UTA 5315 EXAM 3 COMPREHENSIVE
EXAMINATION TEST SOLVED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE
REVIEW RESOURCE
⩥ Kernig's Sign.
Answer: Severe *stiffness of hamstrings*
(Can't *K*ick = *K*ernig's)
Sign of MENINGITIS (possibly secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
⩥ Brudzinski's Sign.
Answer: Severe *neck stiffness*
(*Bruh, I can't move my neck = Brudzinski's*) Sign of MENINGITIS
(possibly secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
⩥ Post Concussive Syndrome.
Answer: -Affects about 80% of people with mild-moderate traumatic
brain injuries
-Women are at higher risk
-Age increases risk
-Symptoms may occur 3-12 months post injury
,-Symptoms: Headaches, dizziness, anxiety, difficulties with
learning/memory/attention, depression
Signs: Global brain atrophy on imaging & signs of organic brain injury
(changes not r/t mental illness) on imaging 1 year post injury
⩥ Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE).
Answer: -Results from from *repeated* trauama to brain
-*Hallmark sign: Deposition of tau protein throughout the brain
-Tau proteins are associated with synaptic dysfunction and neural cell
death
-Patients may initially present with chronic symptoms: mood, cognitive,
behavioral, motor disturbances (Side note: Tau proteins are associated w/
Alzheimer's and clinical presentation is similar with Alzeheimer's &
CTE)
-Gene Apolipoprotein Ee4 increases risk for CTE
-Mortality from CTE & Alzheimer's is 3x higher in NFL players than
general public
, -Patho: Cerebral atrophy (remember this also follows post-concussive
syndrome and CTE patients likely have had lots of concussions),
extensive tau-immunoreactive degenerative changes such as
neurofibrillary tanges, neutrophil threads, astrocytic tangles
⩥ 4 stages of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.
Answer: The higher the number, the more widespread the tau protein
accumulation & worse the disease
Stage I: p-tau neurofibrillary tangles are isolated to cerebral cortex
Stage 4: p-tau proteins are widespread throughout brain
⩥ Cushing's Triad.
Answer: -Sign of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP)
1. Hypertension
2. Bradycardia
3. Widening pulse pressure (difference between systolic & diastolic
pressure)
⩥ ICP & CPP.
Answer: Intracranial Pressure & Cerebral Perfusion Pressure have an
inverse relationship - when one is high the other is low
⩥ Normal CPP (cerebral perfusion pressure).
Answer: 60-100
EXAMINATION TEST SOLVED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE
REVIEW RESOURCE
⩥ Kernig's Sign.
Answer: Severe *stiffness of hamstrings*
(Can't *K*ick = *K*ernig's)
Sign of MENINGITIS (possibly secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
⩥ Brudzinski's Sign.
Answer: Severe *neck stiffness*
(*Bruh, I can't move my neck = Brudzinski's*) Sign of MENINGITIS
(possibly secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
⩥ Post Concussive Syndrome.
Answer: -Affects about 80% of people with mild-moderate traumatic
brain injuries
-Women are at higher risk
-Age increases risk
-Symptoms may occur 3-12 months post injury
,-Symptoms: Headaches, dizziness, anxiety, difficulties with
learning/memory/attention, depression
Signs: Global brain atrophy on imaging & signs of organic brain injury
(changes not r/t mental illness) on imaging 1 year post injury
⩥ Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE).
Answer: -Results from from *repeated* trauama to brain
-*Hallmark sign: Deposition of tau protein throughout the brain
-Tau proteins are associated with synaptic dysfunction and neural cell
death
-Patients may initially present with chronic symptoms: mood, cognitive,
behavioral, motor disturbances (Side note: Tau proteins are associated w/
Alzheimer's and clinical presentation is similar with Alzeheimer's &
CTE)
-Gene Apolipoprotein Ee4 increases risk for CTE
-Mortality from CTE & Alzheimer's is 3x higher in NFL players than
general public
, -Patho: Cerebral atrophy (remember this also follows post-concussive
syndrome and CTE patients likely have had lots of concussions),
extensive tau-immunoreactive degenerative changes such as
neurofibrillary tanges, neutrophil threads, astrocytic tangles
⩥ 4 stages of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.
Answer: The higher the number, the more widespread the tau protein
accumulation & worse the disease
Stage I: p-tau neurofibrillary tangles are isolated to cerebral cortex
Stage 4: p-tau proteins are widespread throughout brain
⩥ Cushing's Triad.
Answer: -Sign of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP)
1. Hypertension
2. Bradycardia
3. Widening pulse pressure (difference between systolic & diastolic
pressure)
⩥ ICP & CPP.
Answer: Intracranial Pressure & Cerebral Perfusion Pressure have an
inverse relationship - when one is high the other is low
⩥ Normal CPP (cerebral perfusion pressure).
Answer: 60-100
