CARDIOVASCULAR NCLEX UPDATED ALL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔A patient with chronic congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation is treated with a
digitalis preparation and a loop diuretic. To prevent possible complications of this
combination of drugs, the nurse needs to
A. monitor serum potassium levels.
B. keep an accurate measure of intake and output.
C. teach the patient about dietary restriction of potassium.
D. withhold the digitalis and notify the health care provider if the heart rate is irregular.
A. monitor serum potassium levels. - ✔✔A. monitor serum potassium levels.
✔✔The nurse plans care for the patient with dilated cardiomyopathy based on the
knowledge that
A. family members may be at risk because of the infectious nature of the disease.
B. medical management of the disorder focuses on treatment of the underlying cause.
C. the prognosis of the patient is poor, and emotional support is a high priority of care.
D. the condition may be successfully treated with surgical ventriculomyotomy and
myectomy. - ✔✔C. the prognosis of the patient is poor, and emotional support is a high
priority of care.
, ✔✔The primary causes of death in patients with heart transplants in the first year
include
A. infection and rejection.
B. rejection and arrhythmias.
C. arrhythmias and infection.
D. myocardial infarction and lymphoma. - ✔✔A. infection and rejection.
✔✔A patient with a stable blood pressure and no symptoms has the following
electrocardiogram characteristics: atrial rate—74 and regular; ventricular rate—62 and
irregular; P wave—normal contour; PR interval—lengthens progressively until a P wave
is not conducted; QRS—normal contour. The nurse would expect that treatment would
involve
A. epinephrine 1 mg IV push.
B. isoproterenol IV continuous drip.
C. immediate insertion of a temporary pacemaker.
D. careful observation for symptoms of hypotension. - ✔✔D. careful observation for
symptoms of hypotension.
✔✔The cardiac monitor of a patient in the cardiac care unit following an acute MI
indicates ventricular bigeminy. The nurse anticipates
A. performing defibrillation.
B. treatment with IV lidocaine.
C. insertion of a temporary pacemaker.
D. continuing monitoring without other treatment. - ✔✔B. treatment with IV lidocaine.
✔✔The nurse prepares a patient for electrical cardioversion knowing that cardioversion
differs from defibrillation in that
A. defibrillation requires a greater dose of electrical current.
B. defibrillation is synchronized to countershock during the QRS complex.
C. cardioversion is indicated only for treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias.
D. cardioversion may be done on a nonemergency basis with sedation of the patient. -
✔✔D. cardioversion may be done on a nonemergency basis with sedation of the
patient.
✔✔When providing discharge instructions to a patient with a new permanent
pacemaker, the nurse teaches the patient to
A. take and record a daily pulse rate.
B. request special hand scanning at airport and other security gates.
C. immobilize the arm and shoulder on the side of the pacemaker insertion for 6 weeks.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔A patient with chronic congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation is treated with a
digitalis preparation and a loop diuretic. To prevent possible complications of this
combination of drugs, the nurse needs to
A. monitor serum potassium levels.
B. keep an accurate measure of intake and output.
C. teach the patient about dietary restriction of potassium.
D. withhold the digitalis and notify the health care provider if the heart rate is irregular.
A. monitor serum potassium levels. - ✔✔A. monitor serum potassium levels.
✔✔The nurse plans care for the patient with dilated cardiomyopathy based on the
knowledge that
A. family members may be at risk because of the infectious nature of the disease.
B. medical management of the disorder focuses on treatment of the underlying cause.
C. the prognosis of the patient is poor, and emotional support is a high priority of care.
D. the condition may be successfully treated with surgical ventriculomyotomy and
myectomy. - ✔✔C. the prognosis of the patient is poor, and emotional support is a high
priority of care.
, ✔✔The primary causes of death in patients with heart transplants in the first year
include
A. infection and rejection.
B. rejection and arrhythmias.
C. arrhythmias and infection.
D. myocardial infarction and lymphoma. - ✔✔A. infection and rejection.
✔✔A patient with a stable blood pressure and no symptoms has the following
electrocardiogram characteristics: atrial rate—74 and regular; ventricular rate—62 and
irregular; P wave—normal contour; PR interval—lengthens progressively until a P wave
is not conducted; QRS—normal contour. The nurse would expect that treatment would
involve
A. epinephrine 1 mg IV push.
B. isoproterenol IV continuous drip.
C. immediate insertion of a temporary pacemaker.
D. careful observation for symptoms of hypotension. - ✔✔D. careful observation for
symptoms of hypotension.
✔✔The cardiac monitor of a patient in the cardiac care unit following an acute MI
indicates ventricular bigeminy. The nurse anticipates
A. performing defibrillation.
B. treatment with IV lidocaine.
C. insertion of a temporary pacemaker.
D. continuing monitoring without other treatment. - ✔✔B. treatment with IV lidocaine.
✔✔The nurse prepares a patient for electrical cardioversion knowing that cardioversion
differs from defibrillation in that
A. defibrillation requires a greater dose of electrical current.
B. defibrillation is synchronized to countershock during the QRS complex.
C. cardioversion is indicated only for treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias.
D. cardioversion may be done on a nonemergency basis with sedation of the patient. -
✔✔D. cardioversion may be done on a nonemergency basis with sedation of the
patient.
✔✔When providing discharge instructions to a patient with a new permanent
pacemaker, the nurse teaches the patient to
A. take and record a daily pulse rate.
B. request special hand scanning at airport and other security gates.
C. immobilize the arm and shoulder on the side of the pacemaker insertion for 6 weeks.
