INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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Four steps in the process of statistics - answer-1. Producing Data
2. Exploratory Data Analysis
3. Probability
4. Inference
Categorical variable - answer-places individuals into one of several groups
Two types: nominal and ordinal
Quantitative Variable - answer-represents a measurement or a count
Two types: Interval and ratio
Nominal Variable - answer-categorical variables where there is no natural order among
the categories
Ordinal variable - answer-categorical variables where there is natural order among the
categories
Interval Variable - answer-a measurement or count for which it makes sense to talk
about the difference between values, but it does not make sense to talk about the ratio
between values; 0 does not represent the absence of quanitity
Ratio Variable - answer-quantitative variables for which it makes sense to talk about the
difference between values AND the ratio between values; 0 represents the absence of
quantity
, What type of variable?:
eye color - answer-nominal
What type of variable?:
socioeconomic status with categories low, med, high - answer-Ordinal
What type of variable?:
Temperature - answer-Interval
What type of variable?:
Income - answer-Ratio
Visual display and numerical summary for a single categorical variable - answer-pie
chart or bar chart
and category percentages
Visual display and numerical summary for a single quantitative variable - answer-
histogram or stemplot
and descriptive statistics
Visual display and numerical summary for C->C - answer-Two way table and conditional
percentages
Visual display and numerical summary for C->Q - answer-Side by side box plots and
descriptive statistics
Visual display and numerical summary for Q->Q - answer-Scatterplot and correlation
coefficient (r)