CMN 568 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY
GRADED A+ (2026/2027)
anticipatory guidance - ANSWER-Patient/family counseling which includes information,
advice, and suggestions about expected health-related life occurrences, health
maintenance, and preventive plans.
where should pediatric history information be obtained from? - ANSWER-both patient and
parent; obtain as much as possible from patient to give child a degree of control over a
potentially threatening situation
order of pediatric physical examination - ANSWER-1. inspection first, from afar; examine
skin color and work of breathing before beginning exam; establish trust; allow child to sit
in parents lap; defer otoscopic exam until last
when should eyes and ears be examined? - ANSWER-during every health visit
3 components of vision assessment - ANSWER-- visual inspection of eyes/eyelids
- alignment of eyes
- visual acuity
birth to age 3 ophthalmic exam includes: - ANSWER-- eye history
- vision assessment
- inspection of eyelids and eyes
- pupil examination
- ocular mobility
- red reflex check
age 3 and up ophthalmic exam includes: - ANSWER-- eye history
- vision assessment
,- inspection of eyelids and eyes
- pupil examination
- ocular mobility
- red reflex check
visual acuity test with eye chart; classes should be worn if prescribed and record data as
"corrected"
assessing newborn visual acuity - ANSWER-should be able to briefly track mother's face
or brightly colored object within an hour after birth (fixation reflex not developed for
several weeks); dont talk while assessing vision, baby may look toward sound rather
than visual stimulus
when patient presents with eye condition (infection, injury, etc), what do you check first?
- ANSWER-visual acuity; UNLESS there is chemical injury to eye, then you should irrigate
first and refer to ophthalmologist; when there is decreased acuity, also refer to
ophthalmologist
what is the visual acuity of a newborn? - ANSWER-20/200-20/400; acuity reaches adult
level of 20/20 by age 5
when to refer child to ophthalmologist - ANSWER-- 3-5yr: if acuity is less than 20/40 in
either eye, or if theres a difference in two lines in acuity between eyes
- 6yr and older: if acuity is less than 20/30 or if theres a difference in two lines in acuity
between eyes
when to assess red reflex - ANSWER-birth until the child can read eye chart
when should you start to assess fixation and following? - ANSWER-2 months; refer out if
fixation and following are poor by 3 months
when to test corneal light reflex (hirschsbergs test)? - ANSWER-3 months- 5 years; refer
out for asymmetry in light reflex
when to start cover testing for strabismus - ANSWER-6 months- 5 years
, when to start a fundoscopic exam - ANSWER-3 years
when to start preliterate eye chart testing - ANSWER-3-4 years
minimal visual acuity at age 3-5 - ANSWER-20/40
minimal visual acuity greater than 6 years old - ANSWER-20/30
downs syndrome children have increased risk of what eye disorders? - ANSWER-
refractive error, strabismus, cataracts
hearing screening after age 4 - ANSWER-conventional screening audiometry (raise your
hand if you can hear the noise); each ear tested and referred for discrepancy greater than
20 dB; hearing screening should be part of attention problem workup
what percentage dose acute care visits account for in a primary care office? - ANSWER-
30%
clinician documentation of acute care visit - ANSWER-document events related to
presenting problem (describe them in medical record), including supporting physical
data/ diagnostics; treatment, follow up instructions (when to return to work or school);
immunization status screening; anticipatory guidance
sports physicals are also known as what? - ANSWER-preparticipation physical
examination (PPE)
goal of PPE - ANSWER-identify medical conditions that may make sports unsafe; screen
for underlying illness through history and physical; recognize preexisting injuries or
medical problems that affected previous sports seasons
specifics to document in PPE - ANSWER-- sport being played
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY
GRADED A+ (2026/2027)
anticipatory guidance - ANSWER-Patient/family counseling which includes information,
advice, and suggestions about expected health-related life occurrences, health
maintenance, and preventive plans.
where should pediatric history information be obtained from? - ANSWER-both patient and
parent; obtain as much as possible from patient to give child a degree of control over a
potentially threatening situation
order of pediatric physical examination - ANSWER-1. inspection first, from afar; examine
skin color and work of breathing before beginning exam; establish trust; allow child to sit
in parents lap; defer otoscopic exam until last
when should eyes and ears be examined? - ANSWER-during every health visit
3 components of vision assessment - ANSWER-- visual inspection of eyes/eyelids
- alignment of eyes
- visual acuity
birth to age 3 ophthalmic exam includes: - ANSWER-- eye history
- vision assessment
- inspection of eyelids and eyes
- pupil examination
- ocular mobility
- red reflex check
age 3 and up ophthalmic exam includes: - ANSWER-- eye history
- vision assessment
,- inspection of eyelids and eyes
- pupil examination
- ocular mobility
- red reflex check
visual acuity test with eye chart; classes should be worn if prescribed and record data as
"corrected"
assessing newborn visual acuity - ANSWER-should be able to briefly track mother's face
or brightly colored object within an hour after birth (fixation reflex not developed for
several weeks); dont talk while assessing vision, baby may look toward sound rather
than visual stimulus
when patient presents with eye condition (infection, injury, etc), what do you check first?
- ANSWER-visual acuity; UNLESS there is chemical injury to eye, then you should irrigate
first and refer to ophthalmologist; when there is decreased acuity, also refer to
ophthalmologist
what is the visual acuity of a newborn? - ANSWER-20/200-20/400; acuity reaches adult
level of 20/20 by age 5
when to refer child to ophthalmologist - ANSWER-- 3-5yr: if acuity is less than 20/40 in
either eye, or if theres a difference in two lines in acuity between eyes
- 6yr and older: if acuity is less than 20/30 or if theres a difference in two lines in acuity
between eyes
when to assess red reflex - ANSWER-birth until the child can read eye chart
when should you start to assess fixation and following? - ANSWER-2 months; refer out if
fixation and following are poor by 3 months
when to test corneal light reflex (hirschsbergs test)? - ANSWER-3 months- 5 years; refer
out for asymmetry in light reflex
when to start cover testing for strabismus - ANSWER-6 months- 5 years
, when to start a fundoscopic exam - ANSWER-3 years
when to start preliterate eye chart testing - ANSWER-3-4 years
minimal visual acuity at age 3-5 - ANSWER-20/40
minimal visual acuity greater than 6 years old - ANSWER-20/30
downs syndrome children have increased risk of what eye disorders? - ANSWER-
refractive error, strabismus, cataracts
hearing screening after age 4 - ANSWER-conventional screening audiometry (raise your
hand if you can hear the noise); each ear tested and referred for discrepancy greater than
20 dB; hearing screening should be part of attention problem workup
what percentage dose acute care visits account for in a primary care office? - ANSWER-
30%
clinician documentation of acute care visit - ANSWER-document events related to
presenting problem (describe them in medical record), including supporting physical
data/ diagnostics; treatment, follow up instructions (when to return to work or school);
immunization status screening; anticipatory guidance
sports physicals are also known as what? - ANSWER-preparticipation physical
examination (PPE)
goal of PPE - ANSWER-identify medical conditions that may make sports unsafe; screen
for underlying illness through history and physical; recognize preexisting injuries or
medical problems that affected previous sports seasons
specifics to document in PPE - ANSWER-- sport being played
