BIO 156 FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
◍ What is a centromere? Answer: The centromere holds the sister
chromatids together (made of protein)
◍ What is the first stage of mitosis and what happens there? Answer:
Prophase. The nuclear envelope breaks up, the centrosomes split up to
opposite sides of the cell, spindle microtubules assemble and bind to
chromosomes at the centromere. Think pro - pro at breaking up
◍ What is a centrosome? Answer: microtubule organizing center.
they contain two centrioles.
◍ What is the second stage of mitosis and what happens there?
Answer: Metaphase. The chromosomes line up in the middle of the
cell. Think meta - meet in middle. The centrosomes are still on
opposite sides of the cell.
◍ What is the third stage of mitosis and what happens there?
Answer: Anaphase. This is where the centrosomes reach out with
their microtubules and take one of each sister chromatid. There are
now 4 chromosomes total. Think ana noooo
◍ What do microtubules do? Answer: they are connected to the
centrosomes and reach out to collect one of each chromatid.
, ◍ What is the last stage of mitosis and what happens there? Answer:
Telophase. Now that the chromosomes are all on opposite sides of the
cell, they loosen up. Nuclear envelopes form around each cluster of
chromosomes and mitosis ends.
◍ Chromosomes contain what? Answer: DNA and proteins
◍ What are homologous chromosomes? Answer: In a nucleus,
chromosomes with the same shape, length, and genes
◍ What is the largest chromosome in humans, how many copies do
we each have, and what are they considered? Answer: Chromosome
1. We have 2. They are homologous chromosomes.
◍ What is the beginning cell called in both mitosis and meiosis?
Answer: the parent cell
◍ What are the cells formed by the parent cell in both mitosis and
meiosis called? Answer: the daughter cells
◍ How do multicellular organisms grow and repair themselves?
Answer: mitosis
◍ What phase is a cell in for the majority of its life? Answer:
Interphase
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
◍ What is a centromere? Answer: The centromere holds the sister
chromatids together (made of protein)
◍ What is the first stage of mitosis and what happens there? Answer:
Prophase. The nuclear envelope breaks up, the centrosomes split up to
opposite sides of the cell, spindle microtubules assemble and bind to
chromosomes at the centromere. Think pro - pro at breaking up
◍ What is a centrosome? Answer: microtubule organizing center.
they contain two centrioles.
◍ What is the second stage of mitosis and what happens there?
Answer: Metaphase. The chromosomes line up in the middle of the
cell. Think meta - meet in middle. The centrosomes are still on
opposite sides of the cell.
◍ What is the third stage of mitosis and what happens there?
Answer: Anaphase. This is where the centrosomes reach out with
their microtubules and take one of each sister chromatid. There are
now 4 chromosomes total. Think ana noooo
◍ What do microtubules do? Answer: they are connected to the
centrosomes and reach out to collect one of each chromatid.
, ◍ What is the last stage of mitosis and what happens there? Answer:
Telophase. Now that the chromosomes are all on opposite sides of the
cell, they loosen up. Nuclear envelopes form around each cluster of
chromosomes and mitosis ends.
◍ Chromosomes contain what? Answer: DNA and proteins
◍ What are homologous chromosomes? Answer: In a nucleus,
chromosomes with the same shape, length, and genes
◍ What is the largest chromosome in humans, how many copies do
we each have, and what are they considered? Answer: Chromosome
1. We have 2. They are homologous chromosomes.
◍ What is the beginning cell called in both mitosis and meiosis?
Answer: the parent cell
◍ What are the cells formed by the parent cell in both mitosis and
meiosis called? Answer: the daughter cells
◍ How do multicellular organisms grow and repair themselves?
Answer: mitosis
◍ What phase is a cell in for the majority of its life? Answer:
Interphase
