapsed lung (nu-mo-THO-raks)
✔✔pulmonary - ✔✔pertaining to the lungs (PUL-mo-nar-e)
✔✔pulmonary parenchyma - ✔✔essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration;
bronchioles and alveoli (pul-mo-NAR-e pa-REN-ki-ma)
✔✔pyothorax - ✔✔pus collection in the pleural cavity; empyema (pi-o-THO-raks)
✔✔respiration - ✔✔exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide); Inhalation and
exhalation of air; breathing (res-pi-RA-shen)
✔✔rhinoplasty - ✔✔surgical repair of the nose (RI-no-plas-te)
✔✔rhinorrhea - ✔✔discharge of mucus from the nose (ri-no-RE-ah)
✔✔sinusitis - ✔✔inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (si-nu-SI-tis)
✔✔spirometer - ✔✔instrument used to measure breathing (spi-ROM-e-ter)
✔✔tachypnea - ✔✔abnormally rapid breathing (tak-IP-ne-a)
✔✔thoracic - ✔✔pertaining to the chest (thor-RA-sik)
✔✔thoracotomy - ✔✔incision of the chest (thor-ra-KOT-o-me)
✔✔tonsillectomy - ✔✔surgical removal of the tonsils (ton-si-LEK-to-me)
✔✔trachea - ✔✔windpipe; tube leading from the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box)
to the bronchial tubes (TRA-ke-a)
, ✔✔tracheal stenosis - ✔✔narrowing of the trachea (TRA-ke-al ste-NO-sis)
✔✔visceral pleura - ✔✔innermost membrane of the pleura, lying closest to the lung
tissue itself (VIS-er-al PLOOR-a)
✔✔anthracosis - ✔✔abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs; black lung disease
(an-thra-KO-sis)
✔✔asbestosis - ✔✔abnormal condition of abestos fiber particles in the lungs (as-bes-
TO-sis)
✔✔asthma - ✔✔chronic inflammatory disorder, with airway obstruction due to
bronchiolar edema, constriction, and increased mucus production (AZ-ma)
✔✔auscultation - ✔✔listening to sounds in the chest and abdomen using a stethoscope
(aw-skul-TA-shun)
✔✔bacilli - ✔✔Rod shaped bacteria that are the cause of tuberculosis (ba-SIL-i)
✔✔bronchoalveolar lavage - ✔✔irrigation or washing of a bronchus by injecting fluid
through a bronchoscope and then removing it to analyze the contents (BRONG-ko-al-
ve-O-lar la-VAJ)
✔✔bronchoscopy - ✔✔visual examination of the bronchial tubes using an endoscope or
bronchoscope (brong-KOS-ko-pe)
✔✔chronic bronchitis - ✔✔inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time (KRO-
nik brong-KI-tis)
✔✔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - ✔✔lung and bronchial tube conditions that
block and damage airways and persist over a long period of time (KRO-nik ob-STRUK-
tiv PUL-mo-na-re di-ZEZ)
✔✔computed tomography - ✔✔cross-sectional x-ray imaging of organ with or without
contrast material (kombucha-PU-tid to-MOG-ra-fe)
✔✔cor pulmonale - ✔✔right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary
hypertension; serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as
emphysema (kor pul-mo-NA-le)
✔✔croup - ✔✔acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx,
accompanied by barking cough and stridor (kroop)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔hilum - ✔✔depression or hollow in the surface of an organ, such as the kidney and
lungs; it is the area where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the organ
✔✔hilum of the lung - ✔✔midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves
enter and exit the lungs (HI-lum of the lung)
✔✔hypercapnia - ✔✔increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood (hi-per-KAP-ne-a)
✔✔hyperpnea - ✔✔increase in breathing; excessive breathing (hi-PERP-ne-a)
✔✔hypoxia - ✔✔deficiency of oxygen in tissues (hi-POK-se-a)
✔✔inhalation - ✔✔act of breathing in; inspiration; also administration of drugs in
gaseous of vapor from through the nose or mouth
✔✔inspiration - ✔✔act of breathing in; inhalation in-spi-RA-shun)
✔✔laryngeal - ✔✔pertaining to the larynx (voice box) (la-RIN-je-al or lar-in-JE-al)
,✔✔laryngitis - ✔✔inflammation of the larynx, or voice box (la-rin-JI-tis)
✔✔laryngospasm - ✔✔involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the voice box
(la-RING-go-spazm)
✔✔larynx - ✔✔voice box; located above the trachea (windpipe) (LAR-inks)
✔✔lobectomy - ✔✔removal of a lobe or section of a lung (lo-BEK-to-me)
✔✔mediastinoscopy - ✔✔endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum (me-de-a-
sti-NOS-ko-pe)
✔✔mediastinum - ✔✔centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the
thoracic cavity; area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae,
esophagus, and trachea (me-de-a-STI-num)
✔✔nares - ✔✔openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities (NA-rez)
