NSG 3500 Exam 4 Actual Questions with Correct
Answers
When is the APGAR score assigned?
At 1 and 5 minutes after birth
What are the five categories of the APGAR score?
1. HR
2. RR
3. muscle tone
4. reflex irritability (cry)
5. generalized skin color (coloring)
When the APGAR score is <9 at 5 minutes, it is more important to stabilize the infant
than keep them with mom. T/F?
True
What does each APGAR score mean?
>7 = normal
4-6 = low
<3 = critical
What are the 4 factors that influence initiation of the first breath?
Chemical factors: hypercarbia, acidosis, and hypoxia
Sensory factors: overwhelming stimuli aids in transition
Thermal factors: drastic change in temp aids in transition
,Mechanical factors: thoracic squeeze through birth causes fluid release and replacement with
air
Why does hypoxia, hypercarbia, and acidosis trigger respirations?
- hypoxia causes blood oxygen (PO2) levels to rise and pH to drop
- carbon dioxide levels (PCO2) begin to rise and prompt the resp center within the medulla to
initiate breathing
Periodic breathing in a newborn is not usually associated with any change in skin color
or HR. How long are these pauses?
5-15 seconds (approx 3 seconds is norm? P. 298)
What are indicators of respiratory difficulties in the newborn?
- apnea (no breathing for more than 20 seconds)
- expiratory grunting
- wheezing
- nasal flaring
- retractions
- use of accessory muscles to breathe when at rest
- high RR
What are the five changes for successful cardiopulmonary adaptation?
- increased aortic pressure
- decreased venous pressure
- increased systemic pressure
- decreased pulmonary pressure
- closure of foramen ovale, DA, and DV
, What is the HR when baby is first born?
160-180 and then 30 min later it goes to 120-160
The baby cannot become hypoglycemic from heat loss. T/F?
False.
How do newborns respond to cold?
They burn brown adipose tissue since they cannot shiver to maintain warmth
What can the nurse do to regulate temperature in the newborn?
- skin-to-skin contact with mom and warm blankets
- dry head and place cap on baby
- warp baby in two warm blankets
- place unwrapped baby under radiator and monitor temp
- monitor axillary temp
- keep newborn away from drafts
babies can regulate their temp better in 24-48hrs
Blood volume is determined in large part by the timing of the umbilical cord clamping.
T/F?
True
_____________________ is seen in most newborns as oxygenated blood is shunted to
central area of the body and vital organs first.
Acrocyanosis
What are factors that affect blood glucose on newborns?
Answers
When is the APGAR score assigned?
At 1 and 5 minutes after birth
What are the five categories of the APGAR score?
1. HR
2. RR
3. muscle tone
4. reflex irritability (cry)
5. generalized skin color (coloring)
When the APGAR score is <9 at 5 minutes, it is more important to stabilize the infant
than keep them with mom. T/F?
True
What does each APGAR score mean?
>7 = normal
4-6 = low
<3 = critical
What are the 4 factors that influence initiation of the first breath?
Chemical factors: hypercarbia, acidosis, and hypoxia
Sensory factors: overwhelming stimuli aids in transition
Thermal factors: drastic change in temp aids in transition
,Mechanical factors: thoracic squeeze through birth causes fluid release and replacement with
air
Why does hypoxia, hypercarbia, and acidosis trigger respirations?
- hypoxia causes blood oxygen (PO2) levels to rise and pH to drop
- carbon dioxide levels (PCO2) begin to rise and prompt the resp center within the medulla to
initiate breathing
Periodic breathing in a newborn is not usually associated with any change in skin color
or HR. How long are these pauses?
5-15 seconds (approx 3 seconds is norm? P. 298)
What are indicators of respiratory difficulties in the newborn?
- apnea (no breathing for more than 20 seconds)
- expiratory grunting
- wheezing
- nasal flaring
- retractions
- use of accessory muscles to breathe when at rest
- high RR
What are the five changes for successful cardiopulmonary adaptation?
- increased aortic pressure
- decreased venous pressure
- increased systemic pressure
- decreased pulmonary pressure
- closure of foramen ovale, DA, and DV
, What is the HR when baby is first born?
160-180 and then 30 min later it goes to 120-160
The baby cannot become hypoglycemic from heat loss. T/F?
False.
How do newborns respond to cold?
They burn brown adipose tissue since they cannot shiver to maintain warmth
What can the nurse do to regulate temperature in the newborn?
- skin-to-skin contact with mom and warm blankets
- dry head and place cap on baby
- warp baby in two warm blankets
- place unwrapped baby under radiator and monitor temp
- monitor axillary temp
- keep newborn away from drafts
babies can regulate their temp better in 24-48hrs
Blood volume is determined in large part by the timing of the umbilical cord clamping.
T/F?
True
_____________________ is seen in most newborns as oxygenated blood is shunted to
central area of the body and vital organs first.
Acrocyanosis
What are factors that affect blood glucose on newborns?
