UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 1
Test Bank 1 for Maternity & Women’s Health
Care, 13th Edition,Lowdermilk. UPDATED
VERSION,2026/2027!!!! ALL CHAPTERS FULLY
COVERED !!!! GET A COPY,GET AN A+
Which collection of risk factors will most likely result in damaging
lacerations, including episiotomies?
a. Dark-skinned woman who has had more than one pregnancy,
who is going through prolonged second-stage labor, and who is
attended by a midwife
b. Reddish-haired mother of two who is going through a breech
birth
c. Dark-skinned first-time mother who is going through a long labor
d. First-time mother with reddish hair whose rapid labor was overseen by an obstetrician –
Correct Answer :D
Reddish-haired women have tissue that is less distensible than darker-skinned women and therefore
may have less efficient healing. First-time mothers are also at greater risk, especially with breech
births, long second-stage labors, or rapid labors during which the time for the perineum to stretch is
insufficient. The rate of episiotomies is higher when obstetricians rather than midwives attend the
births. The woman in the first scenario (a) is at low risk for either damaging lacerations or an
episiotomy. She is multiparous, has dark skin, and is being attended by a midwife, who is less likely to
perform an episiotomy. Reddish-haired women have tissue that is less distensible than that of darker-
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, UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 2
skinned women. Consequently, the client in the second scenario (b) is at increased risk for lacerations;
however, she has had two previous deliveries, which result in a lower likelihood of an episiotomy. The
fact that the woman in the third scenario (c) is experiencing a prolonged labor might increase her risk
for lacerations. Fortunately, she is dark skinned, which indicates that her tissue is more distensible
than that of fair-skinned women and therefore less susceptible to injury.
Which statement concerning the third stage of labor is correct?
a. The placenta eventually detaches itself from a flaccid uterus.
b. An expectant or active approach to managing this stage of labor reduces the risk of complications.
c. It is important that the dark, roughened maternal surface of the placenta appears before the shiny
fetal surface.
d. The major risk for women during the third stage is a rapid heart rate. –
Correct Answer :B
Active management facilitates placental separation and expulsion, reducing the risk of complications.
The placenta cannot detach itself from a flaccid (relaxed) uterus. Which surface of the placenta comes
out first is not clinically important. The major risk for women during the third stage of labor is
postpartum hemorrhaging.
A 25-year-old gravida 3, para 2 client gave birth to a 9-pound, 7-ounce boy, 4 hours ago after
augmentation of labor with oxytocin (Pitocin). She presses her call light, and asks for her nurse right
away, stating "I'm bleeding a lot." What is the most likely cause of postpartum hemorrhaging in this
client?
a. Retained placental fragments
b. Unrepaired vaginal lacerations
c. Uterine atony
d. Puerperal infection –
P a g e 2 | 164
, UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 3
Correct Answer :C
This woman gave birth to a macrosomic infant after oxytocin augmentation. Combined withthese risk
factors, uterine atony is the most likely cause of bleeding 4 hours after delivery. Although retained
placental fragments may cause postpartum hemorrhaging, it is typically detected within the first hour
after delivery of the placenta and is not the most likely cause of the hemorrhaging in this woman.
Although unrepaired vaginal lacerations may also cause bleeding, it typically occurs in the period
immediately after birth. Puerperal infection can cause subinvolution and subsequent bleeding that is,
however, typically detected 24 hours postpartum.
In recovery, if a woman is asked to either raise her legs (knees extended) off the bed or flex her knees,
and then place her feet flat on the bed and raise her buttocks well off the bed, the purpose of this
exercise is to assess what?
a. Recovery from epidural or spinal anesthesia
b. Hidden bleeding underneath her
c. Flexibility
d. Whether the woman is a candidate to go home after 6 hours –
Correct Answer :A
If the numb or prickly sensations are gone from her legs after these movements, then she has
likely recovered from the epidural or spinal anesthesia. Assessing the client for bleeding
beneath her buttocks before discharge from the recovery is always important; however, she
should be rolled to her side for this assessment. The nurse is not required to assess the woman
for flexibility. This assessment is performed to evaluate whether the client has recovered from
spinal anesthesia, not to determine if she is a candidate for early discharge.
P a g e 3 | 164
, UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 4
A woman who has a history of sexual abuse may have a number of traumatic memories triggered
during labor. She may fight the labor process and react with pain or anger. The nurse can implement a
number of care measures to help her client view the childbirth experience in a positive manner. Which
intervention is key for the nurse to use while providing care?
a. Tell the client to relax and that it won't hurt much.
b. Limit the number of procedures that invade her body.
c. Reassure the client that, as the nurse, you know what is best.
d. Allow unlimited care providers to be with the client.
- Correct Answer :B
The number of invasive procedures such as vaginal examinations, internal monitoring, and IV therapy
should be limited as much as possible. The nurse should always avoid words and phrases that may
result in the client's recalling the phrases of her abuser (i.e., "Relax, this won't hurt" or "Just open your
legs"). The woman's sense of control should be maintained at all times. The nurse should explain
procedures at the client's pace and wait for permission to proceed. Protecting the client's
environment by providing privacy and limiting the number of staff who observe the client will help to
make her feel safe.
