NURS 497 exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Question: What is the cause of the hyperpigmentation seen in people with Cushing's syndrome? a.
Permissive effects of aldosterone when cortisol levels are altered b. Abnormal levels of cortisol c.
Hypersensitivity of melanocytes with sun exposure d. Elevated levels of ACTH
Correct Answer: d. Elevated levels of ACTH
Question: Which of the following alterations would the nurse expect to find in a patient with untreated
Cushing's disease or syndrome? a. Bradycardia b. Hypertension c. Hyperkalemia d. Tachypnea
Correct Answer: b. Hypertension
Question: What is the earliest manifestation of diabetes-induced kidney dysfunction? a. Polyuria b.
Glycosuria c. Microalbuminuria d. Decreased glomerular filtration
Correct Answer: c. Microalbuminuria
Question: A 65-year-old patient has been taking prednisone to manage symptoms of Crohn's disease for the
past several years. When following up with her gastroenterologist, she was diagnosed with Cushing
syndrome. Which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe that would support this diagnosis?
select all that apply a. Elevated serum ACTH level b. Excess bruising on arms and legs c. Watery bowel
movements d. Abdominal cramping e. Hypokalemia f. Hypoglycemia g. Muscle weakness in legs and arms
h. Increased facial hair
Correct Answer: b. Excess bruising on arms and legs e. Hypokalemia g. Muscle weakness in legs and
arms h. Increased facial hair
Question: What is the purpose of the glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) test? a. Checking for
hyperlipidemia b. Measuring fasting glucose levels c. Monitoring long-term serum glucose control d.
Detecting acute complications of diabetes
Correct Answer: c. Monitoring long-term serum glucose control
Question: A patient is admitted to the medical unit for complications of long-term, poorly controlled type 2
DM. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in addition to elevated glucose? a. Metabolic
alkalosis b. Atherosclerosis c. Anemia d. Elevated liver enzymes
Correct Answer: b. Atherosclerosis
Question: Which physical feature supports the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome? a. Pallor and swollen
tongue b. Weight loss and muscle wasting c. Truncal obesity and moon face d. Depigmented skin and
eyelid lag
Correct Answer: c. Truncal obesity and moon face
Question: What causes the chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM? a.
Hyperglycemia b. Pancreatic changes c. Ketone toxicity d. Hyperinsulinemia
Correct Answer: a. Hyperglycemia
Question: A nurse checks laboratory results as both Cushing's disease and Addison's disease can manifest
with elevated levels of
, Correct Answer: a. aldosterone. b. estrogen. c. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). d. ADH.: c.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Question: What is the most common cause of Addison's disease? a. An autoimmune reaction b. Cancer c.
Viral infection of the pituitary gland d. Dietary deficiency of sodium and potassium
Correct Answer: a. An autoimmune reaction
Question: A client has a history of daily bourbon drinking for the past 6 months. He is brought to an
emergency department by family, who report that his last drink was 1 hour ago. It is now 12 midnight.
When should a nurse expect this client to exhibit withdrawal symptoms? A. At the beginning of the third
day B. Shortly after a 24-hour period C. Withdrawal is individualized and cannot be predicted. D. Between
3 a.m. and 11 a.m.
Correct Answer: D. Between 3 a.m. and 11 a.m.
Question: a client is admitted for alcohol detoxification. During detoxification, which symptoms should the
nurse expect to assess? A. Gross tremors, delirium, hyperactivity, and hypertension B. Disorientation,
peripheral neuropathy, and hypotension C. Hallucinations, fine tremors, confabulation, and orthostatic
hypotension D. Oculogyric crisis, amnesia, ataxia, and hypertension
Correct Answer: A. Gross tremors, delirium, hyperactivity, and hypertension
Question: A military veteran is being assessed for outpatient therapy after he reports having problems at
home and at work. Which of the symptoms that he describes are commonly associated with PTSD? Select
all that apply. A. "I've been having intense pain in the leg where I sustained a combat wound." B. "I slapped
my wife when she was trying to hug me." C. "I've been drinking and smoking pot daily." D. "I've been
having trouble sleeping and I think I've been having nightmares but I can't remember them."
Correct Answer: B. "I slapped my wife when she was trying to hug me." C. "I've been drinking and
smoking pot daily." D. "I've been having trouble sleeping and I think I've been having nightmares but I can't
remember them."
Question: A nurse has taken report for the evening shift on an adolescent inpatient unit. Which client
should the nurse address first? A. A client diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder being sexually
inappropriate with staff B. A client diagnosed with conduct disorder who is demanding special attention
from staff C. A client diagnosed with attention-deficit disorder who has a history of self-mutilation D. A
client diagnosed with conduct disorder who is verbally abusing a peer in the milieu
Correct Answer: D. A client diagnosed with conduct disorder who is verbally abusing a peer in the milieu
Question: A client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa stopped eating 5 months ago and lost 25% of total
body weight. Which subjective client response would the nurse assess to support this medical diagnosis? A.
"I am losing lots of hair. It's coming out in handfuls." B. "I do not use any laxatives or diuretics to lose
weight." C. "I don't know why people are worried. I need to lose this weight." D. "I know that I am thin, but
I refuse to be fat!"
Correct Answer: C. "I don't know why people are worried. I need to lose this weight."
Question: A nursing instructor presents a case study in which a 3-year-old child is in constant motion and
is unable to sit still during story time. The instructor asks a student to evaluate this child's behavior. Which
student response indicates an appropriate evaluation of the situation? A. "This child has symptoms of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." B. "This child has symptoms of the early stages of autistic
disorder." C. "This child's behavior indicates possible symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder." D. "This
Answers
Question: What is the cause of the hyperpigmentation seen in people with Cushing's syndrome? a.
