PRIVAAT BANKRECHT
Inhoudsopgave
Algemene informatie ..................................................................................................................... 5
Cursus .............................................................................................................................................5
Examen ............................................................................................................................................5
Overzicht..........................................................................................................................................5
Geld in het recht............................................................................................................................ 7
Functies van geld ..............................................................................................................................7
Soorten geld .....................................................................................................................................8
Giraal geld ........................................................................................................................................8
Elektronisch geld ............................................................................................................................ 11
Virtueel geld ................................................................................................................................... 13
Betaling in geld: koopkrachtvermindering ......................................................................................... 15
Betaling in geld: internationale aspecten .......................................................................................... 16
Theorievraag examen .................................................................................................................. 21
Geldrekeningen: capita selecta ................................................................................................... 22
Openen van de rekening .............................................................................................................. 22
Precontractuele informatieverplichtingen ........................................................................................ 22
Herroepingsrecht bij openen rekening .............................................................................................. 31
Witwasreglementering .................................................................................................................... 31
Risico’s ten aanzien van derden ....................................................................................................... 32
Basisbankdienst ondernemingen..................................................................................................... 33
Blokkeringsclausule ........................................................................................................................ 36
Controle rekeninginformatie en protestverplichting...................................................................... 36
Beslag op rekening ...................................................................................................................... 38
Beslag op een bankrekening ............................................................................................................ 38
Oefening ........................................................................................................................................ 41
Beëindiging rekeningovereenkomst.............................................................................................. 42
Sluiting van de rekening ................................................................................................................... 42
Enkele bijzondere toepassingen....................................................................................................... 47
1
,Betalingsdiensten – betaalfraude ................................................................................................. 48
Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 48
(niet)-toegestane betalingstransacties ......................................................................................... 48
Wanneer is een betalingstransactie niet toegestaan? ........................................................................ 48
Bewijslast ter zake van de aanwezigheid / afwezigheid instemming .................................................... 50
factuurfraude ................................................................................................................................. 51
Bankkluisfraude.............................................................................................................................. 52
Whaling .......................................................................................................................................... 52
As bij authorised push payment fraud .............................................................................................. 52
As bij authorised push payment fraud .............................................................................................. 52
Uk: authorised push payment fraud: reimbursement obligation (2024) ............................................... 53
Situering - intermezzo ..................................................................................................................... 54
Niet-toegestane betalingstransacties............................................................................................... 55
Capita selecta vervroegde terugbetaling ...................................................................................... 66
Recht op vervroegde terugbetaling ................................................................................................... 66
Wederbeleggingsvergoeding ............................................................................................................ 67
Beëindiging van kredietovereenkomsten ...................................................................................... 73
Overzicht........................................................................................................................................ 73
Ontbinding door kredietgever ...................................................................................................... 73
Ontbinding ..................................................................................................................................... 73
Ontbinding – Wanneer en hoe? ........................................................................................................ 74
Ontbinding – Verschuldigde vergoeding ............................................................................................ 77
Extra: niet betaling hypothecair krediet ............................................................................................ 79
Ontbinding: verschuldigde vergoeding ............................................................................................. 79
Ontbinding: mogelijkheid om derde aan te spreken........................................................................... 81
Oefening – EXAMEN! ....................................................................................................................... 82
Opzegging ................................................................................................................................... 84
Algemeen ....................................................................................................................................... 84
Kredietrecht – aansprakelijkheid vd kredietgever .......................................................................... 88
Aansprakelijkheid van de kredietverlener: algemeen......................................................................... 88
Kg – kn (toekenning): gemeen recht .................................................................................................. 89
Kg - kn (toekenning): consumenten- en hypothecair krediet ............................................................... 89
Kg - kn (toekenning): consumenten- en hypothecair krediet ............................................................... 91
2
, Richtlijn consumentenkrediet........................................................................................................ 100
Kg - kn (toekenning): consumenten en hypothecair krediet .............................................................. 101
Kg – kn (toekenning): kmo-financieringswet .................................................................................... 101
Kg – derden................................................................................................................................... 102
gastles: financial greenwashing ................................................................................................. 105
inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 105
Europees kader voor duurzame financiering ............................................................................... 106
Actieplan: duurzaam groei financieren (2018) ................................................................................. 106
‘Financiële greenwashing’ ......................................................................................................... 107
Gemeenschappelijke definitie ESA ................................................................................................ 107
Greenwashing / sustainabilitywashing ........................................................................................... 107
Transparantie o.g.v. EU-duurzamefinancieringskader (verkoopfase) ............................................ 108
Sfdr 2019/2088 ............................................................................................................................. 108
Toepassingsgebied sfdr ................................................................................................................. 109
Precontractuele productinformatie ................................................................................................ 109
Herziene mifid ii 2014/65/EU ......................................................................................................... 110
Geen match? ................................................................................................................................ 112
Marketingcommunicatie (promotiefase)..................................................................................... 112
Richtlijn oneerlijke handelspraktijken 2005/29 ................................................................................ 112
Richtlijn empowerment 2024/825 .................................................................................................. 112
fondsnamen ................................................................................................................................. 113
deel 2: sustainability and bank lending – assessing esg-related lender liability............................. 114
introductie ................................................................................................................................... 114
onderzoek .................................................................................................................................... 114