As the United States and Canada continue to become more culturally diverse, recognizing a wide
range of varying cultural beliefs and practices is increasingly important for the nursing staff. A client is
from which country if she requests to have the baby's father in attendance?
a. Mexico
b. China
c. Iran
d. India –
Correct Answer :A
P a g e 4 | 164
Exam 2026 P a g e | 1
Test Bank 1 for Maternity & Women’s Health
Care, 13th Edition,Lowdermilk. UPDATED
VERSION,2026/2027!!!! ALL CHAPTERS FULLY
COVERED !!!! GET A COPY,GET AN A+
Which collection of risk factors will most likely result in damaging
lacerations, including episiotomies?
a. Dark-skinned woman who has had more than one pregnancy,
who is going through prolonged second-stage labor, and who is
attended by a midwife
b. Reddish-haired mother of two who is going through a breech
birth
c. Dark-skinned first-time mother who is going through a long labor
d. First-time mother with reddish hair whose rapid labor was overseen by an obstetrician –
Correct Answer :D
Reddish-haired women have tissue that is less distensible than darker-skinned women and therefore
may have less efficient healing. First-time mothers are also at greater risk, especially with breech
births, long second-stage labors, or rapid labors during which the time for the perineum to stretch is
insufficient. The rate of episiotomies is higher when obstetricians rather than midwives attend the
births. The woman in the first scenario (a) is at low risk for either damaging lacerations or an
episiotomy. She is multiparous, has dark skin, and is being attended by a midwife, who is less likely to
perform an episiotomy. Reddish-haired women have tissue that is less distensible than that of darker-
P a g e 1 | 164
, UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 2
skinned women. Consequently, the client in the second scenario (b) is at increased risk for lacerations;
however, she has had two previous deliveries, which result in a lower likelihood of an episiotomy. The
fact that the woman in the third scenario (c) is experiencing a prolonged labor might increase her risk
for lacerations. Fortunately, she is dark skinned, which indicates that her tissue is more distensible
than that of fair-skinned women and therefore less susceptible to injury.
Which statement concerning the third stage of labor is correct?
a. The placenta eventually detaches itself from a flaccid uterus.
b. An expectant or active approach to managing this stage of labor reduces the risk of complications.
c. It is important that the dark, roughened maternal surface of the placenta appears before the shiny
fetal surface.
d. The major risk for women during the third stage is a rapid heart rate. –
Correct Answer :B
Active management facilitates placental separation and expulsion, reducing the risk of complications.
The placenta cannot detach itself from a flaccid (relaxed) uterus. Which surface of the placenta comes
out first is not clinically important. The major risk for women during the third stage of labor is
postpartum hemorrhaging.
A 25-year-old gravida 3, para 2 client gave birth to a 9-pound, 7-ounce boy, 4 hours ago after
augmentation of labor with oxytocin (Pitocin). She presses her call light, and asks for her nurse right
away, stating "I'm bleeding a lot." What is the most likely cause of postpartum hemorrhaging in this
client?
a. Retained placental fragments
b. Unrepaired vaginal lacerations
c. Uterine atony
d. Puerperal infection –
P a g e 2 | 164
, UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 3
Correct Answer :C
This woman gave birth to a macrosomic infant after oxytocin augmentation. Combined withthese risk
factors, uterine atony is the most likely cause of bleeding 4 hours after delivery. Although retained
placental fragments may cause postpartum hemorrhaging, it is typically detected within the first hour
after delivery of the placenta and is not the most likely cause of the hemorrhaging in this woman.
Although unrepaired vaginal lacerations may also cause bleeding, it typically occurs in the period
immediately after birth. Puerperal infection can cause subinvolution and subsequent bleeding that is,
however, typically detected 24 hours postpartum.
In recovery, if a woman is asked to either raise her legs (knees extended) off the bed or flex her knees,
and then place her feet flat on the bed and raise her buttocks well off the bed, the purpose of this
exercise is to assess what?
a. Recovery from epidural or spinal anesthesia
b. Hidden bleeding underneath her
c. Flexibility
d. Whether the woman is a candidate to go home after 6 hours –
Correct Answer :A
If the numb or prickly sensations are gone from her legs after these movements, then she has
likely recovered from the epidural or spinal anesthesia. Assessing the client for bleeding
beneath her buttocks before discharge from the recovery is always important; however, she
should be rolled to her side for this assessment. The nurse is not required to assess the woman
for flexibility. This assessment is performed to evaluate whether the client has recovered from
spinal anesthesia, not to determine if she is a candidate for early discharge.
P a g e 3 | 164
, UTA NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 P a g e | 4
A woman who has a history of sexual abuse may have a number of traumatic memories triggered
during labor. She may fight the labor process and react with pain or anger. The nurse can implement a
number of care measures to help her client view the childbirth experience in a positive manner. Which
intervention is key for the nurse to use while providing care?
a. Tell the client to relax and that it won't hurt much.
b. Limit the number of procedures that invade her body.
c. Reassure the client that, as the nurse, you know what is best.
d. Allow unlimited care providers to be with the client.
- Correct Answer :B
The number of invasive procedures such as vaginal examinations, internal monitoring, and IV therapy
should be limited as much as possible. The nurse should always avoid words and phrases that may
result in the client's recalling the phrases of her abuser (i.e., "Relax, this won't hurt" or "Just open your
legs"). The woman's sense of control should be maintained at all times. The nurse should explain
procedures at the client's pace and wait for permission to proceed. Protecting the client's
environment by providing privacy and limiting the number of staff who observe the client will help to
make her feel safe.
As the United States and Canada continue to become more culturally diverse, recognizing a wide
range of varying cultural beliefs and practices is increasingly important for the nursing staff. A client is
from which country if she requests to have the baby's father in attendance?
a. Mexico
b. China
c. Iran
d. India –
Correct Answer :A
P a g e 4 | 164
