MICROBIOLOGY LECTURE FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025-
2026 ALREADY PASSED.
A single mutation in a pathogenic gene may
cause the pathogen to become avirulent.(t/f)
- correct answer - True
A/an ________ is a toxin made inside the
pathogen and excreted into the external
environment. - correct answer - exotoxin
All microorganisms that live on or within the
human body are referred to collectively as the
human ____________. - correct answer -
microbiome
All of the following are components that may
be used by a pathogen for attachment to a
host cell EXCEPT - correct answer -
chitinases.
,All of the following are examples of how
virulence factors facilitate establishment of
disease by a pathogen EXCEPT - correct
answer - resisting antibiotics
An attachment structure that aids in
overcoming the charge repulsion between
host/microbe cells is the - correct answer -
fimbriae
An example of a rumen fermenter is the: -
correct answer - sheep
An example of an organism that causes a
foodborne infection is - correct answer -
Campylobacter jejuni
Bacteria can steal iron from host cells through
their production of - correct answer -
siderophores
, Botulinum toxin belongs to a group of toxins
called A-B toxins. To what does the term A-B
refer? - correct answer - Their enzymatically
active subunit and cell binding subunit
Conjugate vaccines are composed of _________
linked to an immunogenic protein. - correct
answer - polysaccharide antigens
Dengue fever is caused by a virus; this virus
requires part of its life cycle to occur within
the mosquito. This makes the mosquito a -
correct answer - biological vector
Endotoxins are toxins that are made in the
cell and excreted to the external environment.
(t/f) - correct answer - False
Fibronectin-binding proteins are associated
with which of these bacteria? (Select all that
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025-
2026 ALREADY PASSED.
A single mutation in a pathogenic gene may
cause the pathogen to become avirulent.(t/f)
- correct answer - True
A/an ________ is a toxin made inside the
pathogen and excreted into the external
environment. - correct answer - exotoxin
All microorganisms that live on or within the
human body are referred to collectively as the
human ____________. - correct answer -
microbiome
All of the following are components that may
be used by a pathogen for attachment to a
host cell EXCEPT - correct answer -
chitinases.
,All of the following are examples of how
virulence factors facilitate establishment of
disease by a pathogen EXCEPT - correct
answer - resisting antibiotics
An attachment structure that aids in
overcoming the charge repulsion between
host/microbe cells is the - correct answer -
fimbriae
An example of a rumen fermenter is the: -
correct answer - sheep
An example of an organism that causes a
foodborne infection is - correct answer -
Campylobacter jejuni
Bacteria can steal iron from host cells through
their production of - correct answer -
siderophores
, Botulinum toxin belongs to a group of toxins
called A-B toxins. To what does the term A-B
refer? - correct answer - Their enzymatically
active subunit and cell binding subunit
Conjugate vaccines are composed of _________
linked to an immunogenic protein. - correct
answer - polysaccharide antigens
Dengue fever is caused by a virus; this virus
requires part of its life cycle to occur within
the mosquito. This makes the mosquito a -
correct answer - biological vector
Endotoxins are toxins that are made in the
cell and excreted to the external environment.
(t/f) - correct answer - False
Fibronectin-binding proteins are associated
with which of these bacteria? (Select all that
