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Oregon Real Estate | Finance - Formulas Exam Questions and Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026

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Oregon Real Estate | Finance - Formulas Exam Questions and Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026

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Oregon Real Estate | Finance - Formulas
Exam Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026



NOI Net Operating Income = income left after
operating expenses (before debt + taxes)


NOI Formula EGI − Operating Expenses



EGI Effective Gross Income = actual income
collected after vacancy/losses


EGI Formula PGI − Vacancy & Collection Loss



PGI Potential Gross Income = if every
unit/property paid fully


Cap Rate Investor return based on property
income


Cap Rate Formula NOI ÷ Value



Value (Income Approach) NOI ÷ Cap Rate
Formula


NOI Value Formula Value × Cap Rate

, Cap Rate Intuition Lower cap rate = more expensive
property relative to income


GRM Gross Rent Multiplier = value compared
to RENT only


GRM Formula Value ÷ Rent



Value (GRM) Rent × GRM



Rent (GRM) Value ÷ GRM



GIM Gross Income Multiplier = value
compared to ALL gross income


GIM Formula Value ÷ Gross Income



Loan To Value (LTV) What portion belongs to the BANK /
financed amount


LTV Formula Loan ÷ Value



Loan Amount Formula Value × LTV



Equity Value − Loan

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