2026 CLTM UPDATED EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔The tracts connecting the right and left hemispheres are called the: - ✔✔corpus
callosum
✔✔The central sulcus divides what areas in the cortex? - ✔✔Frontal and parietal lobes
✔✔Brocas area lies in the: - ✔✔Posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus
✔✔Which contacts would most likely show an abnormality if the patient was
experiencing receptive aphasia - ✔✔38-46
✔✔What type of seizure often consists of early and prominent motor activity? -
✔✔Frontal lobe
✔✔The physiologic substrate of clinical seizure activity is: - ✔✔Abnormal neuronal
discharge
✔✔What electrodes can be used to map the central sulcus? - ✔✔Grid or strip
electrodes
,✔✔Depth electrodes are best for recording from the: - ✔✔Hippocampal area
✔✔Which sub zone of the epileptogenic zone is considered the gold standard for
localization? - ✔✔Ictal onset
✔✔Dammage to Broca's area may result in: - ✔✔Expressive aphasia
✔✔Cross communication between blood vessels is called: - ✔✔Anastomosis
✔✔Damage to Wernicke's area may result in: - ✔✔Receptive aphasia
✔✔Cervical myelopathy may inhibit - ✔✔Sensorimotor localization
✔✔Cortical potentials for the median nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEPs)
are recorded from: - ✔✔Contralateral parietal lobe
✔✔Wernicke's area lies in: - ✔✔Posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus
✔✔Foramen ovale electrodes provide intracranial EEG near the: - ✔✔Medial temporal
lobe
✔✔The most common area depth electrodes are inserted in surgical patients: -
✔✔Medial temporal lobe
✔✔What is a type of phase 1 pre surgical evaluation for refractory focal epilepsy when
paired with a video-EEG (VEEG)? - ✔✔Ictal SPECT
✔✔Sphenoidal electrodes are used to record from what region of the brain? -
✔✔Anterior temporal
✔✔Functional brain mapping is used to define and confine the excision to - ✔✔non-
eloquent cortex
✔✔Stereotatic frames are used to: - ✔✔place depth electrodes
✔✔Long term monitoring in the ICU is most helpful for: - ✔✔nonconvulsive status
epilepticus
✔✔Intraoperative cortical mapping is performed for identification of: - ✔✔Eloquent
cortex
✔✔Basal extra cranial electrodes for recording mesial temporal or frontal discharges
are placed in the region of the: - ✔✔Foramen ovale
, ✔✔Cortical stimulation near the inferior frontal gyrus will most likely result in: -
✔✔Expressive aphasia
✔✔The purpose of bilateral medial temporal depth electrodes is to: - ✔✔Lateralize
hippocampal seizures focus
✔✔Where are sphenoidal locations used to record epileptiform activity - ✔✔the medial
or anterior aspects of the temporal lobe
✔✔When identifying the central sulcus, what is the time frame that the phase reversal
must occur from the original stimulation in order to prove an actual phase reversal? -
✔✔Within 2msec
✔✔Which electrodes can best record a focal discharge in Sturge-Weber syndrome? -
✔✔Subocciptial
✔✔24-48 hour continuous EEG monitoring in the ICU is recommended for diagnosing: -
✔✔Non- convulsive Status
✔✔What is the correct order for surgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery - ✔✔Seizure,
epilepsy diagnosis, medication trials, imaging for pathology, craniotomy, placement of
subdural electrodes, EMU surgical resection
✔✔Responsive neurostimulation, an adjunctive therapy designed for the treatment of
epilepsy, has which function? - ✔✔Record, detect and stimulate
✔✔Phase II of epilepsy surgery is: - ✔✔Subdural electrodes are placed for intracranial
monitoring
✔✔The recommended duration for cEEG in a non-comatose patient suspected of
having non-convulsive seizures is: - ✔✔24 hours
✔✔Functional mapping of eloquent cortex includes: - ✔✔Motor, sensory and language
✔✔In patient with intracranial grids, excessive widespread polymorphic slowing with
attenuated waveforms raises the question of: - ✔✔Cerebral edema under the grid
✔✔An appropriate anesthetic regimen for language mapping: - ✔✔Awake with local
✔✔Relative to P7, the P9 electrode placement is placed: - ✔✔10% lateral to P7
