NCC ELECTRONIC FETAL MONITORING SCRIPTED
LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔An EFM tracing with absent variability and intermittent late decelerations would be
classified as
A. Category I
B. Category II
C. Category III - ✔✔B. Category II
✔✔Interpretation and classification of FHR patterns are based on predictability of fetal
status
A. At birth
B. At the time the pattern is observed
C. Over the previous hour - ✔✔B. At the time the pattern is observed
✔✔Amnioinfusion is an appropriate measure for
A. Thick, meconium-stained fluid
B. Oligohydramnios
C. Recurrent variable decelerations unresolved by position changes - ✔✔C. Recurrent
variable decelerations unresolved by position changes
✔✔Baroreceptors respond to changes in fetal
A. Blood pressure
B. Oxygen status
C. Acid-base status - ✔✔A. Blood pressure
✔✔Fetal scalp stimulation is appropriate in the context of
A. Minimal variability
B. Prolonged deceleration
C. Bradycardia - ✔✔A. Minimal variability
✔✔Maternal oxygen administration is appropriate in the context of
,A. Recurrent variable decelerations/moderate variability
B. Intermittent late decelerations/minimal variability
C. Prolonged decelerations/moderate variability - ✔✔B. Intermittent late
decelerations/minimal variability
✔✔A preterm fetus
A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
B. Requires internal monitoring if oxytocin is used for labor induction or augmentation
C. Should be born via cesarean section unless there are maternal contraindications -
✔✔A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
✔✔Oxygen is transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta through
A. Active transport
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion - ✔✔B. Passive diffusion
✔✔Resting tone and intensity of uterine contractions cannot be assessed by
A. External tocodynamometer
B. Manual palpation
C. Intrauterine pressure catheter - ✔✔A. External tocodynamometer
✔✔The FHR characteristic most predictive of a well-oxygenated baby at the time
observed is
A. Moderate variability
B. Stable baseline rate
C. Absence of decelerations - ✔✔A. Moderate variability
✔✔In the context of hypoxemia, fetal blood flow is shifted to the
A. Brain
B. Liver
C. Lungs - ✔✔A. Brain
✔✔Baroreceptor-mediated decelerations are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔The primary goal in the treatment of variable decelerations is to
A. Correct umbilical cord compression
B. Improve maternal oxygenation
C. Maximize blood flow to the uterus - ✔✔A. Correct umbilical cord compression
✔✔Umbilical artery gas results reflect the status of the
A. Mother
,B. Fetus
C. Placenta - ✔✔B. Fetus
✔✔An appropriate initial treatment for recurrent late decelerations with moderate
variability during first stage labor is
A. Amnioinfusion
B. Maternal repositioning
C. Oxygen at 10L per nonrebreather face mask - ✔✔B. Maternal repositioning
✔✔Most fetal dysrhythmias are not life-threatening, except for _______, which may lead
to fetal congestive heart failure. - ✔✔Supraventricular tachycardia
✔✔Medications, prematurity, fetal sleep, fetal dysrhythmia, anesthetic agents, or
cardiac anomalies may result in _______ variability. - ✔✔Decreased
✔✔In the presence of late or variable decelerations, two parameters that indicate
adequate fetal oxygenation are _____ and _____. - ✔✔Moderate variability; normal
baseline rate
✔✔To correctly interpret a baseline FHR as tachycardic or bradycardic, the rate must
persist for a minimum of _____ min. - ✔✔10
✔✔In assessing fetal well-being, the most important characteristic of the FHR is
A. Rate
B. Variability
C. Presence of accelerations
D. Absence of decelerations - ✔✔B. Variability
✔✔Stimulation of the _____ _____ _____ releases acetylcholine, resulting in decreased
FHR. - ✔✔Parasympathetic nervous system
✔✔The _____ _____ _____ maintains transmission of beat-to-beat variability. -
✔✔Parasympathetic nervous system
✔✔Stimulation of the _____ _____ _____ releases catecholamines, resulting in
increased FHR. - ✔✔Sympathetic nervous system
✔✔Stimulation of _____ results in abrupt decreases in FHR, CO, and BP. -