✔✔nasogastric intubation - ✔✔placement that an individual is to fight infection; such an
neutrophils (na-zo-GAS-trik in-too-BA-shun)
✔✔orthopnea - ✔✔abnormal condition in which breathing is only comfortable when a
patient is in an upright position (or-THOP-ne-a)
✔✔oxygen - ✔✔gas inhaled and entering the bloodstream through the lungs (OKS-i-
jen)
✔✔palatine tonsil - ✔✔one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue at
the back of the mouth (oral pharynx); located on the left and right sides of the throat in
the area that is visible through the mouth (PAL-i-tin TON-sil)
✔✔paranasal sinus - ✔✔one of a pair of air cavities in the bones near the nose (pa-ra-
NA-zal SI-nus)
✔✔parietal pleura - ✔✔outer layer of pleura lying closest to the chest walls (pa-RI-e-tal
PLOO-ra)
✔✔pharyngeal - ✔✔pertaining to the pharynx (throat) (fa-RIN-je-al or far-in-JE-al)
✔✔pharynx - ✔✔throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
(FAR-inkz)
✔✔phrenic nerve - ✔✔Carries impulses between the brain and the diaphragm;
innervates the diaphragm (FREN-ik nerv)
,✔✔pleura - ✔✔double-layered membrane surrounding each lung (PLOOR-a)
✔✔pleural cavity - ✔✔space between the layers of the pleura; contains the lungs
(PLOOR-al KA-vi-te)
✔✔pleurodynia - ✔✔pain associated with the pleura; a sharp pain that occurs when the
inflamed membranes rub against each other with each inhalation; pain in the pleura,
pleural pain (ploor-o-DIN-e-a)
✔✔pneumonectomy - ✔✔removal of all or part of a lung (nu-mo-NEK-to-me)
✔✔pneumothorax - ✔✔collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity between the pleura;
collapsed lung (nu-mo-THO-raks)
✔✔pulmonary - ✔✔pertaining to the lungs (PUL-mo-nar-e)
✔✔pulmonary parenchyma - ✔✔essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration;
bronchioles and alveoli (pul-mo-NAR-e pa-REN-ki-ma)
✔✔pyothorax - ✔✔pus collection in the pleural cavity; empyema (pi-o-THO-raks)
✔✔respiration - ✔✔exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide); Inhalation and
exhalation of air; breathing (res-pi-RA-shen)
✔✔rhinoplasty - ✔✔surgical repair of the nose (RI-no-plas-te)
✔✔rhinorrhea - ✔✔discharge of mucus from the nose (ri-no-RE-ah)
✔✔sinusitis - ✔✔inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (si-nu-SI-tis)
✔✔spirometer - ✔✔instrument used to measure breathing (spi-ROM-e-ter)
✔✔tachypnea - ✔✔abnormally rapid breathing (tak-IP-ne-a)
✔✔thoracic - ✔✔pertaining to the chest (thor-RA-sik)
✔✔thoracotomy - ✔✔incision of the chest (thor-ra-KOT-o-me)
✔✔tonsillectomy - ✔✔surgical removal of the tonsils (ton-si-LEK-to-me)
✔✔trachea - ✔✔windpipe; tube leading from the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box)
to the bronchial tubes (TRA-ke-a)
, ✔✔tracheal stenosis - ✔✔narrowing of the trachea (TRA-ke-al ste-NO-sis)
✔✔visceral pleura - ✔✔innermost membrane of the pleura, lying closest to the lung
tissue itself (VIS-er-al PLOOR-a)
✔✔anthracosis - ✔✔abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs; black lung disease
(an-thra-KO-sis)
✔✔asbestosis - ✔✔abnormal condition of abestos fiber particles in the lungs (as-bes-
TO-sis)
✔✔asthma - ✔✔chronic inflammatory disorder, with airway obstruction due to
bronchiolar edema, constriction, and increased mucus production (AZ-ma)
✔✔auscultation - ✔✔listening to sounds in the chest and abdomen using a stethoscope
(aw-skul-TA-shun)
✔✔bacilli - ✔✔Rod shaped bacteria that are the cause of tuberculosis (ba-SIL-i)
✔✔bronchoalveolar lavage - ✔✔irrigation or washing of a bronchus by injecting fluid
through a bronchoscope and then removing it to analyze the contents (BRONG-ko-al-
ve-O-lar la-VAJ)
✔✔bronchoscopy - ✔✔visual examination of the bronchial tubes using an endoscope or
bronchoscope (brong-KOS-ko-pe)
✔✔chronic bronchitis - ✔✔inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time (KRO-
nik brong-KI-tis)
✔✔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - ✔✔lung and bronchial tube conditions that
block and damage airways and persist over a long period of time (KRO-nik ob-STRUK-
tiv PUL-mo-na-re di-ZEZ)
✔✔computed tomography - ✔✔cross-sectional x-ray imaging of organ with or without
contrast material (kombucha-PU-tid to-MOG-ra-fe)
✔✔cor pulmonale - ✔✔right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary
hypertension; serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as
emphysema (kor pul-mo-NA-le)
✔✔croup - ✔✔acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx,
accompanied by barking cough and stridor (kroop)
