ALHS 1011 FINAL REVIEW
define anatomy and physiology - Answers - the study of of the structure and shape of
the body and their parts/functions for each other
levels of organization - Answers - atoms, molecules, tissue, organ, organ system
homeostasis - Answers - body ability to maintain stable internal conditions while outside
is continuously changing
Negative feedback - Answers - most homeostatic control mechanisms. net effect of
response to stimulus is to shut-off or reduce intensity.
example - regulate HR, BP, BR, blood GLC, O, CO and minerals
superior - cranial - cephalad position - Answers - toward head end or upper part of body
anterior (ventral) - Answers - toward or at the front of the body
posterior (dorsal) - Answers - behind or at the backside of the body
medial - Answers - midline of the body or inner part
proximal - Answers - close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb
to the body trunk
superficial (external) - Answers - toward the body surface
inferior (caudal) - Answers - away from head toward lower part of body
lateral - Answers - away from midline toward outside
distal - Answers - farther from the origin of the body part
deep (internal) - Answers - away from the body surface
abdominal - Answers - anterior body
acromial - Answers - point of shoulder
anntebrachial - Answers - forearm
antecubital - Answers - anterior surface of elbow
axillary - Answers - armpit
,brachial - Answers - arm
buccal - Answers - cheek area
carpal - Answers - wrist
cervical - Answers - neck region
coxal - Answers - hip
crural - Answers - leg
deltoid - Answers - curve of shoulder
digital - Answers - finger, toes
femoral - Answers - thigh
fibular - Answers - lateral part of leg
frontal - Answers - forehead
inguinal - Answers - area where thigh meets body trunk
mental - Answers - chin
nasal - Answers - nose area
oral - Answers - mouth
orbital - Answers - eye area
patellar - Answers - anterior knee
pelvic - Answers - area overlying the pelvix
pubic - Answers - genital region
sternal - Answers - breastbone area
tarsal - Answers - ankle region
thoracic - Answers - chest
umbilical - Answers - navel
, calcaneal - Answers - heel of foot
cephalic - Answers - head
femoral - Answers - thigh
gluteal - Answers - buttock
lumbar - Answers - area of back between ribs and hips
occipital - Answers - posterior surface of head or base of skull
olecranal - Answers - posterior surface of elbow
popliteal - Answers - posterior knee area
sacral - Answers - area between hips
scapular - Answers - shoulder blade region
sural - Answers - the posterior surface of leg or calf
vertebral - Answers - area of spinal column
plantar - Answers - sole of foot
integumentary system - Answers - forms the external body covering, protects deeper
tissue from injury, synthesize vitamin D. (receptors, sweat and oil glands)
skeletal system - Answers - protects and supports body organs, provides framework the
muscles use to cause movement; blood cells are formed within bones and stores
minerals
muscular system - Answers - allow manipulation of the environment; locomotion and
facial expression; maintains posture and produces heat
nervous system - Answers - fast acting control system, responds to internal and
external change; activates muscles and glands
endocrine system - Answers - secrete regulatory hormones for growth, reproduction and
metabolism
cardiovascular system - Answers - transports material in body via blood pumped by the
heart such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and wastes
define anatomy and physiology - Answers - the study of of the structure and shape of
the body and their parts/functions for each other
levels of organization - Answers - atoms, molecules, tissue, organ, organ system
homeostasis - Answers - body ability to maintain stable internal conditions while outside
is continuously changing
Negative feedback - Answers - most homeostatic control mechanisms. net effect of
response to stimulus is to shut-off or reduce intensity.
example - regulate HR, BP, BR, blood GLC, O, CO and minerals
superior - cranial - cephalad position - Answers - toward head end or upper part of body
anterior (ventral) - Answers - toward or at the front of the body
posterior (dorsal) - Answers - behind or at the backside of the body
medial - Answers - midline of the body or inner part
proximal - Answers - close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb
to the body trunk
superficial (external) - Answers - toward the body surface
inferior (caudal) - Answers - away from head toward lower part of body
lateral - Answers - away from midline toward outside
distal - Answers - farther from the origin of the body part
deep (internal) - Answers - away from the body surface
abdominal - Answers - anterior body
acromial - Answers - point of shoulder
anntebrachial - Answers - forearm
antecubital - Answers - anterior surface of elbow
axillary - Answers - armpit
,brachial - Answers - arm
buccal - Answers - cheek area
carpal - Answers - wrist
cervical - Answers - neck region
coxal - Answers - hip
crural - Answers - leg
deltoid - Answers - curve of shoulder
digital - Answers - finger, toes
femoral - Answers - thigh
fibular - Answers - lateral part of leg
frontal - Answers - forehead
inguinal - Answers - area where thigh meets body trunk
mental - Answers - chin
nasal - Answers - nose area
oral - Answers - mouth
orbital - Answers - eye area
patellar - Answers - anterior knee
pelvic - Answers - area overlying the pelvix
pubic - Answers - genital region
sternal - Answers - breastbone area
tarsal - Answers - ankle region
thoracic - Answers - chest
umbilical - Answers - navel
, calcaneal - Answers - heel of foot
cephalic - Answers - head
femoral - Answers - thigh
gluteal - Answers - buttock
lumbar - Answers - area of back between ribs and hips
occipital - Answers - posterior surface of head or base of skull
olecranal - Answers - posterior surface of elbow
popliteal - Answers - posterior knee area
sacral - Answers - area between hips
scapular - Answers - shoulder blade region
sural - Answers - the posterior surface of leg or calf
vertebral - Answers - area of spinal column
plantar - Answers - sole of foot
integumentary system - Answers - forms the external body covering, protects deeper
tissue from injury, synthesize vitamin D. (receptors, sweat and oil glands)
skeletal system - Answers - protects and supports body organs, provides framework the
muscles use to cause movement; blood cells are formed within bones and stores
minerals
muscular system - Answers - allow manipulation of the environment; locomotion and
facial expression; maintains posture and produces heat
nervous system - Answers - fast acting control system, responds to internal and
external change; activates muscles and glands
endocrine system - Answers - secrete regulatory hormones for growth, reproduction and
metabolism
cardiovascular system - Answers - transports material in body via blood pumped by the
heart such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and wastes