✔✔Baroreceptors
✔✔Baroreceptors influence _____ decelerations with moderate variability. - ✔✔Variable
, ✔✔Following an ultrasound which revealed decreased amniotic fluid, a woman at term
is admitted in early labor. It should be recognized that oligohydramnios often results in
fetal heart rate decelerations that are
A. Late in onset or occur after the peak of the contraction
B. Synchronous with that of the contraction
C. Varied in depth and duration - ✔✔C. Varied in depth and duration
✔✔In comparing early and late decelerations, a distinguishing factor between the two is
A. Onset time to the nadir of the deceleration
B. The number of decelerations that occur
C. Timing in relation to contractions - ✔✔C. Timing in relation to contractions
✔✔The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased
A. Baroceptor response
B. Increased peripheral resistance
C. Vagal reflex - ✔✔C. Vagal reflex
✔✔Glucose is transferred across the placenta via _____ _____. - ✔✔Facilitated
diffusion
✔✔Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, fatty acids, fat-soluble
vitamins, narcotics barbiturates, anesthetics, and antibiotics are transferred across the
placenta via _____ _____. - ✔✔Simple (passive) diffusion
✔✔Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine are
transferred across the placenta via _____ _____. - ✔✔Active transport
✔✔Well-oxygenated fetal blood enters the _____ ventricle, which supplies the heart and
brain. Less-oxygenated blood enters the ______ ventricle, which supplies the rest of the
body. - ✔✔Left; right
✔✔The _____ _____ allows relatively well-oxygenated blood to enter the fetal heart
directly, bypassing the liver. - ✔✔Ductus venosus
✔✔The _____ _____ allows blood to bypass the lungs, flowing from the pulmonary
artery to the aorta. - ✔✔Ductus arteriosus
✔✔The _____ _____ is the shunt that bypasses the fetal lungs, moving blood from the
right atrium to the left atrium. - ✔✔Foramen ovale
✔✔Fetal blood has a _______ hemoglobin concentration compared to adults.
A. Higher
B. Lower - ✔✔A. Higher
LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔An EFM tracing with absent variability and intermittent late decelerations would be
classified as
A. Category I
B. Category II
C. Category III - ✔✔B. Category II
✔✔Interpretation and classification of FHR patterns are based on predictability of fetal
status
A. At birth
B. At the time the pattern is observed
C. Over the previous hour - ✔✔B. At the time the pattern is observed
✔✔Amnioinfusion is an appropriate measure for
A. Thick, meconium-stained fluid
B. Oligohydramnios
C. Recurrent variable decelerations unresolved by position changes - ✔✔C. Recurrent
variable decelerations unresolved by position changes
✔✔Baroreceptors respond to changes in fetal
A. Blood pressure
B. Oxygen status
C. Acid-base status - ✔✔A. Blood pressure
✔✔Fetal scalp stimulation is appropriate in the context of
A. Minimal variability
B. Prolonged deceleration
C. Bradycardia - ✔✔A. Minimal variability
✔✔Maternal oxygen administration is appropriate in the context of
,A. Recurrent variable decelerations/moderate variability
B. Intermittent late decelerations/minimal variability
C. Prolonged decelerations/moderate variability - ✔✔B. Intermittent late
decelerations/minimal variability
✔✔A preterm fetus
A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
B. Requires internal monitoring if oxytocin is used for labor induction or augmentation
C. Should be born via cesarean section unless there are maternal contraindications -
✔✔A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
✔✔Oxygen is transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta through
A. Active transport
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion - ✔✔B. Passive diffusion
✔✔Resting tone and intensity of uterine contractions cannot be assessed by
A. External tocodynamometer
B. Manual palpation
C. Intrauterine pressure catheter - ✔✔A. External tocodynamometer
✔✔The FHR characteristic most predictive of a well-oxygenated baby at the time
observed is
A. Moderate variability
