Exam Pack For
Internal Medicine - Dr.
High Yield
(2026-2027)
** 100% Guaranteed Pass
** Expert-Verified Explanation
** Questions with Verified Answer
** Latest Edition | Updated
,What is the CURB-65 criteria? Pneumonia
Confusion
How to interpret? Urea >7
RR >30
BP - sys <90, dia <60
Age ≥ 65
0-1 = low risk, outpt tx
2 = intermediate risk, consider inpt
>2 = high risk, ICU
1st line inpatient PNA Tx? Fluoroquinolone
1st line outpatient typical PNA Tx?
Amoxicillin
1st line outpatient atypical PNA Tx?
Azithromycin
What is the SIRS criteria? Temp ≥38 or ≤36
How to interpret? HR >90
RR >20 (or PaCO2 <32)
WBC >12000 or <4000
2+ = SIRS
2+ & source discovered = SEPSIS
2+ & source & end organ damage or HypoTN = SEVERE SEPSIS
2+ & source & HypoTN & Not responding to fluids = SEPTIC SHOCK
What is Light's criteria? Pleural Effusion
Exudative if:
Common Causes of Exudate (7)? - Fluid protein >0.5 (pleural/serum)
- Fluid LDH >0.6 (or >2/3 ULN)
Common Causes of Transudate (~4)? Transudative if opposite
Exudate: AI Dz, Esophageal Rupture, Infection, Malignancy, Pancreatitis, Post-
CABG, PE
Transudate: CHF, Constrictive Pericarditis, Hypoalbuminemia (cirrhosis,
nephrotic synd)
,What is Well's Criteria? Pulmonary Embolism
- S&S of DVT (3)
How to interpret? - No Alternative Dx (3)
- HR >100 (1.5)
- Immobile ≥ 3 days or Surg in last 4wk (1.5)
- Previous DVT or PE (1.5)
- Hemoptysis (1)
- Malignancy w/active Tx in last 6mo or palliative care (1)
If the score is 4+ then get a CT angio
COPD - O2 sat <88
Long term oxygen therapy criteria? - PaO2 <55
Glasgow Coma Scale: if ≤ ___ then intubate? Glasgow Coma Scale: if ≤ 8 then intubate?
Ascites analysis: • 250+ Neutrophils
• ____+ Neutrophils = spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
• Cirrhosis + Ascites
• Usually seen in patients with which chronic condition?
• Diffuse Abdominal Pain + Fever + Leukocytosis
• What other Symptoms usually seen?
What is the SAAG score? Serum to Ascites Albumin Gradient
How is it calculated?
How is it interpreted? Subtract the ascites albumin concentration from the serum albumin
concentration
>1.1 means that there is portal HTN
- TIMI score - Those with unstable angina or NSTEMI
For Whom?
How is it calculated? 1 point each:
How is it interpreted? • > 65 yo
• > 3 RF for CAD
• Use of ASA in last 7d
• Known CAD (w/stenosis ≥50%)
• > 1 episode of rest angina in <24hr
• ST segment deviation
• Elevated cardiac enzymes
Score 0-2: do a stress test
Score ≥ 3: High risk, treat aggressively (cath)
Stable angina If the pt has abnormalities on EKG.
When do you do echo or nuclear perfusion stress test?
, 1st line Tx for stable Angina (3)? • Nitro
• ASA
• BB
1st line Tx for unstable Angina (9)? Morphine
O2
Nitro
ASA (1st)
Clopedogril
BB
ACE-I
Statin
Hep
What do you call øSTΔ on EKG + Chest Pain + øelevated Unstable Angina
trops?
What do you do for someone w/chest pain, unstable still go to cath
vitals, you suspect MI but don't have proof?
2 indications for CABG? • 3 vessels Dz
• Proximal LAD w/70%+ occlusion
How do you test for prinzmetal angina? EKGΔ or angio spasm when given ergotomine or Ach
How do you treat prinzmetal angina? CCB or Nitro
In which kind of MI do you not give Nitro & why? Inferior MI (II, III, aVF) b/c this'll be a RV MI which will mean less blood to L
heart. So super hypoTN
(give fluids instead)
What is 1st line Tx for cardiogenic shock? dobutamine (β1 agonist inotrope)
What is 1st line Tx for cardiogenic shock d/t Inferior MI?
atropine (b/c shock is d/t injury of SA node)
What is 1st line Tx for septic shock (3)? IV ABX + IV Fluids ± Vasopressors
Internal Medicine - Dr.