Deel 1: huidig Belgisch recht ......................................................................................................... 115
Deel 1: Fout .................................................................................................................................. 115
onderzoek .................................................................................................................................... 116
Deel 1: uitzondering ...................................................................................................................... 116
Deel 1: onderschrijven soft law ...................................................................................................... 116
Deel 1: presentatie als duurzame bank .......................................................................................... 119
onderzoek .................................................................................................................................... 120
Deel 1: huidig belgisch recht ......................................................................................................... 120
Deel 1: causaliteit ......................................................................................................................... 120
3
, BELEGGERSBESCHERMING ....................................................................................................... 123
INLEIDING .................................................................................................................................... 123
Rechtskader (directe bescherming) ........................................................................................... 124
Gedragsregelen ............................................................................................................................ 124
Regelen van toezicht (publiekrechtelijke bepalingen) ...................................................................... 126
Toepasselijke regelen: Informatieverplichting via beknopt informatiedocument ................................ 126
varia............................................................................................................................................. 127
gedragsregelen ......................................................................................................................... 128
toepassingsgebied ........................................................................................................................ 128
zorgplicht ..................................................................................................................................... 133
inducements ................................................................................................................................ 134
onafhankelijk beleggingsadvies ..................................................................................................... 135
Intermezzo ................................................................................................................................... 135
Onderzoeks- en informatieverplichtingen ....................................................................................... 135
Onderzoeks- en informatieverplichtingen (mifid)............................................................................. 136
Onderzoeksplicht: kaderovereenkomsten (mifid) ............................................................................ 140
Onderzoeksplicht (idd) .................................................................................................................. 140
Onderzoeksplicht (crowdfunding) .................................................................................................. 141
Onderzoeksplicht (micar) .............................................................................................................. 141
informatieplicht ............................................................................................................................ 141
Totstandkoming van de overeenkomst ........................................................................................... 142
rapporteringsverplichting .............................................................................................................. 143
Best execution .............................................................................................................................. 143
aansprakelijkheid...................................................................................................................... 144
Civielrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid ................................................................................................. 144
Administratiefrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid .................................................................................... 146
essentiële informatiedocumenten ............................................................................................. 147
kid ............................................................................................................................................... 147
Moratorium en banning.............................................................................................................. 147
moratorium .................................................................................................................................. 147
banning ........................................................................................................................................ 148
Examen .................................................................................................................................... 149
4
Inhoudsopgave
Algemene informatie ..................................................................................................................... 5
Cursus .............................................................................................................................................5
Examen ............................................................................................................................................5
Overzicht..........................................................................................................................................5
Geld in het recht............................................................................................................................ 7
Functies van geld ..............................................................................................................................7
Soorten geld .....................................................................................................................................8
Giraal geld ........................................................................................................................................8
Elektronisch geld ............................................................................................................................ 11
Virtueel geld ................................................................................................................................... 13
Betaling in geld: koopkrachtvermindering ......................................................................................... 15
Betaling in geld: internationale aspecten .......................................................................................... 16
Theorievraag examen .................................................................................................................. 21
Geldrekeningen: capita selecta ................................................................................................... 22
Openen van de rekening .............................................................................................................. 22
Precontractuele informatieverplichtingen ........................................................................................ 22
Herroepingsrecht bij openen rekening .............................................................................................. 31
Witwasreglementering .................................................................................................................... 31
Risico’s ten aanzien van derden ....................................................................................................... 32
Basisbankdienst ondernemingen..................................................................................................... 33
Blokkeringsclausule ........................................................................................................................ 36
Controle rekeninginformatie en protestverplichting...................................................................... 36
Beslag op rekening ...................................................................................................................... 38
Beslag op een bankrekening ............................................................................................................ 38
Oefening ........................................................................................................................................ 41
Beëindiging rekeningovereenkomst.............................................................................................. 42
Sluiting van de rekening ................................................................................................................... 42
Enkele bijzondere toepassingen....................................................................................................... 47
1
,Betalingsdiensten – betaalfraude ................................................................................................. 48
Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 48
(niet)-toegestane betalingstransacties ......................................................................................... 48
Wanneer is een betalingstransactie niet toegestaan? ........................................................................ 48
Bewijslast ter zake van de aanwezigheid / afwezigheid instemming .................................................... 50
factuurfraude ................................................................................................................................. 51
Bankkluisfraude.............................................................................................................................. 52
Whaling .......................................................................................................................................... 52
As bij authorised push payment fraud .............................................................................................. 52
As bij authorised push payment fraud .............................................................................................. 52
Uk: authorised push payment fraud: reimbursement obligation (2024) ............................................... 53
Situering - intermezzo ..................................................................................................................... 54
Niet-toegestane betalingstransacties............................................................................................... 55
Capita selecta vervroegde terugbetaling ...................................................................................... 66
