IN313 International Business
Transaction Midterm
TRANSPORTATION Questions with
complete solution 2026
TRANSPORTATION CARRIERS - correct answer ✔• steamship lines (maersk, cosco, zim)
• airlines (british air, united, polar air express)
• railroads (canadian pacific, csx)
• truckers - domestic and international (roadway, yellow motor freight)
SERVICE PROVIDERS - correct answer ✔• freight forwarders - act as intermediaries between a shipper
(exporter/importer) and a carrier. the freight forwarder "books" freight for the shipper. they obtain the
best rates for the shipper. in addition, they may also handle other aspects of a transaction such as
arranging packing, inland freight, insurance and export clearance and charge the shipper. for many of
these services, they will contract out to other parties (truckers, insurance companies, etc.) to provide
these services.
• nvocc (nvo) - non vessel operating common carrier - essentially provides the same service that a
freight forwarder provides. they may also consolidate (combine) cargo. both freight forwarders and
especially nvos purchase freight (space) from carriers and resell the space to shippers.
• 3pl - third party logistics providers provide similar services to the freight forwarder/nvo but where
they own providers instead of using independent providers - ups, fedex (have their own planes/trucks).
in addition, they also provide customs brokerage services (see below).
• shipping associations - are associations that have contract rates directly with carriers and make these
rates available to their members, at cost. members pay an annual membership fee or a shipment by
shipment fee to the association.
, • licensed customs house brokers - arrange for customs/regulatory "clearance" of a product in the
country of importation, in other words they obtain the legal right on behalf of the importer (or exporter,
depending upon the incoterms© of the transaction) to bring the merchandise into the country of
importation.
The freight forwarder under EXW and F terms - correct answer ✔Impoter --> Freight Forwarder----
>Carrier(Steamship line, airline)
The freight forwarder under C and D terms - correct answer ✔Seller/exporter-->freight forwarder---
>Carrier(Steamship line, airline)
IMPORTANT TRANSPORTATION DOCUMENTS - correct answer ✔-Bill of lading (b/l) is a central
document in international trade.
-The marine b/l is issued by the carrier (or its agent). It is usually issued in three originals and delivered
to the shipper (exporter).
-The b/l serves three functions:
-It represents the right to delivery of the merchandise
shipped under that b/l;
-It is evidence of a contract of carriage (between the shipper and the carrier);
-It is acknowledgement of receipt of goods (by the carrier).
DOCUMENTS - B/L- Bill of lading - correct answer ✔There are two types of bills of lading:
Transaction Midterm
TRANSPORTATION Questions with
complete solution 2026
TRANSPORTATION CARRIERS - correct answer ✔• steamship lines (maersk, cosco, zim)
• airlines (british air, united, polar air express)
• railroads (canadian pacific, csx)
• truckers - domestic and international (roadway, yellow motor freight)
SERVICE PROVIDERS - correct answer ✔• freight forwarders - act as intermediaries between a shipper
(exporter/importer) and a carrier. the freight forwarder "books" freight for the shipper. they obtain the
best rates for the shipper. in addition, they may also handle other aspects of a transaction such as
arranging packing, inland freight, insurance and export clearance and charge the shipper. for many of
these services, they will contract out to other parties (truckers, insurance companies, etc.) to provide
these services.
• nvocc (nvo) - non vessel operating common carrier - essentially provides the same service that a
freight forwarder provides. they may also consolidate (combine) cargo. both freight forwarders and
especially nvos purchase freight (space) from carriers and resell the space to shippers.
• 3pl - third party logistics providers provide similar services to the freight forwarder/nvo but where
they own providers instead of using independent providers - ups, fedex (have their own planes/trucks).
in addition, they also provide customs brokerage services (see below).
• shipping associations - are associations that have contract rates directly with carriers and make these
rates available to their members, at cost. members pay an annual membership fee or a shipment by
shipment fee to the association.
, • licensed customs house brokers - arrange for customs/regulatory "clearance" of a product in the
country of importation, in other words they obtain the legal right on behalf of the importer (or exporter,
depending upon the incoterms© of the transaction) to bring the merchandise into the country of
importation.
The freight forwarder under EXW and F terms - correct answer ✔Impoter --> Freight Forwarder----
>Carrier(Steamship line, airline)
The freight forwarder under C and D terms - correct answer ✔Seller/exporter-->freight forwarder---
>Carrier(Steamship line, airline)
IMPORTANT TRANSPORTATION DOCUMENTS - correct answer ✔-Bill of lading (b/l) is a central
document in international trade.
-The marine b/l is issued by the carrier (or its agent). It is usually issued in three originals and delivered
to the shipper (exporter).
-The b/l serves three functions:
-It represents the right to delivery of the merchandise
shipped under that b/l;
-It is evidence of a contract of carriage (between the shipper and the carrier);
-It is acknowledgement of receipt of goods (by the carrier).
DOCUMENTS - B/L- Bill of lading - correct answer ✔There are two types of bills of lading:
