NUR 4090 Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Question: pharmacogenomics
Correct Answer: the study of how a person metabolizes medications based on his or her genetic makeup
Question: when conducting a genetic assessment, the nurse should...
Correct Answer: obtain a three-generation family history
Question: ventilation
Correct Answer: the process of bringing in O2 (inhalation)
Question: perfusion
Correct Answer: are the tissues receiving oxygenated blood? -strength of myocardium -MAP -patency of
the vessels -circulating volume
Question: shunt
Correct Answer: perfusion without ventilation -blockage in airway (secretions, blood, fluid)
Question: dead space
Correct Answer: ventilation without perfusion -blockage in circulatory system (PE, DVT)
Question: arterial blood gas
Correct Answer: measures adequacy of alveolar ventilation how well the lungs are bringing in O2 and
excreting CO2
Question: mixed venous blood gas (SVO2)
Correct Answer: measures tissue oxygen delivery can determine if cardiac output and oxygen delivery is
high enough to meet pts demands drawn from pulmonary catheter
Question: normal pH
Correct Answer: 7.35-7.45
Question: normal PO2 (mmHg)
Correct Answer: >80 mmHg
Question: normal PCO2 (mmHg)
Correct Answer: 35-45
Question: normal HCO3 (mEq/L)
Correct Answer: 22-26
Question: normal SaO2
Correct Answer: >94%
Question: why is venous blood more acidic than arterial blood?
Correct Answer: it carries more CO2 (more waste excreted by the cells)
, Question: what does it mean if the SVO2 is greater than 100?
Correct Answer: TOO MUCH OXYGEN; needs to be weaned down
Question: normal SVO2
Correct Answer: 65-75 Update
Question: types of blunt chest trauma (3)
Correct Answer: -sternal/rib fractures -flail chest -pulmonary contusion
Question: penetrating chest trauma
Correct Answer: -gunshot/stab wounds -pneumothorax -hemothorax -cardiac tamponade -subcutaneous
emphysema
Question: s/s rib/sternal fracture
Correct Answer: -anterior chest pain -tenderness -ecchymosis -swelling
Question: treatment rib/sternal fracture
Correct Answer: -no "real treatment," manage symptoms -chest binder -pain relief; PCA pump, ice,
analgesia, intercostal nerve block
Question: flail chest
Correct Answer: -complication of rib fracture -3 or more continuous ribs all fractured at 2+ places -AKA
free-floating rib fragments
Question: s/s flail chest
Correct Answer: -paradoxical chest movement -severe pain -atelectasis -dead space (ventilation w/out
perfusion) -potential respiratory acidosis
Question: pulmonary contusion (bruised lung)
Correct Answer: -bruise on lung tissue w/ localized edema -accumulation of blood in the bronchioles &
chest wall -mortality rate 50%
Question: s/s pulmonary contusion
Correct Answer: -hypoxia -BLOODY SPUTUM -co2 retention -decreased breath sounds **mirrors
ARDS = cyanosis, agitation, productive cough w/ bloody secretions** Update
Question: simple/closed pneumothorax
Correct Answer: -air enters pleural space via a breach in the parietal or visceral pleura -may occur
spontaneously in a healthy person r/t air-filled bleb **PLEURAL CAVITY PRESSURE IS LESS THAN
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE**
Question: tension pneumothorax
Correct Answer: -air drawn into the pleural space via small hole in chest wall -air that enters the pleural
cavity is trapped (positive pressure increases) -one-way valve; the air that enters cannot escape -causes
mediastinal shift to the unaffected side (trachea will NOT BE MIDLINE) **PLEURAL CAVITY
PRESSURE IS GREATER THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE**
Question: tension pneumothorax s/s
Correct Answer: -jugular venous distention -hypotension -tracheal deviation -tachypnea
Answers
Question: pharmacogenomics
Correct Answer: the study of how a person metabolizes medications based on his or her genetic makeup
Question: when conducting a genetic assessment, the nurse should...
Correct Answer: obtain a three-generation family history
Question: ventilation
Correct Answer: the process of bringing in O2 (inhalation)
Question: perfusion
Correct Answer: are the tissues receiving oxygenated blood? -strength of myocardium -MAP -patency of
the vessels -circulating volume
Question: shunt
Correct Answer: perfusion without ventilation -blockage in airway (secretions, blood, fluid)
Question: dead space
Correct Answer: ventilation without perfusion -blockage in circulatory system (PE, DVT)
Question: arterial blood gas
Correct Answer: measures adequacy of alveolar ventilation how well the lungs are bringing in O2 and
excreting CO2
Question: mixed venous blood gas (SVO2)
Correct Answer: measures tissue oxygen delivery can determine if cardiac output and oxygen delivery is
high enough to meet pts demands drawn from pulmonary catheter
Question: normal pH
Correct Answer: 7.35-7.45
Question: normal PO2 (mmHg)
Correct Answer: >80 mmHg
Question: normal PCO2 (mmHg)
Correct Answer: 35-45
Question: normal HCO3 (mEq/L)
Correct Answer: 22-26
Question: normal SaO2
Correct Answer: >94%
Question: why is venous blood more acidic than arterial blood?
Correct Answer: it carries more CO2 (more waste excreted by the cells)
, Question: what does it mean if the SVO2 is greater than 100?
Correct Answer: TOO MUCH OXYGEN; needs to be weaned down
Question: normal SVO2
Correct Answer: 65-75 Update
Question: types of blunt chest trauma (3)
Correct Answer: -sternal/rib fractures -flail chest -pulmonary contusion
Question: penetrating chest trauma
Correct Answer: -gunshot/stab wounds -pneumothorax -hemothorax -cardiac tamponade -subcutaneous
emphysema
Question: s/s rib/sternal fracture
Correct Answer: -anterior chest pain -tenderness -ecchymosis -swelling
Question: treatment rib/sternal fracture
Correct Answer: -no "real treatment," manage symptoms -chest binder -pain relief; PCA pump, ice,
analgesia, intercostal nerve block
Question: flail chest
Correct Answer: -complication of rib fracture -3 or more continuous ribs all fractured at 2+ places -AKA
free-floating rib fragments
Question: s/s flail chest
Correct Answer: -paradoxical chest movement -severe pain -atelectasis -dead space (ventilation w/out
perfusion) -potential respiratory acidosis
Question: pulmonary contusion (bruised lung)
Correct Answer: -bruise on lung tissue w/ localized edema -accumulation of blood in the bronchioles &
chest wall -mortality rate 50%
Question: s/s pulmonary contusion
Correct Answer: -hypoxia -BLOODY SPUTUM -co2 retention -decreased breath sounds **mirrors
ARDS = cyanosis, agitation, productive cough w/ bloody secretions** Update
Question: simple/closed pneumothorax
Correct Answer: -air enters pleural space via a breach in the parietal or visceral pleura -may occur
spontaneously in a healthy person r/t air-filled bleb **PLEURAL CAVITY PRESSURE IS LESS THAN
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE**
Question: tension pneumothorax
Correct Answer: -air drawn into the pleural space via small hole in chest wall -air that enters the pleural
cavity is trapped (positive pressure increases) -one-way valve; the air that enters cannot escape -causes
mediastinal shift to the unaffected side (trachea will NOT BE MIDLINE) **PLEURAL CAVITY
PRESSURE IS GREATER THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE**
Question: tension pneumothorax s/s
Correct Answer: -jugular venous distention -hypotension -tracheal deviation -tachypnea