B. Stable baseline rate
C. Absence of decelerations - ✔✔A. Moderate variability
✔✔In the context of hypoxemia, fetal blood flow is shifted to the
A. Brain
B. Liver
C. Lungs - ✔✔A. Brain
✔✔Baroreceptor-mediated decelerations are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔The primary goal in the treatment of variable decelerations is to
A. Correct umbilical cord compression
B. Improve maternal oxygenation
C. Maximize blood flow to the uterus - ✔✔A. Correct umbilical cord compression
✔✔Umbilical artery gas results reflect the status of the
A. Mother
,B. Fetus
C. Placenta - ✔✔B. Fetus
✔✔An appropriate initial treatment for recurrent late decelerations with moderate
variability during first stage labor is
A. Amnioinfusion
B. Maternal repositioning
C. Oxygen at 10L per nonrebreather face mask - ✔✔B. Maternal repositioning
✔✔Most fetal dysrhythmias are not life-threatening, except for _______, which may lead
to fetal congestive heart failure. - ✔✔Supraventricular tachycardia
✔✔Medications, prematurity, fetal sleep, fetal dysrhythmia, anesthetic agents, or
cardiac anomalies may result in _______ variability. - ✔✔Decreased
✔✔In the presence of late or variable decelerations, two parameters that indicate
adequate fetal oxygenation are _____ and _____. - ✔✔Moderate variability; normal
baseline rate
✔✔To correctly interpret a baseline FHR as tachycardic or bradycardic, the rate must
persist for a minimum of _____ min. - ✔✔10
✔✔In assessing fetal well-being, the most important characteristic of the FHR is
A. Rate
B. Variability
C. Presence of accelerations
D. Absence of decelerations - ✔✔B. Variability
✔✔Stimulation of the _____ _____ _____ releases acetylcholine, resulting in decreased
FHR. - ✔✔Parasympathetic nervous system
✔✔The _____ _____ _____ maintains transmission of beat-to-beat variability. -
✔✔Parasympathetic nervous system
✔✔Stimulation of the _____ _____ _____ releases catecholamines, resulting in
increased FHR. - ✔✔Sympathetic nervous system
✔✔Stimulation of _____ results in abrupt decreases in FHR, CO, and BP. -
✔✔Baroreceptors
✔✔Baroreceptors influence _____ decelerations with moderate variability. - ✔✔Variable
, ✔✔Following an ultrasound which revealed decreased amniotic fluid, a woman at term
is admitted in early labor. It should be recognized that oligohydramnios often results in
fetal heart rate decelerations that are
A. Late in onset or occur after the peak of the contraction
B. Synchronous with that of the contraction
C. Varied in depth and duration - ✔✔C. Varied in depth and duration
✔✔In comparing early and late decelerations, a distinguishing factor between the two is
A. Onset time to the nadir of the deceleration
B. The number of decelerations that occur
C. Timing in relation to contractions - ✔✔C. Timing in relation to contractions
✔✔The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased
A. Baroceptor response
B. Increased peripheral resistance
C. Vagal reflex - ✔✔C. Vagal reflex
✔✔Glucose is transferred across the placenta via _____ _____. - ✔✔Facilitated
diffusion
✔✔Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, fatty acids, fat-soluble
vitamins, narcotics barbiturates, anesthetics, and antibiotics are transferred across the
placenta via _____ _____. - ✔✔Simple (passive) diffusion
✔✔Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine are
transferred across the placenta via _____ _____. - ✔✔Active transport
✔✔Well-oxygenated fetal blood enters the _____ ventricle, which supplies the heart and
brain. Less-oxygenated blood enters the ______ ventricle, which supplies the rest of the
body. - ✔✔Left; right
✔✔The _____ _____ allows relatively well-oxygenated blood to enter the fetal heart
directly, bypassing the liver. - ✔✔Ductus venosus
✔✔The _____ _____ allows blood to bypass the lungs, flowing from the pulmonary
artery to the aorta. - ✔✔Ductus arteriosus
✔✔The _____ _____ is the shunt that bypasses the fetal lungs, moving blood from the
right atrium to the left atrium. - ✔✔Foramen ovale
✔✔Fetal blood has a _______ hemoglobin concentration compared to adults.
A. Higher
B. Lower - ✔✔A. Higher
