PAM’S (PASS THE OT MOD 3) STUDY GUIDE – EXAM QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & REVIEW
MATERIAL 2026/2027
PAM's - correct answer ✔✔are used in preparation (preparatory methods) for or concurrently
with purposeful and occupation-based activities.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔Used for pain management, anti inflammation,
edema control, decrease of muscle guarding, spasm.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔___ should be the modality of choice in the acute
state following trauma. ___ may be uncomfortable at first but pain, edema, inflammation and
muscle spasm will ultimately be reduced.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔___ is often used in conjunction with rest,
compression and elevation. A RICE - Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔___ in combination with static stretch or contract
relax technique has been recommended for reducing muscle spasm or decreasing exercise
induced muscle soreness thus increasing ROM.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔• Hypersensitivity or poor tolerance to cold
• Raynaud's disease and phenomenon, • Circulatory impairment - e.g. hemorrhaging tissue or
untreated hemorrhagic disorders
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Active DVT
• Impaired sensation (neuropathy)
• Open wounds, near chronic wounds
• Cryoglobulinemia • Over regenerating nerves
, • Impaired cognition and/or ability to communicate** Cryoglobulinemia is a disorder
characterized by the presence of an abnormal blood protein that forms a gel when exposed to
low temps. This gel formation can lead to ischemia or gangrene.** Raynaud's phenomenon is a
vasospastic (a sudden constriction of a blood vessel that reduces blood flow) disorder that is
idiopathic (a disease that has no known cause) or associated with other disorders.
- Cycles of pallor(pale color in skin), cyanosis(blueish skin), rubor(redness skin), numbness,
tingling or burning.
Superficial Heat - correct answer ✔✔___ is usually used for subacute and chronic conditions.
Relieves pain, increases soft tissue extensibility, reduces muscle spasm, relaxes skeletal muscles,
decreases joint stiffness, and promotes wound healing.
Superficial Heat - correct answer ✔✔Commonly used ___ modalities include: hot packs, heating
pads, paraffin bath, infrared and fluidotherapy.
Superficial Heat - correct answer ✔✔• Peripheral vascular disease
• Impaired circulation, bleeding disorder, DVT or thrombophlebitis
• Local malignancy and recently radiated areas
• Acute inflammation or trauma, edema, infection
• Open wounds
• Over large scars
• Impaired sensation (neuropathy)
• Large areas, or at sufficient intensity to raise core temperature- pregnancy, severe cardiac
disease/in cardiac failure
• Impaired ability to communicate- cognition or communication impairments sufficient to
prevent patient from giving accurate and timely feedback
• Areas affected by heat-sensitive skin diseases (e.g., eczema)
• Areas of skin breakdown or damage producing uneven heat conduction across the skin
• Reproductive organs (testes)
MATERIAL 2026/2027
PAM's - correct answer ✔✔are used in preparation (preparatory methods) for or concurrently
with purposeful and occupation-based activities.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔Used for pain management, anti inflammation,
edema control, decrease of muscle guarding, spasm.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔___ should be the modality of choice in the acute
state following trauma. ___ may be uncomfortable at first but pain, edema, inflammation and
muscle spasm will ultimately be reduced.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔___ is often used in conjunction with rest,
compression and elevation. A RICE - Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔___ in combination with static stretch or contract
relax technique has been recommended for reducing muscle spasm or decreasing exercise
induced muscle soreness thus increasing ROM.
Cryotherapy /Cold pack - correct answer ✔✔• Hypersensitivity or poor tolerance to cold
• Raynaud's disease and phenomenon, • Circulatory impairment - e.g. hemorrhaging tissue or
untreated hemorrhagic disorders
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Active DVT
• Impaired sensation (neuropathy)
• Open wounds, near chronic wounds
• Cryoglobulinemia • Over regenerating nerves
, • Impaired cognition and/or ability to communicate** Cryoglobulinemia is a disorder
characterized by the presence of an abnormal blood protein that forms a gel when exposed to
low temps. This gel formation can lead to ischemia or gangrene.** Raynaud's phenomenon is a
vasospastic (a sudden constriction of a blood vessel that reduces blood flow) disorder that is
idiopathic (a disease that has no known cause) or associated with other disorders.
- Cycles of pallor(pale color in skin), cyanosis(blueish skin), rubor(redness skin), numbness,
tingling or burning.
Superficial Heat - correct answer ✔✔___ is usually used for subacute and chronic conditions.
Relieves pain, increases soft tissue extensibility, reduces muscle spasm, relaxes skeletal muscles,
decreases joint stiffness, and promotes wound healing.
Superficial Heat - correct answer ✔✔Commonly used ___ modalities include: hot packs, heating
pads, paraffin bath, infrared and fluidotherapy.
Superficial Heat - correct answer ✔✔• Peripheral vascular disease
• Impaired circulation, bleeding disorder, DVT or thrombophlebitis
• Local malignancy and recently radiated areas
• Acute inflammation or trauma, edema, infection
• Open wounds
• Over large scars
• Impaired sensation (neuropathy)
• Large areas, or at sufficient intensity to raise core temperature- pregnancy, severe cardiac
disease/in cardiac failure
• Impaired ability to communicate- cognition or communication impairments sufficient to
prevent patient from giving accurate and timely feedback
• Areas affected by heat-sensitive skin diseases (e.g., eczema)
• Areas of skin breakdown or damage producing uneven heat conduction across the skin
• Reproductive organs (testes)
