CPHON LATEST EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Treatment for Burkitt's lymphoma in limited stage? advanced stage? - ✔✔Limited:
cyclophosphamide, vincristine, MTX, prednisone, doxorubicin, etosposide, ifosfamide
Advanced: cycolophosphamide, HD MTX, cytarabine, ifosfamide, etoposide
✔✔If % of blasts is >25% on bone marrow, it is ____. - ✔✔ALL
As opposed to LL.
✔✔Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma originates from ___ cell. - ✔✔T
✔✔Treatment for NHL - ✔✔Combination chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant for relapsed patients
✔✔Hemolytic uremic syndrome - ✔✔Heterogeneous group of disorders characterized
by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure
✔✔HUS: typical versus atypical - ✔✔*Typical* is diarrhea associated. Hemolytic
anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure following AGE. Associated with
STEC (Shiga-toxin producing E. coli)
*Atypical* is due to complement dysregulation. Triggering event leads to uninhibited
continuous activation of alternate pathway, leading to MAC formation. This causes renal
endothelial damage, activation of coagulation cascade, and thrombotic
microangiopathy.
✔✔Neuroblastoma is the most common childhood solid tumor occurring outside the
brain and the deadliest. It arises from neural crest cells, which are located along
___________. - ✔✔Sympathetic nerve pathways
, *Abdomen is the most common primary site, esp. involving adrenal glands. Cervical and
thoracic sites are also common, esp. in infants.
*Small round blue cell*
✔✔Cervical neuroblastoma may present with Horner's syndrome, which is.... -
✔✔Ptosis
Myosis (constriction of pupil)
Anhydrosis
✔✔Blueberry muffin sign is indicative of _____. - ✔✔Neuroblastoma!
✔✔What solid tumor is known as the silent tumor? - ✔✔Neuroblastoma (Widespread
mets at diagnoses in >60% of patients)
✔✔What is pseudorosette? - ✔✔Ring of neuroblasts surrounding core of neutrophils.
Seen in neuroblastoma
✔✔What is N-myc oncogene? - ✔✔Amplification and overexpression of N-Myc can lead
to tumorigenesis.--specifically, neuroblastoma.
N-myc amplification>/= 10 copies. Associated with poor prognosis.
✔✔Retinoblastoma is the most common intra-ocular tumor seen in children. What are
rosettes? - ✔✔Cells with scant cytoplasm and hyperchromic nuclei arranged in
bouquet-like clusters.
Will see leukocoria commonly.
✔✔What is the most common bone tumor in children? - ✔✔Osteosarcoma
*At diagnosis, many patients have metastatic spread, usually to the lungs.
✔✔Osteosarcoma often occurs earlier in _____ but is more common in ___. - ✔✔Girls
Boys (because of larger bone volume)
✔✔What tumor is radioresistant? - ✔✔Osteosarcoma
✔✔"Sunburst" pattern on xray is characteristic of ______. - ✔✔osetosarcoma
✔✔CNS tumors are the ___ most common malignancy in children. - ✔✔2nd
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Treatment for Burkitt's lymphoma in limited stage? advanced stage? - ✔✔Limited:
cyclophosphamide, vincristine, MTX, prednisone, doxorubicin, etosposide, ifosfamide
Advanced: cycolophosphamide, HD MTX, cytarabine, ifosfamide, etoposide
✔✔If % of blasts is >25% on bone marrow, it is ____. - ✔✔ALL
As opposed to LL.
✔✔Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma originates from ___ cell. - ✔✔T
✔✔Treatment for NHL - ✔✔Combination chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant for relapsed patients
✔✔Hemolytic uremic syndrome - ✔✔Heterogeneous group of disorders characterized
by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure
✔✔HUS: typical versus atypical - ✔✔*Typical* is diarrhea associated. Hemolytic
anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure following AGE. Associated with
STEC (Shiga-toxin producing E. coli)
*Atypical* is due to complement dysregulation. Triggering event leads to uninhibited
continuous activation of alternate pathway, leading to MAC formation. This causes renal
endothelial damage, activation of coagulation cascade, and thrombotic
microangiopathy.
✔✔Neuroblastoma is the most common childhood solid tumor occurring outside the
brain and the deadliest. It arises from neural crest cells, which are located along
___________. - ✔✔Sympathetic nerve pathways
, *Abdomen is the most common primary site, esp. involving adrenal glands. Cervical and
thoracic sites are also common, esp. in infants.
*Small round blue cell*
✔✔Cervical neuroblastoma may present with Horner's syndrome, which is.... -
✔✔Ptosis
Myosis (constriction of pupil)
Anhydrosis
✔✔Blueberry muffin sign is indicative of _____. - ✔✔Neuroblastoma!
✔✔What solid tumor is known as the silent tumor? - ✔✔Neuroblastoma (Widespread
mets at diagnoses in >60% of patients)
✔✔What is pseudorosette? - ✔✔Ring of neuroblasts surrounding core of neutrophils.
Seen in neuroblastoma
✔✔What is N-myc oncogene? - ✔✔Amplification and overexpression of N-Myc can lead
to tumorigenesis.--specifically, neuroblastoma.
N-myc amplification>/= 10 copies. Associated with poor prognosis.
✔✔Retinoblastoma is the most common intra-ocular tumor seen in children. What are
rosettes? - ✔✔Cells with scant cytoplasm and hyperchromic nuclei arranged in
bouquet-like clusters.
Will see leukocoria commonly.
✔✔What is the most common bone tumor in children? - ✔✔Osteosarcoma
*At diagnosis, many patients have metastatic spread, usually to the lungs.
✔✔Osteosarcoma often occurs earlier in _____ but is more common in ___. - ✔✔Girls
Boys (because of larger bone volume)
✔✔What tumor is radioresistant? - ✔✔Osteosarcoma
✔✔"Sunburst" pattern on xray is characteristic of ______. - ✔✔osetosarcoma
✔✔CNS tumors are the ___ most common malignancy in children. - ✔✔2nd
