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1. What type of terrain are most vineyards in Argentina planted on? -
Correct Answer: Flat or gently sloping sites
2. What is a key effect of altitude on temperature in many wine regions? -
Correct Answer: A wide diurnal temperature range, over 20°C (36°F) in
many places.
3. How do cooler night-time temperatures benefit grape growing? -
Correct Answer: They extend the growing season and allow grapes to retain
acidity and aromas.
4. What climatic condition results from the combination of low latitude and
high altitude? - Correct Answer: Intense sunlight and a relatively high
proportion of ultraviolet radiation.
5. What compounds are found in higher levels in grapes due to high altitude? -
Correct Answer: Higher levels of tannins and anthocyanins.
,6. What type of climate do the majority of Argentina's wine regions have? -
Correct Answer: A continental climate.
7. What is the zonda? - Correct Answer: A hot, dry powerful wind that
occurs mainly in late spring and early summer.
8. How does the zonda wind affect grapevines? - Correct Answer: It lowers
humidity, induces water stress, and can affect flowering and fruit set.
9. What can be done to mitigate the effects of strong winds like the zonda on
vineyards? - Correct Answer: Trees, particularly poplars, may be grown
to act as windbreaks.
10.What is a constant threat to vineyards in Mendoza that can significantly
reduce yields? - Correct Answer: Hail
11.Why is netting only used for the most prized vineyard sites? - Correct
Answer: Covering a large vineyard area is very expensive.
12.What are the consequences of increased rainfall and hailstorms due to El
Niño for vineyards? - Correct Answer: Damage to crops, increased risk
of disease, and reduced harvests.
13.What type of soils dominate most of Argentina's vineyards? - Correct
Answer: Alluvial soils, deposited by rivers flowing down from the Andes.
,14.What soil characteristics are found at higher altitudes near the Andes? -
Correct Answer: Larger stones with calcareous deposits tend to dominate.
15.What types of soils are found in the middle areas of Argentina's vineyards? -
Correct Answer: Gravel, sands, and silts.
16.What type of soil is found in the lower areas of Argentina's vineyards? -
Correct Answer: Deeper loamy-clay soils, which are richer in nutrients.
17.What climatic condition affects the organic matter in Argentinian soils? -
Correct Answer: The dry, continental climate results in little organic matter
from decomposed flora and fauna.
18.Which areas in Argentina have been identified for deposits of calcareous
soils? - Correct Answer: Gualtallary and Paraje Altamira in the Uco
Valley, and the Pedernal Valley in San Juan.
19.What is the most widely used irrigation system in Argentina's vineyards? -
Correct Answer: Flood irrigation, used in around 70 percent of
vineyards.
20.Why do some vineyard owners prefer flood irrigation? - Correct Answer:
It allows water to drain deep into the soil and is relatively cheap to operate.
, 21.What is the main benefit of drip irrigation compared to flood irrigation? -
Correct Answer: Increased efficiency of water usage and enhanced
control of water application.
22.When is drip irrigation often used in new vineyards? - Correct Answer:
When planting on sloped land, as it is cheaper and easier than leveling for
flood irrigation.
23.What are the typical water application timings for both flood and drip
irrigation? - Correct Answer: Larger amounts in winter to replicate
rainfall, and lower amounts during the growing season.
24.What traditional training system is used for vines in Argentina? - Correct
Answer: A high pergola system (parral) to raise grapes away from ground
heat and provide shade.
25.Why is grafting becoming more common in Argentina? - Correct
Answer: Due to the risk from nematodes and the need for increased
drought tolerance.
26.What is a significant challenge for water availability in some Argentine
regions? - Correct Answer: Water shortages can occur in Mendoza, La
Rioja, and San Juan.
27.What is the purpose of applying low amounts of water during the growing
season? - Correct Answer: To ensure roots grow deep for water and
focus vine growth on fruit development rather than shoots.