CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Azygos Vein - ✔✔Single vein that drains the thorax
✔✔Great Saphenous Veins - ✔✔The longest veins in the body (used for open heart
surgery)
✔✔External Jugular Vein - ✔✔receives blood from skin and muscles of head
✔✔Subclavian Vein - ✔✔receives blood from the arm though the axillary vein
✔✔Median Cubital Vein - ✔✔Site for blood removal for blood testing, anterior aspect of
the elbow
✔✔Basilar artery - ✔✔Serves the brain stem and the cerebellum as it travels upward
✔✔What is another name for Cerebral Arterial Circle? - ✔✔Circle of Willis
✔✔Cerebral Arterial Circle / Circle of Willis - ✔✔Blood vessels that surround the base of
the brain, protecting the brain and providing more than one route for blood to reach
brain tissue
✔✔Hepatic Portal Circulation - ✔✔Drains the digestive organs, spleen, and pancreas
and deliver this blood to the liver through the hepatic portal vein
✔✔Which portal has a unique and unusual circulation - ✔✔Hepatic Portal Circulation
✔✔Vital Signs - ✔✔Arterial Pulse and Blood Pressure and Respiratory Rate
✔✔Pulse - ✔✔A pressure wave that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle
✔✔What is the pulse average beats per minute? - ✔✔70-75
✔✔Pressure Points - ✔✔Points at the body surface where the pulse may be felt
✔✔Blood Pressure - ✔✔The pressure the blood exerts against the inner walls of the
blood vessels, it is the only force that keeps blood circulating continuously even
between heartbeats
✔✔Arterial Pulse - ✔✔Pressure wave of blood that can only be felt in the arteries.
✔✔Systolic Pressure - ✔✔The pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular
contraction
, ✔✔Diastolic Pressure - ✔✔The pressure when the ventricles are relaxing.
✔✔How is blood pressure measured? - ✔✔Millimeters of mercury (mm/Hg)
✔✔Peripheral Resistance - ✔✔The amount of friction the blood encounters as it flows
through the blood vessels
✔✔Vasocontriction - ✔✔Narrowing of the blood, the major action of the sympathetic
nervous system
✔✔What major role do the kidneys play in the cardiovascular system? - ✔✔Regulate
blood pressure by altering blood volume
✔✔What are the 5 effects on blood pressure? - ✔✔1. Neural Factors: Autonomic
Nervous System
2. Renal Factors:Kidneys
3. Temperature
4. Chemicals
5. Diet
✔✔How does temperature affect blood pressure? - ✔✔Cold has a vasoconstricting
effect while heat has a vasodilating effect
✔✔How does chemicals effect blood pressure? - ✔✔Drugs, Alcohol, Nicotine can
increase blood pressure causing vasocontriction
✔✔How does diet effect blood pressure? - ✔✔Foods low in salt and sodium can help to
prevent hypertention
✔✔What is the normal systolic blood pressure? - ✔✔110-140 mm Hg
✔✔What is the normal diastolic blood pressure - ✔✔70-80 mm Hg
✔✔Hypotension - ✔✔Low blood pressure with a systolic below 100 mm Hg
✔✔Orthostatic Hypotension - ✔✔Temporary Low Pressure from suddenly changing
positions
✔✔Hypertension - ✔✔High Blood Pressure that is 140/90 of higher
✔✔What is the percentage of people with primary or essential hypertension? - ✔✔90%
✔✔ What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - ✔✔Transportation
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Azygos Vein - ✔✔Single vein that drains the thorax
✔✔Great Saphenous Veins - ✔✔The longest veins in the body (used for open heart
surgery)
✔✔External Jugular Vein - ✔✔receives blood from skin and muscles of head
✔✔Subclavian Vein - ✔✔receives blood from the arm though the axillary vein
✔✔Median Cubital Vein - ✔✔Site for blood removal for blood testing, anterior aspect of
the elbow
✔✔Basilar artery - ✔✔Serves the brain stem and the cerebellum as it travels upward
✔✔What is another name for Cerebral Arterial Circle? - ✔✔Circle of Willis
✔✔Cerebral Arterial Circle / Circle of Willis - ✔✔Blood vessels that surround the base of
the brain, protecting the brain and providing more than one route for blood to reach
brain tissue
✔✔Hepatic Portal Circulation - ✔✔Drains the digestive organs, spleen, and pancreas
and deliver this blood to the liver through the hepatic portal vein
✔✔Which portal has a unique and unusual circulation - ✔✔Hepatic Portal Circulation
✔✔Vital Signs - ✔✔Arterial Pulse and Blood Pressure and Respiratory Rate
✔✔Pulse - ✔✔A pressure wave that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle
✔✔What is the pulse average beats per minute? - ✔✔70-75
✔✔Pressure Points - ✔✔Points at the body surface where the pulse may be felt
✔✔Blood Pressure - ✔✔The pressure the blood exerts against the inner walls of the
blood vessels, it is the only force that keeps blood circulating continuously even
between heartbeats
✔✔Arterial Pulse - ✔✔Pressure wave of blood that can only be felt in the arteries.
✔✔Systolic Pressure - ✔✔The pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular
contraction
, ✔✔Diastolic Pressure - ✔✔The pressure when the ventricles are relaxing.
✔✔How is blood pressure measured? - ✔✔Millimeters of mercury (mm/Hg)
✔✔Peripheral Resistance - ✔✔The amount of friction the blood encounters as it flows
through the blood vessels
✔✔Vasocontriction - ✔✔Narrowing of the blood, the major action of the sympathetic
nervous system
✔✔What major role do the kidneys play in the cardiovascular system? - ✔✔Regulate
blood pressure by altering blood volume
✔✔What are the 5 effects on blood pressure? - ✔✔1. Neural Factors: Autonomic
Nervous System
2. Renal Factors:Kidneys
3. Temperature
4. Chemicals
5. Diet
✔✔How does temperature affect blood pressure? - ✔✔Cold has a vasoconstricting
effect while heat has a vasodilating effect
✔✔How does chemicals effect blood pressure? - ✔✔Drugs, Alcohol, Nicotine can
increase blood pressure causing vasocontriction
✔✔How does diet effect blood pressure? - ✔✔Foods low in salt and sodium can help to
prevent hypertention
✔✔What is the normal systolic blood pressure? - ✔✔110-140 mm Hg
✔✔What is the normal diastolic blood pressure - ✔✔70-80 mm Hg
✔✔Hypotension - ✔✔Low blood pressure with a systolic below 100 mm Hg
✔✔Orthostatic Hypotension - ✔✔Temporary Low Pressure from suddenly changing
positions
✔✔Hypertension - ✔✔High Blood Pressure that is 140/90 of higher
✔✔What is the percentage of people with primary or essential hypertension? - ✔✔90%
✔✔ What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - ✔✔Transportation
