CRCST STUDY GUIDE HSPA CONTENT
OUTLINE EXAM QUIZZES WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS .
OSHA Bloodborne pathogen standard - correct Answers -Responsibility is on the employer: Written ECP
(exposure control plan) summarizes protection of workers from exposure to bloodborne diseases.
-determination of employee exposure
-implementation of exposure contgrol
-universal (standard) precautions
-engineering and work practice controls to remove hazard
-use of PPE
-housekeeping
-hep B vaccine
-post-exposure eval and follow up
-communications of hazards to employees
-training regarding hazards
-recordkeeping
-use of biohazard labels and sharps containers
pathogen - correct Answers -microorganisms that can cause illness
micron - correct Answers -1/25,000 of an inch or 1/1,000 of a millimeter
aerobic - correct Answers -requiring the presence of air or free oxygen
anaerobic - correct Answers -bacteria that can live in the absence of atmospheric oxygen
,coccus - correct Answers -bacteria shaped like a circle or sphere (spherical)
bacillus - correct Answers -bacteria shaped like rods or bricks (rod)
spirilla - correct Answers -bacteria shaped like spirals (spiral)
dangers of endospores (a different form of bacteria that developed a thick coat around the cell's nucleus
when conditions required for growth are not adequate) - correct Answers -resistant to disinfection and
other conditions such as heat, making them very difficult to kill
gram staining - correct Answers -multi-step process used to identify shapes and characteristics of
bacteria (specimen is affixed to a slide that is first stained purple, with crystal violet. Then stained with
iodine, discolored using alcohol or acetone, and finally stained with safranin.
gram-negative - correct Answers -bacteria that have an outer membrane that won't retain the purple
stain after treatment with iodine; they will stain pink (ex: e.coli and salmonella)
gram-positive - correct Answers -bacteria that have no outer membrane and will retain the purple stain,
even if a decolorizer is used (ex: staph and c-diff)
acid-fast (ziehl-neilson stain) - correct Answers -some acid-fast bacilli are rod-shaped and are very
difficult to stain, but once stained and heat or other agents are used, the bacteria will resist
decolorization with a diute acid-alcohol solution (ex: TB and leprosy)
pH - correct Answers -measure of alkalinity or acidity on a scale of 0-14; pH of 7 is neutral; below 7 is
acid; above 7 is alkaline
psychrophile - correct Answers -bacteria whose optimum temperature for growth is 59°-68°
mesophile - correct Answers -bacteria that grow best at moderate temps 68°-113°
thermophile - correct Answers -bacteria that grow best at temps of 122°-158°
, vegetative state - correct Answers -active growth of microorganisms (as opposed to resting or spore
stages)
angstrom - correct Answers -a unit used to measure length of light waves
virus - correct Answers -the smallest microorganisms and about 1,000 times smaller than bacteria
protozoa - correct Answers -one-celled animal organisms that vary widely in size and shape and contain
no cell walls
fungi - correct Answers -plant-like organisms that include molds, mushrooms, and yeasts
prions - correct Answers -an infectious protein particle that, unlike a virus, contains no nucleic acid, does
not trigger an immune response, and is not destroyed by extreme heat or cold
prion diseases or TSEs (transmissible spongiform encephalopathies) - correct Answers -rare progressive
neurodegenerative disorders that affect humans and animals. Rapidly progressive and always fatal. Ex:
CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) - only about 200 cases per year in U.S
proper instrument cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization - correct Answers -How does CS support
infection prevention?
cross-contamination - correct Answers -migration of contaminants from one person, object, or work
location to another
chain of infection - correct Answers -six steps; causative agent, reservoir of the agent, portal of exit,
mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
safety data sheet - what is it? and where do you find it? - correct Answers -A written statement
providing detailed information about a chemical or toxic substance, including potential hazards and
appropriate handling methods.
OUTLINE EXAM QUIZZES WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS .
OSHA Bloodborne pathogen standard - correct Answers -Responsibility is on the employer: Written ECP
(exposure control plan) summarizes protection of workers from exposure to bloodborne diseases.
-determination of employee exposure
-implementation of exposure contgrol
-universal (standard) precautions
-engineering and work practice controls to remove hazard
-use of PPE
-housekeeping
-hep B vaccine
-post-exposure eval and follow up
-communications of hazards to employees
-training regarding hazards
-recordkeeping
-use of biohazard labels and sharps containers
pathogen - correct Answers -microorganisms that can cause illness
micron - correct Answers -1/25,000 of an inch or 1/1,000 of a millimeter
aerobic - correct Answers -requiring the presence of air or free oxygen
anaerobic - correct Answers -bacteria that can live in the absence of atmospheric oxygen
,coccus - correct Answers -bacteria shaped like a circle or sphere (spherical)
bacillus - correct Answers -bacteria shaped like rods or bricks (rod)
spirilla - correct Answers -bacteria shaped like spirals (spiral)
dangers of endospores (a different form of bacteria that developed a thick coat around the cell's nucleus
when conditions required for growth are not adequate) - correct Answers -resistant to disinfection and
other conditions such as heat, making them very difficult to kill
gram staining - correct Answers -multi-step process used to identify shapes and characteristics of
bacteria (specimen is affixed to a slide that is first stained purple, with crystal violet. Then stained with
iodine, discolored using alcohol or acetone, and finally stained with safranin.
gram-negative - correct Answers -bacteria that have an outer membrane that won't retain the purple
stain after treatment with iodine; they will stain pink (ex: e.coli and salmonella)
gram-positive - correct Answers -bacteria that have no outer membrane and will retain the purple stain,
even if a decolorizer is used (ex: staph and c-diff)
acid-fast (ziehl-neilson stain) - correct Answers -some acid-fast bacilli are rod-shaped and are very
difficult to stain, but once stained and heat or other agents are used, the bacteria will resist
decolorization with a diute acid-alcohol solution (ex: TB and leprosy)
pH - correct Answers -measure of alkalinity or acidity on a scale of 0-14; pH of 7 is neutral; below 7 is
acid; above 7 is alkaline
psychrophile - correct Answers -bacteria whose optimum temperature for growth is 59°-68°
mesophile - correct Answers -bacteria that grow best at moderate temps 68°-113°
thermophile - correct Answers -bacteria that grow best at temps of 122°-158°
, vegetative state - correct Answers -active growth of microorganisms (as opposed to resting or spore
stages)
angstrom - correct Answers -a unit used to measure length of light waves
virus - correct Answers -the smallest microorganisms and about 1,000 times smaller than bacteria
protozoa - correct Answers -one-celled animal organisms that vary widely in size and shape and contain
no cell walls
fungi - correct Answers -plant-like organisms that include molds, mushrooms, and yeasts
prions - correct Answers -an infectious protein particle that, unlike a virus, contains no nucleic acid, does
not trigger an immune response, and is not destroyed by extreme heat or cold
prion diseases or TSEs (transmissible spongiform encephalopathies) - correct Answers -rare progressive
neurodegenerative disorders that affect humans and animals. Rapidly progressive and always fatal. Ex:
CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) - only about 200 cases per year in U.S
proper instrument cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization - correct Answers -How does CS support
infection prevention?
cross-contamination - correct Answers -migration of contaminants from one person, object, or work
location to another
chain of infection - correct Answers -six steps; causative agent, reservoir of the agent, portal of exit,
mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
safety data sheet - what is it? and where do you find it? - correct Answers -A written statement
providing detailed information about a chemical or toxic substance, including potential hazards and
appropriate handling methods.
