SOE 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Age of the Universe - Answers - 13.8 GA
The Doppler effect - Answers - -Waves are compressed when moving towards earth
(red) and they are stretched going away from earth (blue)
Expansion of the Universe - Answers - Most planets are moving away from us and thats
how we know we are expanding
What is a Planetary disk - Answers - disk shape with planets in it
Age of our solar system - Answers - 4.5 Ga
Formation stages of a Planetary disk - Answers - 1. Cloud of dust and gas
2. Cloud rotates and flattens
3. the faster it rotates the more it flattens
4. dust forms a star in the center of planets
stages of planet formation - Answers - 1. dust and gas
2 planetetsimals
3. protoplanets
4.planets
What are the planets in our solar system - Answers - there is 8
-Mercury
-Jupiter
-Venus
-Mars
-Earth
-Saturn
-Uranus
-Neptune
Oort Cloud - Answers - Sphere around the Solar system
Characteristics of a terrestrial Planet - Answers - -metallic core
-rocky mantle
-thin atmosphere
-closest to the sun
Characteristics of Gas Giants - Answers - -rocky core
, -thick atmosphere
-farthest from the sun
what is differentiation - Answers - seperation into different layers based on density
How does density drive convection? - Answers - the more dense rises while low density
goes towards core creating convection cells
Plate tectonics - Answers - as the mantle is moving, the mantle drags the crust with it,
which causes it to sink and create a subduction zone
When did differentiation first occur on earth? - Answers - 4.49Ga (lasted 100Ma)
Earths Layers - Answers - -inner core
-outer core
-lower mantle
-upper mantle
-crust
other layers of the earth - Answers - Lithosphere on outside, then asthenosphere
how seismic waves work - Answers -
how seismic waves travel - Answers - sesimic waves travel away from the core, shadow
zone does not receive waves
the forming of the moon - Answers - the moon formed as a result of an impact of the
earth and Theia (planet), we also got seasons
-4.5Ga ago
what are tides - Answers - moon pulls on earth, sun pulls on earth creating tides
high tides - Answers - always towards the moon
what are plate tectonics - Answers - pieces of the lithosphere that move relative to one
another
continental drift hypothesis vs theory of plate tectonics - Answers - CDH evidence is fit
of confidence, same species of animals, rock types, paleoclimates) + (convection)=
(PTT) (knowing the age of the sea floor allowed us to know this)
mantle convection types - Answers - ~convergent
~subduction- explosive eruptions volcanoes) ~collision- continental against continental,
moving towards one another
~divergent- oceanic crust moving away from each other, in the center there is
decompression melting which is removing that pressure
ANSWERS
Age of the Universe - Answers - 13.8 GA
The Doppler effect - Answers - -Waves are compressed when moving towards earth
(red) and they are stretched going away from earth (blue)
Expansion of the Universe - Answers - Most planets are moving away from us and thats
how we know we are expanding
What is a Planetary disk - Answers - disk shape with planets in it
Age of our solar system - Answers - 4.5 Ga
Formation stages of a Planetary disk - Answers - 1. Cloud of dust and gas
2. Cloud rotates and flattens
3. the faster it rotates the more it flattens
4. dust forms a star in the center of planets
stages of planet formation - Answers - 1. dust and gas
2 planetetsimals
3. protoplanets
4.planets
What are the planets in our solar system - Answers - there is 8
-Mercury
-Jupiter
-Venus
-Mars
-Earth
-Saturn
-Uranus
-Neptune
Oort Cloud - Answers - Sphere around the Solar system
Characteristics of a terrestrial Planet - Answers - -metallic core
-rocky mantle
-thin atmosphere
-closest to the sun
Characteristics of Gas Giants - Answers - -rocky core
, -thick atmosphere
-farthest from the sun
what is differentiation - Answers - seperation into different layers based on density
How does density drive convection? - Answers - the more dense rises while low density
goes towards core creating convection cells
Plate tectonics - Answers - as the mantle is moving, the mantle drags the crust with it,
which causes it to sink and create a subduction zone
When did differentiation first occur on earth? - Answers - 4.49Ga (lasted 100Ma)
Earths Layers - Answers - -inner core
-outer core
-lower mantle
-upper mantle
-crust
other layers of the earth - Answers - Lithosphere on outside, then asthenosphere
how seismic waves work - Answers -
how seismic waves travel - Answers - sesimic waves travel away from the core, shadow
zone does not receive waves
the forming of the moon - Answers - the moon formed as a result of an impact of the
earth and Theia (planet), we also got seasons
-4.5Ga ago
what are tides - Answers - moon pulls on earth, sun pulls on earth creating tides
high tides - Answers - always towards the moon
what are plate tectonics - Answers - pieces of the lithosphere that move relative to one
another
continental drift hypothesis vs theory of plate tectonics - Answers - CDH evidence is fit
of confidence, same species of animals, rock types, paleoclimates) + (convection)=
(PTT) (knowing the age of the sea floor allowed us to know this)
mantle convection types - Answers - ~convergent
~subduction- explosive eruptions volcanoes) ~collision- continental against continental,
moving towards one another
~divergent- oceanic crust moving away from each other, in the center there is
decompression melting which is removing that pressure
