NUR 223 (Unit 2) Test 2 Exam Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
,What is mood, affect, bipolar Mood: The sustained emotion that is
disorder, and mania? influenced by
perception of the world.
Affect: Observable emotional reaction
associated
with the experience.
Bipolar Disorder: A disorder characterized
by
mood swings from profound depression to
extreme euphoria (mania) with intervening
periods
of normalcy. Psychotic symptoms may or
may not
be present.
Mania: An alteration in mood that is
expressed by
feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem,
grandiosity,
hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated
thinking
and speaking. The disturbance is severe
enough to
cause marked impairment in job
performance,
social activities, and relationships with
others.
Caused by biological, psychological
disorder, or
response to substance use or general
medical
condition.
,*What is the etiology of bipolar Strong genetic component: Problems with
disorder? coding
neurotransmitters (increased levels of
norepinephrine and dopamine in acute
mania;
serotonin low in depression/mania;
increased
glutamate).
Different brain structure: Enlarged cerebral
ventricles.
Coexisting mental disorders: Anxiety,
ADHD,
substance abuse, eating disorder.
Acetylcholine is believed to be related to
symptoms of bipolar disorder.
Childhood trauma, stressful life events,
brain
chemistry, family history, medications,
drugs, ETOH.
, What is bipolar disorder? Severe mood swings from profound
depression to
euphoria (mania) with intervening periods
of
normalcy-characterizing behaviors.
Delusions or hallucinations may or may not
be part
of the clinical picture.
Onset of symptoms may reflect seasonal
pattern.
A milder form of mania is called
hypomania.
During a manic episode, the mood is
elevated,
expansive, or irritable. The disturbance is
sufficiently severe to cause marked
impairment in
occupational functioning or in usual social
activities
or relationships with others or to require
hospitalization to prevent harm to self or
others.
The diagnostic picture for depression
associated
with bipolar disorder is similar to major
depressive
disorder, but the client must have a history
of one
or more manic episodes.
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
,What is mood, affect, bipolar Mood: The sustained emotion that is
disorder, and mania? influenced by
perception of the world.
Affect: Observable emotional reaction
associated
with the experience.
Bipolar Disorder: A disorder characterized
by
mood swings from profound depression to
extreme euphoria (mania) with intervening
periods
of normalcy. Psychotic symptoms may or
may not
be present.
Mania: An alteration in mood that is
expressed by
feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem,
grandiosity,
hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated
thinking
and speaking. The disturbance is severe
enough to
cause marked impairment in job
performance,
social activities, and relationships with
others.
Caused by biological, psychological
disorder, or
response to substance use or general
medical
condition.
,*What is the etiology of bipolar Strong genetic component: Problems with
disorder? coding
neurotransmitters (increased levels of
norepinephrine and dopamine in acute
mania;
serotonin low in depression/mania;
increased
glutamate).
Different brain structure: Enlarged cerebral
ventricles.
Coexisting mental disorders: Anxiety,
ADHD,
substance abuse, eating disorder.
Acetylcholine is believed to be related to
symptoms of bipolar disorder.
Childhood trauma, stressful life events,
brain
chemistry, family history, medications,
drugs, ETOH.
, What is bipolar disorder? Severe mood swings from profound
depression to
euphoria (mania) with intervening periods
of
normalcy-characterizing behaviors.
Delusions or hallucinations may or may not
be part
of the clinical picture.
Onset of symptoms may reflect seasonal
pattern.
A milder form of mania is called
hypomania.
During a manic episode, the mood is
elevated,
expansive, or irritable. The disturbance is
sufficiently severe to cause marked
impairment in
occupational functioning or in usual social
activities
or relationships with others or to require
hospitalization to prevent harm to self or
others.
The diagnostic picture for depression
associated
with bipolar disorder is similar to major
depressive
disorder, but the client must have a history
of one
or more manic episodes.
