NSCA CSCS REVIEW CHAPTER 1-11
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
musculoskeletal system - Correct Answers -Bones, joints, muscles, tendons
muscles - Correct Answers -do not directly exert force on ground or other objects
pull against bones that rotate about joints and transmit force to environment (pull not
push)
sliding filament theory - Correct Answers -resting phase (little Ca present)
excitation-contraction coupling phase (myosin crossbridge attach to actin filament, SR
release Ca which binds with troponin, causing tropomyosin to shift)
contraction phase (power stroke of ATP, another ATO must replace ADP)
recharge phase (muscle shortening)
relaxation phase
muscle spindles - Correct Answers -provide info about length of muscle and rate of
change in length
stretched when muscle is lengthened
indicate degree to which muscle must be activated in order to overcome resistance
golgi tendon organs - Correct Answers -located in tendons
activated when tendon attached to active muscle is stretched to avoid injury
motor unit - Correct Answers -A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates
typically several hundred fibers in single motor unit
valves in the heart - Correct Answers -tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary, aortic
av valves - Correct Answers -prevent flow of blood from ventricles into atria (backflow)
during ventricular contraction (systole)
tricuspid and mitral
semilunar valves - Correct Answers -prevent flow of blood from aorta and pulmonary
arteries into ventricles during ventricular relaxation (diastole)
pulmonary and aortic
conduction system - Correct Answers -SA node
AV node
, AV bundle
right and left bundle branches
purkinje fibers
SA node - Correct Answers -pacemaker, rhythmic electrical impulses are normally
initiated
60-80 times per minute
AV node - Correct Answers -impulse is delayed slightly before passing into ventricles
40-60 times per minute
AV bundle - Correct Answers -conducts the impulse from the AV node to the bundle
branches/ventricles
The P wave of an ECG represents - Correct Answers -atrial depolarization
T wave represents - Correct Answers -ventricular repolarization
pleural pressure - Correct Answers -pressure in the narrow space between the lung
pleura and the chest wall pleura
alveolar pressure - Correct Answers -pressure inside the lungs
origin - Correct Answers -proximal/more stationary structure which muscle is attached
insertion - Correct Answers -distal/less stationary structure which muscle is attached
first class lever - Correct Answers -fulcrum is between the effort and the resistance
tricep extensions and tricep dips
second class lever - Correct Answers -muscle force and resistive force act on the same
side of fulcrum
muscle force acting through moment arm longer than resistive acts on
rare lever in body
standing on toes
third class lever - Correct Answers -muscle force and resistive force act on the same
side of the fulcrum, muscle force acts through a shorter arm than the resistance force
most common lever in body
bicep curls, front and lateral raises
variations in tendon insertion - Correct Answers -Tendon insertion farther from the joint
center results in the ability to lift heavier weights.
muscle force acts through longer moment arm
accleration - Correct Answers -The rate at which velocity changes
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
musculoskeletal system - Correct Answers -Bones, joints, muscles, tendons
muscles - Correct Answers -do not directly exert force on ground or other objects
pull against bones that rotate about joints and transmit force to environment (pull not
push)
sliding filament theory - Correct Answers -resting phase (little Ca present)
excitation-contraction coupling phase (myosin crossbridge attach to actin filament, SR
release Ca which binds with troponin, causing tropomyosin to shift)
contraction phase (power stroke of ATP, another ATO must replace ADP)
recharge phase (muscle shortening)
relaxation phase
muscle spindles - Correct Answers -provide info about length of muscle and rate of
change in length
stretched when muscle is lengthened
indicate degree to which muscle must be activated in order to overcome resistance
golgi tendon organs - Correct Answers -located in tendons
activated when tendon attached to active muscle is stretched to avoid injury
motor unit - Correct Answers -A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates
typically several hundred fibers in single motor unit
valves in the heart - Correct Answers -tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary, aortic
av valves - Correct Answers -prevent flow of blood from ventricles into atria (backflow)
during ventricular contraction (systole)
tricuspid and mitral
semilunar valves - Correct Answers -prevent flow of blood from aorta and pulmonary
arteries into ventricles during ventricular relaxation (diastole)
pulmonary and aortic
conduction system - Correct Answers -SA node
AV node
, AV bundle
right and left bundle branches
purkinje fibers
SA node - Correct Answers -pacemaker, rhythmic electrical impulses are normally
initiated
60-80 times per minute
AV node - Correct Answers -impulse is delayed slightly before passing into ventricles
40-60 times per minute
AV bundle - Correct Answers -conducts the impulse from the AV node to the bundle
branches/ventricles
The P wave of an ECG represents - Correct Answers -atrial depolarization
T wave represents - Correct Answers -ventricular repolarization
pleural pressure - Correct Answers -pressure in the narrow space between the lung
pleura and the chest wall pleura
alveolar pressure - Correct Answers -pressure inside the lungs
origin - Correct Answers -proximal/more stationary structure which muscle is attached
insertion - Correct Answers -distal/less stationary structure which muscle is attached
first class lever - Correct Answers -fulcrum is between the effort and the resistance
tricep extensions and tricep dips
second class lever - Correct Answers -muscle force and resistive force act on the same
side of fulcrum
muscle force acting through moment arm longer than resistive acts on
rare lever in body
standing on toes
third class lever - Correct Answers -muscle force and resistive force act on the same
side of the fulcrum, muscle force acts through a shorter arm than the resistance force
most common lever in body
bicep curls, front and lateral raises
variations in tendon insertion - Correct Answers -Tendon insertion farther from the joint
center results in the ability to lift heavier weights.
muscle force acts through longer moment arm
accleration - Correct Answers -The rate at which velocity changes
