NGR 6172 Final Exam Preparation Guide [Week 9 - 14]

NGR 6172 Final Exam Preparation Guide [Week 9 - 14] - Week 9 Chapter 24: “Hyperlipidemic Agents” HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, pitavastatin Fibric acid derivatives: gemfibrozil, fenofibrate Bile Acid Sequestrants: cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam Other agents: nicotinic acid Combination products: lovastatin/niacin; ezetimibe/simvastatin Selective Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors: ezetimibe Fish Oil Supplements: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Indications: lowering lipid levels -HMG-CoA are indicated for patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL elevation and minor triglyceride elevation); LDL decrease by 20-60%, Triglyceride 10-30%, HDL 5-10% -fibric acid are for reducing the risk of CHF w/o CVD history and have low HDL and high triglycerides; adults with marked hypertriglyceridemia at risk for pancreatitis with no response to diet therapy; LDL 10%, Triglyceride 35-50%; HDL 15-30% -bile acid sequestrants are adjunct therapy to diet for LDL reduction in patients; significant LDL lowering effect but less than -statins; colesevelam is also indicated for type 2 diabetes due to its glucose-lowering effect; LDL 15-30%, HDL 0-3%, triglyceride no change -niacin patients with all forms of elevated cholesterol or triglycerides who do not respond to diet alone; most effective for increasing HDL; can be used with -statins; LDL 10-25%, Triglycerides 25-30%, HDL 15-35% -Selective cholesterol absorption inhibitors are used in monotherapy or combinations with -statins for reduction in TC, LDL, and apolipoprotein B; inhibits absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol in the small intestine leading to decrease delivery in intestinal cholesterol; reduction of hepatic cholesterol; LDL 15-18%, Triglycerides 4-6%, 2-4% -omega-3 is adjunct to diet to reduce very high triglyceride levels in adults; predominately for triglyceride lowering; LDL 17-30%, Triglyceride 40-50%, HDL 6-13% Fasting lipoprotein should be obtained every 5 years in adults, starting at 20