BIO 115 FINAL EXAM 2026 COMPLETE
PRACTICE QUESTIONS, VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS AND
COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL BIOLOGY
STUDY GUIDE
Malaria is passed directly from person to person. - CORRECT ANSWER -
False, malaria is passed by a vector.
Pasteur, using homemade microscopes, was the first to see and describe
microorganisms. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, Van Leeuwenhoek described
the first microorganisms as "animacules".
Redi was known for his work on the Germ Theory of Disease. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, Louis Pasteur came up with the Germ Theory of Disease.
Redi tested spontaneous generation.
pH refers to the concentration of Na atoms in a solution. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, pH measures hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
A pH of 6 is 10x different than a pH of 7. - CORRECT ANSWER -True
pH= -log [H+ ] - CORRECT ANSWER -method used to find pH value
,Covalent bonds are very weak bonds involving hydrogen. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, hydrogen bonds are very weak bonds. Covalent bonds are
the strongest bonds.
Prokaryotes have larger ribosomes than eukaryotes and have a nuclear
membrane. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, prokaryotes have smaller
ribosomes compared to eukaryotes. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or
nuclear membrane.
Exotoxins are part of the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria and
consist of the lipid portion of LPS. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, endotoxins
are part of the membrane of G-. Exotoxins are found in G+ and G- bacteria
and are made of proteins.
The cell walls of viruses are made of peptidoglycan. - CORRECT ANSWER -
False, bacteria are made of peptidoglycan. Virus are made of a protein
capsid.
Peptidoglycan is made of an alternating sequence of NAG and NAM sugars
linked by amino acid chains. - CORRECT ANSWER -True
The three main shapes of bacteria are helical, polyhedral, and complex. -
CORRECT ANSWER -False, the three main shapes of a virus are helical,
polyhedral, and complex. Bacteria are shaped as coccus, bacillus, or spiral.
The Fluid Mosaic Model refers to the structure of the peptidoglycan layer. -
CORRECT ANSWER -False, the Fluid Mosaic Model refers to the cell's
membrane structure.
, The lytic cycle refers to intracellular growth of bacteria. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, the lytic cycle refers to destruction of a cell. The lysogenic
cycle integrates into the host cell DNA and creates a new gene known as the
prophage.
Viroids and prions are bacteria. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, viroids and
prions are viruses. RNA codes for bacterial proteins in transcription.
Defense systems of bacteria include lysozyme, leukocidins, coagulase, and
M proteins. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, lysozyme digests peptidoglycan
and is not a defense mechanism. Leukocidins kill white blood cells.
Coagulase is seen in S. aureus. M proteins form a capsule from being eaten
in Streps.
Preparation of a specimen for viewing under a microscope involves, in
order: fixing, smearing, staining. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, in order is
smearing, fixing, and then staining.
Enzymes are usually large sugars that work by raising the activation energy.
- CORRECT ANSWER -False, enzymes are proteins that decrease activation
energy.
Enzyme activity is not influenced by temperature, concentration, or
inhibitors. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, it is influenced by these factors.
Glycolysis produces most of the ATP, not aerobic respiration or the electron
transport system. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, glycolysis produces only 2
PRACTICE QUESTIONS, VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS AND
COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL BIOLOGY
STUDY GUIDE
Malaria is passed directly from person to person. - CORRECT ANSWER -
False, malaria is passed by a vector.
Pasteur, using homemade microscopes, was the first to see and describe
microorganisms. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, Van Leeuwenhoek described
the first microorganisms as "animacules".
Redi was known for his work on the Germ Theory of Disease. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, Louis Pasteur came up with the Germ Theory of Disease.
Redi tested spontaneous generation.
pH refers to the concentration of Na atoms in a solution. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, pH measures hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
A pH of 6 is 10x different than a pH of 7. - CORRECT ANSWER -True
pH= -log [H+ ] - CORRECT ANSWER -method used to find pH value
,Covalent bonds are very weak bonds involving hydrogen. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, hydrogen bonds are very weak bonds. Covalent bonds are
the strongest bonds.
Prokaryotes have larger ribosomes than eukaryotes and have a nuclear
membrane. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, prokaryotes have smaller
ribosomes compared to eukaryotes. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or
nuclear membrane.
Exotoxins are part of the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria and
consist of the lipid portion of LPS. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, endotoxins
are part of the membrane of G-. Exotoxins are found in G+ and G- bacteria
and are made of proteins.
The cell walls of viruses are made of peptidoglycan. - CORRECT ANSWER -
False, bacteria are made of peptidoglycan. Virus are made of a protein
capsid.
Peptidoglycan is made of an alternating sequence of NAG and NAM sugars
linked by amino acid chains. - CORRECT ANSWER -True
The three main shapes of bacteria are helical, polyhedral, and complex. -
CORRECT ANSWER -False, the three main shapes of a virus are helical,
polyhedral, and complex. Bacteria are shaped as coccus, bacillus, or spiral.
The Fluid Mosaic Model refers to the structure of the peptidoglycan layer. -
CORRECT ANSWER -False, the Fluid Mosaic Model refers to the cell's
membrane structure.
, The lytic cycle refers to intracellular growth of bacteria. - CORRECT
ANSWER -False, the lytic cycle refers to destruction of a cell. The lysogenic
cycle integrates into the host cell DNA and creates a new gene known as the
prophage.
Viroids and prions are bacteria. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, viroids and
prions are viruses. RNA codes for bacterial proteins in transcription.
Defense systems of bacteria include lysozyme, leukocidins, coagulase, and
M proteins. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, lysozyme digests peptidoglycan
and is not a defense mechanism. Leukocidins kill white blood cells.
Coagulase is seen in S. aureus. M proteins form a capsule from being eaten
in Streps.
Preparation of a specimen for viewing under a microscope involves, in
order: fixing, smearing, staining. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, in order is
smearing, fixing, and then staining.
Enzymes are usually large sugars that work by raising the activation energy.
- CORRECT ANSWER -False, enzymes are proteins that decrease activation
energy.
Enzyme activity is not influenced by temperature, concentration, or
inhibitors. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, it is influenced by these factors.
Glycolysis produces most of the ATP, not aerobic respiration or the electron
transport system. - CORRECT ANSWER -False, glycolysis produces only 2
