HESI A2 A&P V1 & V2 Chamberlain University (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Q&A with Verified Answers and Detailed Rationales | Anatomy & Physiology | A+ Graded

INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD – This comprehensive study guide covers HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Versions 1 and 2 for the 2026/2027 exam cycle . The HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology section consists of 25 A&P questions within a 3-hour total time limit . This resource features 200+ verified exam questions with correct answers and detailed rationales, drawn from the official exam blueprints and Elsevier HESI A2 Review standards . This guide covers all essential A&P content organized by body system: the skeletal system (bone ossification process: hematoma formation → callus formation → ossification → bone remodeling ; bone cells including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes ; cranial and facial bones ; parts of the sternum: manubrium, body, xiphoid process ; ligaments connect bone to bone, tendons connect bone to muscle ; the calcaneus is located in the foot ) ; the muscular system (quadriceps femoris as the most anterior muscle ; peristalsis moves food through the digestive tract ; the nervous system tells muscles how to respond to the environment ; muscle contraction requires calcium and ATP via the sliding filament theory ; the headrest prevents hyperextension of the neck in whiplash injuries ) ; the nervous system (Schwann cells form the myelin sheath in the PNS ; the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and includes the femoral, radial, and ulnar nerves ; the reflex arc pathway follows receptor → sensory → interneuron → motor → effector ; the medulla oblongata attaches the brain to the spinal cord ; the temporal lobe is responsible for auditory functioning ; the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary movements ) ; the endocrine system (the pituitary gland is the master gland ; the adrenal gland secretes cortisol and aldosterone ; the pancreas produces insulin ; parathyroid hormone activates vitamin D ; the hypothalamus regulates body functions including thermoregulation and balance ) ; the cardiovascular system (blood flow through the heart: deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta ; the mitral valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle ; the SA node in the right atrium serves as the heart's pacemaker ; the coronary sinus returns blood from the heart muscle to the right atrium ; arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins carry blood to the heart ; the carotid artery provides a pulse reading in the neck ; capillaries exchange nutrients, oxygen, and waste ; normal values are 72 beats per minute and 120/80 mmHg ) ; the respiratory system (the diaphragm contracts downward during inhalation ; gas exchange occurs in the alveoli ; surfactant reduces surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse ; the upper respiratory system includes the bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli ; the mediastinum is located within the thoracic cavity ) ; the digestive system (the small intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption ; bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder ; the esophagus is part of the digestive system ; the gallbladder is part of the digestive system ) ; the urinary system (the nephron is the functional unit of the kidney ; the distal convoluted tubule works with ADH ; ADH causes water reabsorption in the kidneys ; the kidney is perfused by the renal vein ) ; the reproductive system (spermatozoa develop in seminiferous tubules ; FSH and LH control testicular activity ; fertilization of an ovum occurs in the Fallopian tubes ; the ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone ) ; and the integumentary system (layers of the epidermis from outer to inner: corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale ; ceruminous glands secrete ear wax ; eccrine glands produce thin watery secretion ; skin color is determined by melanin and melanocytes ; sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through evaporation ). Aligned with HESI Admission Assessment Exam Review standards for the 2026/2027 exam cycle . Aligned with HESI A2 Elsevier standards . HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology V1 V2 Chamberlain University Nursing Entrance Exam Bone Ossification Steps Hematoma Callus Quadriceps Femoris Most Anterior Muscle Schwann Cells Myelin Sheath Peripheral Nervous System Somatic Nervous System Femoral Radial Ulnar Nerves Medulla Oblongata Attaches Brain to Spinal Cord Temporal Lobe Auditory Function Adrenal Gland Secretes Cortisol Aldosterone Pituitary Master Gland Hypothalamus Thermoregulation Mitral Valve Separates Left Atrium and Left Ventricle SA Node Right Atrium Heart Pacemaker Coronary Sinus Returns Blood to Right Atrium Diaphragm Contracts Downward Inhalation Alveoli Gas Exchange Surfactant Nephron Functional Unit Kidney ADH Fallopian Tubes Fertilization of Ovum