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require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4.
Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories
and frameworks but also to keep up-to-date with current business trends. Case studies from leading businesses can be helpful, as they
Terms in this set (235)
Stimulant Medications: -Low risk of adverse effects
Methylphenidate -Available formulations:
• Ritalin - available in immediate release (IR) and
extended release (XR) available in beads that may
be sprinkled on food for children who cannot
swallow pills
• Concerta biphasic - combined immediate and
delayed release in one medication
• Daytrana - patch applied in AM and removed
after 9 hour
Stimulant Medications: -Available in IR and ER
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) -More potent than Ritalin
-High risk of adverse effects
Stimulant Medications: Amphetamine -available in orally disintegrating ER formula for
(Adzenys) children who cannot swallow pills
-Avoid prescribing when an MAOI has been used
within 14 days
, Stimulant Medications: -Available in IR and extended-release formulations
Dextroamphetamine (Adderall) -Often dosed in morning (IR or XR) with an evening
or evening prn (IR) dose if med effects diminish
prior to end of school, study or the workday
-Most abused & diverted prescription stimulant
Stimulant Medications: -Biologically inactive until metabolized by the
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) body (Prodrug)
-Less abuse & diversion potential than other
stimulants
-Higher-cost medication
Non-stimulant medication: -Noradrenergic (NRI)
Atomoxetine (Strattera) -Initial drug of choice for adults with ADHD
-no abuse potential
-tolerated well when prescribed in BID dosing
-appropriate choice for comorbid substance abuse
-may augment the effects of antidepressants &
antianxiety meds
-can be dosed at bedtime if fatigue is noted
-unlikely to worsen tics
require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their
understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and practical application.
Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but also to keep up-to-date with current business trends. Case studies from leading businesses can be helpful, as they
, Non-stimulant medication: Clonidine -α 2 agonist
• May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant
medications
-enhances precortical function for better mental
focus
-appetite neutral
-may help with sleep disturbances, administer at
bedtime
-adverse effects:
• sedation, brain fog
-monitor of BP closely during initial titration, risk of
hypotension
-tapered to avoid rebound hypertension post
discontinuation
Non-stimulant medication: -α 2 agonist
guanfacine • May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant
medications
-may also be used for children with tics, sleep
disturbances, or aggression
-tolerability & convenience enhanced by once-
daily oral controlled-release formulation
-adverse effects:
• sedation, headache, decreased appetite
-reduced side-effect profile comparable to
clonidine
-bedtime administration to avoid daytime sedation
Non-stimulant medication: -Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) -off-label use for ADHD in adults
-appropriate for clients with concurrent depression
or tobacco abuse
require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their
understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and practical application.
Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but also to keep up-to-date with current business trends. Case studies from leading businesses can be helpful, as they
, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity -one of the most common neuropsychiatric
disorder (ADHD) disorders
-approximately 9.4% of children in the U.S.
-more frequently males than females, ratio 2:1
-symptom burden mild to severe
-characterized by consistent pattern of inattention
&/or hyperactivity & impulsivity that interferes with
functioning & development
• affect development of proper cognitive,
behavioral, emotional, social, & academic function
-hyperactivity and impulsivity ADHD subtype
symptoms: excessive fidgeting or talking, feelings
of restlessness and impatience, frequent
interruption, and difficultly playing quietly
-inattentive ADHD subtype symptoms: difficulty
organizing tasks, maintaining a routine, and paying
attention to detail
• may not be distinguishable until eight or nine
years of age
-primarily disrupts neuronal connections within the
frontal lobe & prefrontal cortex
Without early identification and academic performance
proper treatment, ADHD can cause family stress
disruptions in: difficulties in social relationships
accidental injuries
ADHD is associated with: increased rates of depression & SUD
require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their
understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and practical
application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but also to keep up-to-date with current business trends. Case studies from leading businesses can be
helpful, as they