Permissive effects of aldosterone when cortisol levels are altered b. Abnormal levels of cortisol c.
Hypersensitivity of melanocytes with sun exposure d. Elevated levels of ACTH
Correct Answer: d. Elevated levels of ACTH
Question: Which of the following alterations would the nurse expect to find in a patient with untreated
Cushing's disease or syndrome? a. Bradycardia b. Hypertension c. Hyperkalemia d. Tachypnea
Correct Answer: b. Hypertension
Question: What is the earliest manifestation of diabetes-induced kidney dysfunction? a. Polyuria b.
Glycosuria c. Microalbuminuria d. Decreased glomerular filtration
Correct Answer: c. Microalbuminuria
Question: A 65-year-old patient has been taking prednisone to manage symptoms of Crohn's disease for the
past several years. When following up with her gastroenterologist, she was diagnosed with Cushing
syndrome. Which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe that would support this diagnosis?
select all that apply a. Elevated serum ACTH level b. Excess bruising on arms and legs c. Watery bowel
movements d. Abdominal cramping e. Hypokalemia f. Hypoglycemia g. Muscle weakness in legs and arms
h. Increased facial hair
Correct Answer: b. Excess bruising on arms and legs e. Hypokalemia g. Muscle weakness in legs and
arms h. Increased facial hair
Question: What is the purpose of the glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) test? a. Checking for
hyperlipidemia b. Measuring fasting glucose levels c. Monitoring long-term serum glucose control d.
Detecting acute complications of diabetes
Correct Answer: c. Monitoring long-term serum glucose control
Question: A patient is admitted to the medical unit for complications of long-term, poorly controlled type 2
DM. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in addition to elevated glucose? a. Metabolic
alkalosis b. Atherosclerosis c. Anemia d. Elevated liver enzymes
Correct Answer: b. Atherosclerosis
Question: Which physical feature supports the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome? a. Pallor and swollen
tongue b. Weight loss and muscle wasting c. Truncal obesity and moon face d. Depigmented skin and
eyelid lag
Correct Answer: c. Truncal obesity and moon face
Question: What causes the chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM? a.
Hyperglycemia b. Pancreatic changes c. Ketone toxicity d. Hyperinsulinemia
Correct Answer: a. Hyperglycemia
Question: A nurse checks laboratory results as both Cushing's disease and Addison's disease can manifest
with elevated levels of
, Correct Answer: a. aldosterone. b. estrogen. c. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). d. ADH.: c.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Question: What is the most common cause of Addison's disease? a. An autoimmune reaction b. Cancer c.
Viral infection of the pituitary gland d. Dietary deficiency of sodium and potassium
Correct Answer: a. An autoimmune reaction
Question: A client has a history of daily bourbon drinking for the past 6 months. He is brought to an
emergency department by family, who report that his last drink was 1 hour ago. It is now 12 midnight.
When should a nurse expect this client to exhibit withdrawal symptoms? A. At the beginning of the third
day B. Shortly after a 24-hour period C. Withdrawal is individualized and cannot be predicted. D. Between
3 a.m. and 11 a.m.
Correct Answer: D. Between 3 a.m. and 11 a.m.
Question: a client is admitted for alcohol detoxification. During detoxification, which symptoms should the
nurse expect to assess? A. Gross tremors, delirium, hyperactivity, and hypertension B. Disorientation,
peripheral neuropathy, and hypotension C. Hallucinations, fine tremors, confabulation, and orthostatic
hypotension D. Oculogyric crisis, amnesia, ataxia, and hypertension
Correct Answer: A. Gross tremors, delirium, hyperactivity, and hypertension
Question: A military veteran is being assessed for outpatient therapy after he reports having problems at
home and at work. Which of the symptoms that he describes are commonly associated with PTSD? Select
all that apply. A. "I've been having intense pain in the leg where I sustained a combat wound." B. "I slapped
my wife when she was trying to hug me." C. "I've been drinking and smoking pot daily." D. "I've been
having trouble sleeping and I think I've been having nightmares but I can't remember them."
Correct Answer: B. "I slapped my wife when she was trying to hug me." C. "I've been drinking and
smoking pot daily." D. "I've been having trouble sleeping and I think I've been having nightmares but I can't
remember them."
Question: A nurse has taken report for the evening shift on an adolescent inpatient unit. Which client
should the nurse address first? A. A client diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder being sexually
inappropriate with staff B. A client diagnosed with conduct disorder who is demanding special attention
from staff C. A client diagnosed with attention-deficit disorder who has a history of self-mutilation D. A
client diagnosed with conduct disorder who is verbally abusing a peer in the milieu
Correct Answer: D. A client diagnosed with conduct disorder who is verbally abusing a peer in the milieu
Question: A client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa stopped eating 5 months ago and lost 25% of total
body weight. Which subjective client response would the nurse assess to support this medical diagnosis? A.
"I am losing lots of hair. It's coming out in handfuls." B. "I do not use any laxatives or diuretics to lose
weight." C. "I don't know why people are worried. I need to lose this weight." D. "I know that I am thin, but
I refuse to be fat!"
Correct Answer: C. "I don't know why people are worried. I need to lose this weight."
Question: A nursing instructor presents a case study in which a 3-year-old child is in constant motion and
is unable to sit still during story time. The instructor asks a student to evaluate this child's behavior. Which
student response indicates an appropriate evaluation of the situation? A. "This child has symptoms of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." B. "This child has symptoms of the early stages of autistic
disorder." C. "This child's behavior indicates possible symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder." D. "This
