NSG 3500 Exam #4 Questions with Correct
Answers
What is the primary goal immediately after birth?
Assist the newborn in transitioning to extrauterine life.
What are the 5 components of the APGAR score?
-Appearance
-Pulse
-Grimace
-Activity [Muscle Tone]
-Respiration [Respiratory Effort]
When is the APGAR score performed?
At 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.
What APGAR score is considered normal?
7-10.
what APGAR score is moderate difficulty
4-6
what APGAR score means severe distress/emergency
<3
Which APGAR category is the most important?
Heart rate.
appearance
,-0=blue/pale
-1=acrocyanosis
-2=pink
Acrocyanosis is?
Normal cyanosis of the baby's hands and feet or extremities
pulse
-0=absent
-1=<100
-2=>100
grimace
-0=no response
-1=grimace
-2=cry
activity
-0=limp
-1=some flexion
-2=active
respirations
-0=absent
-1=weak/slow
-2=strong cry
What 4 factors initiate the newborn's first breath?
, Chemical, sensory, thermal, and mechanical factors.
What chemical changes stimulate the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata
causing newborn to take their first breath and begin the transition to air breathing?
-↓ oxygen (hypoxia)
-↑ CO₂ (hypercarbia)
-↓ pH (acidosis)
What part of the brain stimulates respirations?
The medulla.
What is surfactant?
-A phospholipid that decreases alveolar surface tension and prevents collapse.
-a foamy substance that lines the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, reducing surface tension
to prevent collapse during exhalation.
surfactant
-Produced by lungs.
-Decreases surface tension.
-Prevents atelectasis.
When is surfactant usually adequate?
Around 35 weeks gestation.
Why are preterm infants at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
-They have insufficient surfactant.
-When babies are born prematurely, their immature lungs cannot synthesize enough
surfactant. Without it, the alveoli collapse.
Answers
What is the primary goal immediately after birth?
Assist the newborn in transitioning to extrauterine life.
What are the 5 components of the APGAR score?
-Appearance
-Pulse
-Grimace
-Activity [Muscle Tone]
-Respiration [Respiratory Effort]
When is the APGAR score performed?
At 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.
What APGAR score is considered normal?
7-10.
what APGAR score is moderate difficulty
4-6
what APGAR score means severe distress/emergency
<3
Which APGAR category is the most important?
Heart rate.
appearance
,-0=blue/pale
-1=acrocyanosis
-2=pink
Acrocyanosis is?
Normal cyanosis of the baby's hands and feet or extremities
pulse
-0=absent
-1=<100
-2=>100
grimace
-0=no response
-1=grimace
-2=cry
activity
-0=limp
-1=some flexion
-2=active
respirations
-0=absent
-1=weak/slow
-2=strong cry
What 4 factors initiate the newborn's first breath?
, Chemical, sensory, thermal, and mechanical factors.
What chemical changes stimulate the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata
causing newborn to take their first breath and begin the transition to air breathing?
-↓ oxygen (hypoxia)
-↑ CO₂ (hypercarbia)
-↓ pH (acidosis)
What part of the brain stimulates respirations?
The medulla.
What is surfactant?
-A phospholipid that decreases alveolar surface tension and prevents collapse.
-a foamy substance that lines the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, reducing surface tension
to prevent collapse during exhalation.
surfactant
-Produced by lungs.
-Decreases surface tension.
-Prevents atelectasis.
When is surfactant usually adequate?
Around 35 weeks gestation.
Why are preterm infants at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
-They have insufficient surfactant.
-When babies are born prematurely, their immature lungs cannot synthesize enough
surfactant. Without it, the alveoli collapse.
