NCM-109-LECTURE 4 GDM (Gestational Diabetes
Mellitus) Exam With Complete Solutions
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) - ANSWER Is a condition In which a
hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin effectively.
Glucose builds up in the blood instead of being absorbed by the cells
Gestational diabetes - ANSWER Is a condition in which blood sugar levels
become high during pregnancy. It affects up to 10% of women who are pregnant
in the U.S. each year. It affects pregnant women who haven't ever been
diagnosed with diabetes.
Type A1 GODM and Type A2 GODM - ANSWER There are two classes of
gestational diabetes MONA
Type A1 GODM - ANSWER Patients typically have an abnormal glucose
tolerance test but are able to keep blood. glucose levels in the normal range
with dietary changes alone. Class A1 can manage it through diet and exercise.
Type A2 GODM - ANSWER - In 3-6 percent of pregnant women, there is a
tendency to develop gestational diabetes as a result of placental hormones,
variations in insulin level, and an increase in free cortisol
- Gestational diabetes disappears after pregnancy.
- Symptoms of hyperglycemia are mild, but it can affect the baby's health, and
- It raises the risk of getting type 2 diabetes later in life.
- Diet is the cornerstone of intervention, but insulin therapy is instituted when
diet doesn't control conditions
- A Weight loss
- Excessive hunger or thirst with excess fluid intake
- Polyuria
- Recurrent monilial infections
- Maternal hypertension
- Weakness, fatigue, drowsiness - ANSWER Gestational Diabetes Symptoms
During pregnancy, the placenta makes hormones that cause glucose to build up
in the blood. Usually, the pancreas can send out enough insulin to handle it. But
if the body can't make enough insulin or stops using insulin as it should, blood
sugar levels rise - ANSWER What causes Gestational Diabetes?
, - Overweight before pregnancy
- Are African-American, Asian, Hispanic, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander, or
Native American
- Have blood sugar levels that are higher than they should be but not high
enough to be diabetes (this is called prediabetes)
- Have a family member with diabetes
- Have had gestational diabetes before
- Have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or another health condition linked to
problems with insulin
- Have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, or other medical
complications
- Have given birth to a large baby (weighing more than 9 pounds)
- Have had a miscarriage
- Have given birth to a baby who was stillborn or had certain birth defects
- Are older than 25 - ANSWER Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors (Enumerate)
80 to 100 - ANSWER Normal blood glucose range
- Check your blood sugar levels four or more times a day
- Check urine for ketones, chemicals that mean that your diabetes isn't under
control
- Eat a healthy diet
- Make exercise a habit
- Monitoring of weight and baby's development.
- Insulin or another medicine to keep blood sugar under control - ANSWER
Gestational Diabetes Treatment
- Before a meal: 95 mg/dl. or less
- An hour after a meal: 140 mg/dL or less
- Two hours after a meal: 120 mg/dL. or less - ANSWER The American Diabetes
Association recommends these targets for pregnant women who test their blood
sugar:
- Eat a healthy, low sugar diet. Talk to your doctor to be sure you're getting the
nutrition you need. Follow a meal plan made for someone with diabetes:
- Trade sugary snacks like cookies, candy, and ice cream for natural sugars like
fruits, carrots, and raisins. Add vegetables and whole grains, and watch your
portion
- Have three small meals along with two or three snacks about the same times
every day.
- Get 40% of your daily calories from carbs and 20% from protein. Fifty percent
of the carbs should be complex, high fiber carbs, with fat being between 251 and
30%
- Aim for 20-35 grams of fiber a day. Foods such as whole grain breads, cereals,
and pasta; brown or wild rice, oatmeal; and vegetables and fruits.
Mellitus) Exam With Complete Solutions
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) - ANSWER Is a condition In which a
hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin effectively.
Glucose builds up in the blood instead of being absorbed by the cells
Gestational diabetes - ANSWER Is a condition in which blood sugar levels
become high during pregnancy. It affects up to 10% of women who are pregnant
in the U.S. each year. It affects pregnant women who haven't ever been
diagnosed with diabetes.
Type A1 GODM and Type A2 GODM - ANSWER There are two classes of
gestational diabetes MONA
Type A1 GODM - ANSWER Patients typically have an abnormal glucose
tolerance test but are able to keep blood. glucose levels in the normal range
with dietary changes alone. Class A1 can manage it through diet and exercise.
Type A2 GODM - ANSWER - In 3-6 percent of pregnant women, there is a
tendency to develop gestational diabetes as a result of placental hormones,
variations in insulin level, and an increase in free cortisol
- Gestational diabetes disappears after pregnancy.
- Symptoms of hyperglycemia are mild, but it can affect the baby's health, and
- It raises the risk of getting type 2 diabetes later in life.
- Diet is the cornerstone of intervention, but insulin therapy is instituted when
diet doesn't control conditions
- A Weight loss
- Excessive hunger or thirst with excess fluid intake
- Polyuria
- Recurrent monilial infections
- Maternal hypertension
- Weakness, fatigue, drowsiness - ANSWER Gestational Diabetes Symptoms
During pregnancy, the placenta makes hormones that cause glucose to build up
in the blood. Usually, the pancreas can send out enough insulin to handle it. But
if the body can't make enough insulin or stops using insulin as it should, blood
sugar levels rise - ANSWER What causes Gestational Diabetes?
, - Overweight before pregnancy
- Are African-American, Asian, Hispanic, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander, or
Native American
- Have blood sugar levels that are higher than they should be but not high
enough to be diabetes (this is called prediabetes)
- Have a family member with diabetes
- Have had gestational diabetes before
- Have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or another health condition linked to
problems with insulin
- Have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, or other medical
complications
- Have given birth to a large baby (weighing more than 9 pounds)
- Have had a miscarriage
- Have given birth to a baby who was stillborn or had certain birth defects
- Are older than 25 - ANSWER Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors (Enumerate)
80 to 100 - ANSWER Normal blood glucose range
- Check your blood sugar levels four or more times a day
- Check urine for ketones, chemicals that mean that your diabetes isn't under
control
- Eat a healthy diet
- Make exercise a habit
- Monitoring of weight and baby's development.
- Insulin or another medicine to keep blood sugar under control - ANSWER
Gestational Diabetes Treatment
- Before a meal: 95 mg/dl. or less
- An hour after a meal: 140 mg/dL or less
- Two hours after a meal: 120 mg/dL. or less - ANSWER The American Diabetes
Association recommends these targets for pregnant women who test their blood
sugar:
- Eat a healthy, low sugar diet. Talk to your doctor to be sure you're getting the
nutrition you need. Follow a meal plan made for someone with diabetes:
- Trade sugary snacks like cookies, candy, and ice cream for natural sugars like
fruits, carrots, and raisins. Add vegetables and whole grains, and watch your
portion
- Have three small meals along with two or three snacks about the same times
every day.
- Get 40% of your daily calories from carbs and 20% from protein. Fifty percent
of the carbs should be complex, high fiber carbs, with fat being between 251 and
30%
- Aim for 20-35 grams of fiber a day. Foods such as whole grain breads, cereals,
and pasta; brown or wild rice, oatmeal; and vegetables and fruits.
