NEW RPSGT FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
PREP MATERIAL
●● Score a RERA when
Answer: 1. Breathing for at least 10 seconds shows increasing RIP
amplitudes or flattening of the nasal pressure signal followed by an
arousal
2. The event is not an apnea or hypopneas
●● Hypoventilation is scored when
Answer: 1. End-tidal CO2 or transuctaneous CO2 rises 10 mmHG above
the level recorded with patient awake and lying down
2. Low oxygen desaturation is not enough to score hypoventilation
●● Score Cheyne Stokes breathing when
Answer: There are at least 3 cycles of rising and falling breathing
amplitude and at least 1 of the following:
1. 5 or more central apneas/hr of sleep
2. The rising and falling pattern lasts at least 10 min
●● EEG Arousal
,Answer: -An abrupt shift in EEG frequency, which may include theta,
alpha, or frequencies > than 16 HZ but not spindles, that lasts for 3 or
more secs.
-Must follow at least 10 secs of sleep
-Arousals may be scored from either central or occipital channels
●● Arousals in REM require an increased in
Answer: Chin tone
●● Physiological changes that may accompany Arousals
Answer: -Increased in EEG frequency
-K complex followed by a shift in EEG frequency
-Increased in chin tone
-Hypernea
-Increase in heart rate
-Eye blinks
-Evidence of body movement
-Electrode popping
●● Hypernea
Answer: Increases in breathing rate or volume
●● Score a hypopnea when(1)
,Answer: 1. The nasal pressure amplitude drops by at least 30% of
baseline
2. The duration of the drop is at least 10 secs.
3. There is at least a 4% desaturation
4. At least 90% of the event duration meets the amplitude criteria
●● Score a hypopnea when (2)
Answer: 1. The nasal pressure amplitude drops by at least 50% of
baseline
2. The duration of the drop is at least 10 secs
3. There is at least a 3% desaturation or an arousal
4. At least 90% of the event duration meets the amplitude criteria
●● Sino-Atrial Node
Answer: -The dominant pacemaker of the heart
-Sends an electrical impulse at regular intervals through the atria that
causes them to depolarize and contract (p-wave)
●● Atrio-Ventricular Node
Answer: -When the electrical impulse reaches the the AV node it is
slowed, creating a pause, this pause allows the ventricles to have enough
time to full up with blood (represented by the flat line following the p-
wave)
, ●● Bundle of HIS and Bundle Branches
Answer: -After being slowed by the AV node, the electrical impulse
rapidly moves through the Bundle of HIS and then splits
-The impulse then travels down the left and right bundle branches to the
terminal ends of Purkinje Fibers and causes the ventricular myocardium
to depolarize and contract
-Represented by the QRS complex
●● Repolarization
Answer: After a contraction, the heart muscle cells need time to return to
their original state in order to initiate a new contraction, this time
required to complete this action is the repolarization phase, represented
by the ST segment and the T wave
●● Arrhythmia
Answer: An abnormal cardiac cycle conduction pattern
●● Causes of arrhythmias
Answer: -Damage to tissues of the conduction system
-Replacement of the conduction tissue
-Abnormal levels of electrolytes involved in conduction
-Hypoxemia
●● Hypoxemia
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
PREP MATERIAL
●● Score a RERA when
Answer: 1. Breathing for at least 10 seconds shows increasing RIP
amplitudes or flattening of the nasal pressure signal followed by an
arousal
2. The event is not an apnea or hypopneas
●● Hypoventilation is scored when
Answer: 1. End-tidal CO2 or transuctaneous CO2 rises 10 mmHG above
the level recorded with patient awake and lying down
2. Low oxygen desaturation is not enough to score hypoventilation
●● Score Cheyne Stokes breathing when
Answer: There are at least 3 cycles of rising and falling breathing
amplitude and at least 1 of the following:
1. 5 or more central apneas/hr of sleep
2. The rising and falling pattern lasts at least 10 min
●● EEG Arousal
,Answer: -An abrupt shift in EEG frequency, which may include theta,
alpha, or frequencies > than 16 HZ but not spindles, that lasts for 3 or
more secs.
-Must follow at least 10 secs of sleep
-Arousals may be scored from either central or occipital channels
●● Arousals in REM require an increased in
Answer: Chin tone
●● Physiological changes that may accompany Arousals
Answer: -Increased in EEG frequency
-K complex followed by a shift in EEG frequency
-Increased in chin tone
-Hypernea
-Increase in heart rate
-Eye blinks
-Evidence of body movement
-Electrode popping
●● Hypernea
Answer: Increases in breathing rate or volume
●● Score a hypopnea when(1)
,Answer: 1. The nasal pressure amplitude drops by at least 30% of
baseline
2. The duration of the drop is at least 10 secs.
3. There is at least a 4% desaturation
4. At least 90% of the event duration meets the amplitude criteria
●● Score a hypopnea when (2)
Answer: 1. The nasal pressure amplitude drops by at least 50% of
baseline
2. The duration of the drop is at least 10 secs
3. There is at least a 3% desaturation or an arousal
4. At least 90% of the event duration meets the amplitude criteria
●● Sino-Atrial Node
Answer: -The dominant pacemaker of the heart
-Sends an electrical impulse at regular intervals through the atria that
causes them to depolarize and contract (p-wave)
●● Atrio-Ventricular Node
Answer: -When the electrical impulse reaches the the AV node it is
slowed, creating a pause, this pause allows the ventricles to have enough
time to full up with blood (represented by the flat line following the p-
wave)
, ●● Bundle of HIS and Bundle Branches
Answer: -After being slowed by the AV node, the electrical impulse
rapidly moves through the Bundle of HIS and then splits
-The impulse then travels down the left and right bundle branches to the
terminal ends of Purkinje Fibers and causes the ventricular myocardium
to depolarize and contract
-Represented by the QRS complex
●● Repolarization
Answer: After a contraction, the heart muscle cells need time to return to
their original state in order to initiate a new contraction, this time
required to complete this action is the repolarization phase, represented
by the ST segment and the T wave
●● Arrhythmia
Answer: An abnormal cardiac cycle conduction pattern
●● Causes of arrhythmias
Answer: -Damage to tissues of the conduction system
-Replacement of the conduction tissue
-Abnormal levels of electrolytes involved in conduction
-Hypoxemia
●● Hypoxemia