Recht op vervroegde terugbetaling ................................................................................................... 66
Wederbeleggingsvergoeding ............................................................................................................ 67
Beëindiging van kredietovereenkomsten ...................................................................................... 73
Overzicht........................................................................................................................................ 73
Ontbinding door kredietgever ...................................................................................................... 73
Ontbinding ..................................................................................................................................... 73
Ontbinding – Wanneer en hoe? ........................................................................................................ 74
Ontbinding – Verschuldigde vergoeding ............................................................................................ 77
Extra: niet betaling hypothecair krediet ............................................................................................ 79
Ontbinding: verschuldigde vergoeding ............................................................................................. 79
Ontbinding: mogelijkheid om derde aan te spreken........................................................................... 81
Oefening – EXAMEN! ....................................................................................................................... 82
Opzegging ................................................................................................................................... 84
Algemeen ....................................................................................................................................... 84
Kredietrecht – aansprakelijkheid vd kredietgever .......................................................................... 88
Aansprakelijkheid van de kredietverlener: algemeen......................................................................... 88
Kg – kn (toekenning): gemeen recht .................................................................................................. 89
Kg - kn (toekenning): consumenten- en hypothecair krediet ............................................................... 89
Kg - kn (toekenning): consumenten- en hypothecair krediet ............................................................... 91
2
, Richtlijn consumentenkrediet........................................................................................................ 100
Kg - kn (toekenning): consumenten en hypothecair krediet .............................................................. 101
Kg – kn (toekenning): kmo-financieringswet .................................................................................... 101
Kg – derden................................................................................................................................... 102
gastles: financial greenwashing ................................................................................................. 105
inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 105
Europees kader voor duurzame financiering ............................................................................... 106
Actieplan: duurzaam groei financieren (2018) ................................................................................. 106
‘Financiële greenwashing’ ......................................................................................................... 107
Gemeenschappelijke definitie ESA ................................................................................................ 107
Greenwashing / sustainabilitywashing ........................................................................................... 107
Transparantie o.g.v. EU-duurzamefinancieringskader (verkoopfase) ............................................ 108
Sfdr 2019/2088 ............................................................................................................................. 108
Toepassingsgebied sfdr ................................................................................................................. 109
Precontractuele productinformatie ................................................................................................ 109
Herziene mifid ii 2014/65/EU ......................................................................................................... 110
Geen match? ................................................................................................................................ 112
Marketingcommunicatie (promotiefase)..................................................................................... 112
Richtlijn oneerlijke handelspraktijken 2005/29 ................................................................................ 112
Richtlijn empowerment 2024/825 .................................................................................................. 112
fondsnamen ................................................................................................................................. 113
deel 2: sustainability and bank lending – assessing esg-related lender liability............................. 114
introductie ................................................................................................................................... 114
onderzoek .................................................................................................................................... 114
Deel 1: huidig Belgisch recht ......................................................................................................... 115
Deel 1: Fout .................................................................................................................................. 115
onderzoek .................................................................................................................................... 116
Deel 1: uitzondering ...................................................................................................................... 116
Deel 1: onderschrijven soft law ...................................................................................................... 116
Deel 1: presentatie als duurzame bank .......................................................................................... 119
onderzoek .................................................................................................................................... 120
Deel 1: huidig belgisch recht ......................................................................................................... 120
Deel 1: causaliteit ......................................................................................................................... 120
3
, BELEGGERSBESCHERMING ....................................................................................................... 123
INLEIDING .................................................................................................................................... 123
Rechtskader (directe bescherming) ........................................................................................... 124
Gedragsregelen ............................................................................................................................ 124
Regelen van toezicht (publiekrechtelijke bepalingen) ...................................................................... 126
Toepasselijke regelen: Informatieverplichting via beknopt informatiedocument ................................ 126
varia............................................................................................................................................. 127
gedragsregelen ......................................................................................................................... 128
toepassingsgebied ........................................................................................................................ 128
zorgplicht ..................................................................................................................................... 133
inducements ................................................................................................................................ 134
onafhankelijk beleggingsadvies ..................................................................................................... 135
Intermezzo ................................................................................................................................... 135
Onderzoeks- en informatieverplichtingen ....................................................................................... 135
Onderzoeks- en informatieverplichtingen (mifid)............................................................................. 136
Onderzoeksplicht: kaderovereenkomsten (mifid) ............................................................................ 140
Onderzoeksplicht (idd) .................................................................................................................. 140
Onderzoeksplicht (crowdfunding) .................................................................................................. 141
Onderzoeksplicht (micar) .............................................................................................................. 141
informatieplicht ............................................................................................................................ 141
Totstandkoming van de overeenkomst ........................................................................................... 142
rapporteringsverplichting .............................................................................................................. 143
Best execution .............................................................................................................................. 143
aansprakelijkheid...................................................................................................................... 144
Civielrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid ................................................................................................. 144
Administratiefrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid .................................................................................... 146
essentiële informatiedocumenten ............................................................................................. 147
kid ............................................................................................................................................... 147
Moratorium en banning.............................................................................................................. 147
moratorium .................................................................................................................................. 147
banning ........................................................................................................................................ 148
Examen .................................................................................................................................... 149
4