High Yield
(2026-2027)
** 100% Guaranteed Pass
** Expert-Verified Explanation
** Questions with Verified Answer
** Latest Edition | Updated
,What is the CURB-65 criteria? Pneumonia
Confusion
How to interpret? Urea >7
RR >30
BP - sys <90, dia <60
Age ≥ 65
0-1 = low risk, outpt tx
2 = intermediate risk, consider inpt
>2 = high risk, ICU
1st line inpatient PNA Tx? Fluoroquinolone
1st line outpatient typical PNA Tx?
Amoxicillin
1st line outpatient atypical PNA Tx?
Azithromycin
What is the SIRS criteria? Temp ≥38 or ≤36
How to interpret? HR >90
RR >20 (or PaCO2 <32)
WBC >12000 or <4000
2+ = SIRS
2+ & source discovered = SEPSIS
2+ & source & end organ damage or HypoTN = SEVERE SEPSIS
2+ & source & HypoTN & Not responding to fluids = SEPTIC SHOCK
What is Light's criteria? Pleural Effusion
Exudative if:
Common Causes of Exudate (7)? - Fluid protein >0.5 (pleural/serum)
- Fluid LDH >0.6 (or >2/3 ULN)
Common Causes of Transudate (~4)? Transudative if opposite
Exudate: AI Dz, Esophageal Rupture, Infection, Malignancy, Pancreatitis, Post-
CABG, PE
Transudate: CHF, Constrictive Pericarditis, Hypoalbuminemia (cirrhosis,
nephrotic synd)
,What is Well's Criteria? Pulmonary Embolism
- S&S of DVT (3)
How to interpret? - No Alternative Dx (3)
- HR >100 (1.5)
- Immobile ≥ 3 days or Surg in last 4wk (1.5)
- Previous DVT or PE (1.5)
- Hemoptysis (1)
- Malignancy w/active Tx in last 6mo or palliative care (1)
If the score is 4+ then get a CT angio
COPD - O2 sat <88
Long term oxygen therapy criteria? - PaO2 <55
Glasgow Coma Scale: if ≤ ___ then intubate? Glasgow Coma Scale: if ≤ 8 then intubate?
Ascites analysis: • 250+ Neutrophils
• ____+ Neutrophils = spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
• Cirrhosis + Ascites
• Usually seen in patients with which chronic condition?
• Diffuse Abdominal Pain + Fever + Leukocytosis
• What other Symptoms usually seen?
What is the SAAG score? Serum to Ascites Albumin Gradient
How is it calculated?
How is it interpreted? Subtract the ascites albumin concentration from the serum albumin
concentration
>1.1 means that there is portal HTN
- TIMI score - Those with unstable angina or NSTEMI
For Whom?
How is it calculated? 1 point each:
How is it interpreted? • > 65 yo
• > 3 RF for CAD
• Use of ASA in last 7d
• Known CAD (w/stenosis ≥50%)
• > 1 episode of rest angina in <24hr
• ST segment deviation
• Elevated cardiac enzymes
Score 0-2: do a stress test
Score ≥ 3: High risk, treat aggressively (cath)
Stable angina If the pt has abnormalities on EKG.
When do you do echo or nuclear perfusion stress test?
, 1st line Tx for stable Angina (3)? • Nitro
• ASA
• BB
1st line Tx for unstable Angina (9)? Morphine
O2
Nitro
ASA (1st)
Clopedogril
BB
ACE-I
Statin
Hep
What do you call øSTΔ on EKG + Chest Pain + øelevated Unstable Angina
trops?
What do you do for someone w/chest pain, unstable still go to cath
vitals, you suspect MI but don't have proof?
2 indications for CABG? • 3 vessels Dz
• Proximal LAD w/70%+ occlusion
How do you test for prinzmetal angina? EKGΔ or angio spasm when given ergotomine or Ach
How do you treat prinzmetal angina? CCB or Nitro
In which kind of MI do you not give Nitro & why? Inferior MI (II, III, aVF) b/c this'll be a RV MI which will mean less blood to L
heart. So super hypoTN
(give fluids instead)
What is 1st line Tx for cardiogenic shock? dobutamine (β1 agonist inotrope)
What is 1st line Tx for cardiogenic shock d/t Inferior MI?
atropine (b/c shock is d/t injury of SA node)
What is 1st line Tx for septic shock (3)? IV ABX + IV Fluids ± Vasopressors
