JR 101 Exam Questions with Correct Answers
Knee joint
It is a modified hinge joint=> this means that it doesn't just move in flexion and extension, it
also has slight internal and external rotation
Factors and soft tissue interaction to maintain stability of the knee
-Static stability= Geometry and anatomy of the joint surfaces
-Active stability= muscle contraction (muscles are in control of stability)
-Passive stability= Ligaments and menisci are in control of stability
joints of the knee
-3 compartments of the knee
-Patellofemoral and Tibiofemoral
Active stability
When we are moving and muscles are working
Passive stability
Deep flexion or resting extension
6 degree of freedom
1. Flexion/ Extension (rotation)
2. Internal/ External (rotation)
3. Varus/ Valgus (rotation)
4. Anterior/ Posterior (translation)
, 5. Medial/Lateral (translation)
6. Proximal/ Distal (translation)
What does the distal femoral cut affect in the knee?
Flexion/Extension; Varus/Valgus; Proximal/Distal
ACL
Primary restraint to anterior tibial translation
PCL
Primary restraint to posterior tibial translation
MCL
Primary restraint to Valgus angulation
LCL
Primary restraint to Varus angulation
Meniscus
Conforms to the knee join by lining the incongruent surface of the tibia to be able to move
when the femur moves providing stability
Axes of the knee
-Mechanical axis
-Transepicondylar axia
-anatomic axis
-functional axis
-whiteside's line
Knee joint
It is a modified hinge joint=> this means that it doesn't just move in flexion and extension, it
also has slight internal and external rotation
Factors and soft tissue interaction to maintain stability of the knee
-Static stability= Geometry and anatomy of the joint surfaces
-Active stability= muscle contraction (muscles are in control of stability)
-Passive stability= Ligaments and menisci are in control of stability
joints of the knee
-3 compartments of the knee
-Patellofemoral and Tibiofemoral
Active stability
When we are moving and muscles are working
Passive stability
Deep flexion or resting extension
6 degree of freedom
1. Flexion/ Extension (rotation)
2. Internal/ External (rotation)
3. Varus/ Valgus (rotation)
4. Anterior/ Posterior (translation)
, 5. Medial/Lateral (translation)
6. Proximal/ Distal (translation)
What does the distal femoral cut affect in the knee?
Flexion/Extension; Varus/Valgus; Proximal/Distal
ACL
Primary restraint to anterior tibial translation
PCL
Primary restraint to posterior tibial translation
MCL
Primary restraint to Valgus angulation
LCL
Primary restraint to Varus angulation
Meniscus
Conforms to the knee join by lining the incongruent surface of the tibia to be able to move
when the femur moves providing stability
Axes of the knee
-Mechanical axis
-Transepicondylar axia
-anatomic axis
-functional axis
-whiteside's line