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔The tracts connecting the right and left hemispheres are called the: - ✔✔corpus
callosum
✔✔The central sulcus divides what areas in the cortex? - ✔✔Frontal and parietal lobes
✔✔Brocas area lies in the: - ✔✔Posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus
✔✔Which contacts would most likely show an abnormality if the patient was
experiencing receptive aphasia - ✔✔38-46
✔✔What type of seizure often consists of early and prominent motor activity? -
✔✔Frontal lobe
✔✔The physiologic substrate of clinical seizure activity is: - ✔✔Abnormal neuronal
discharge
✔✔What electrodes can be used to map the central sulcus? - ✔✔Grid or strip
electrodes
,✔✔Depth electrodes are best for recording from the: - ✔✔Hippocampal area
✔✔Which sub zone of the epileptogenic zone is considered the gold standard for
localization? - ✔✔Ictal onset
✔✔Dammage to Broca's area may result in: - ✔✔Expressive aphasia
✔✔Cross communication between blood vessels is called: - ✔✔Anastomosis
✔✔Damage to Wernicke's area may result in: - ✔✔Receptive aphasia
✔✔Cervical myelopathy may inhibit - ✔✔Sensorimotor localization
✔✔Cortical potentials for the median nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEPs)
are recorded from: - ✔✔Contralateral parietal lobe
✔✔Wernicke's area lies in: - ✔✔Posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus
✔✔Foramen ovale electrodes provide intracranial EEG near the: - ✔✔Medial temporal
lobe
✔✔The most common area depth electrodes are inserted in surgical patients: -
✔✔Medial temporal lobe
✔✔What is a type of phase 1 pre surgical evaluation for refractory focal epilepsy when
paired with a video-EEG (VEEG)? - ✔✔Ictal SPECT
✔✔Sphenoidal electrodes are used to record from what region of the brain? -
✔✔Anterior temporal
✔✔Functional brain mapping is used to define and confine the excision to - ✔✔non-
eloquent cortex
✔✔Stereotatic frames are used to: - ✔✔place depth electrodes
✔✔Long term monitoring in the ICU is most helpful for: - ✔✔nonconvulsive status
epilepticus
✔✔Intraoperative cortical mapping is performed for identification of: - ✔✔Eloquent
cortex
✔✔Basal extra cranial electrodes for recording mesial temporal or frontal discharges
are placed in the region of the: - ✔✔Foramen ovale
, ✔✔Cortical stimulation near the inferior frontal gyrus will most likely result in: -
✔✔Expressive aphasia
✔✔The purpose of bilateral medial temporal depth electrodes is to: - ✔✔Lateralize
hippocampal seizures focus
✔✔Where are sphenoidal locations used to record epileptiform activity - ✔✔the medial
or anterior aspects of the temporal lobe
✔✔When identifying the central sulcus, what is the time frame that the phase reversal
must occur from the original stimulation in order to prove an actual phase reversal? -
✔✔Within 2msec
✔✔Which electrodes can best record a focal discharge in Sturge-Weber syndrome? -
✔✔Subocciptial
✔✔24-48 hour continuous EEG monitoring in the ICU is recommended for diagnosing: -
✔✔Non- convulsive Status
✔✔What is the correct order for surgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery - ✔✔Seizure,
epilepsy diagnosis, medication trials, imaging for pathology, craniotomy, placement of
subdural electrodes, EMU surgical resection
✔✔Responsive neurostimulation, an adjunctive therapy designed for the treatment of
epilepsy, has which function? - ✔✔Record, detect and stimulate
✔✔Phase II of epilepsy surgery is: - ✔✔Subdural electrodes are placed for intracranial
monitoring
✔✔The recommended duration for cEEG in a non-comatose patient suspected of
having non-convulsive seizures is: - ✔✔24 hours
✔✔Functional mapping of eloquent cortex includes: - ✔✔Motor, sensory and language
✔✔In patient with intracranial grids, excessive widespread polymorphic slowing with
attenuated waveforms raises the question of: - ✔✔Cerebral edema under the grid
✔✔An appropriate anesthetic regimen for language mapping: - ✔✔Awake with local
✔✔Relative to P7, the P9 electrode placement is placed: - ✔✔10% lateral to P7
