JR 101 STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
RATED A+
✔✔Kinematic - ✔✔aligning the femoral and tibial components to the patient's joint line
(resurfacing the bone surfaces to manual caliper measurements)
✔✔Mechanical - ✔✔Aligning the femoral and tibial components to the mechanical axis
of the femur and tibia, +/- 3° from neutral
✔✔How do the PKA/TKA and implants address the issue of achieving proper
alignment? - ✔✔Proper alignment and stable components help distribute forces evenly
across the knee joint reducing stress on any one area and preventing pain from uneven
wear it determined the correct position through functional and kinematic alignment.
✔✔How do these implant components work together to help restore functionality? -
✔✔The artificial components are designed to move smoothly against each other
reducing friction and pain during movement they act as your Healthy cartilage and
supporting ligaments to mirror the mechanics of your healthy knee.
✔✔partial knee arthroplasty - ✔✔indicated for patients with arthritis in one compartment,
minimal various / valgus deformity, patella well aligned, and a healthy ACL
✔✔Patella femoral replacement - ✔✔Indicated for patients with Advanced PF arthritis or
PF plus medial arthritis, patella well aligned, healthy ACL
✔✔Total knee arthroplasty - ✔✔indicated for patients with degenerative arthritis and
one or more compartments and treatments may vary for patient needs and surgeon
preference
✔✔A surgeon tells you they use a manual Gap balancing technique for a total knee
arthroplasty. What is the primary objective of this approach? - ✔✔Create equal and
symmetrical flexion and extension Spaces by adjusting femoral rotation and respect to
the patient soft tissue
✔✔true statements regarding measured resection and GAP balancing? - ✔✔Measured
resection relies on anatomical landmarks to make bone cuts, measured resection May
risk ligament and balance if bony landmarks are altered by disease, Gap balancing
often uses tensioning devices to assess ligament tension
✔✔Trans-epicondylar axis - ✔✔Functional flexion-extension axis of the knee
✔✔Posterior Condylar axis - ✔✔Reference for femoral component rotation based on
condyles
, ✔✔Whiteside line - ✔✔Vertical orientation line thorugh the femoral trochlea
✔✔anatomic axis - ✔✔mid-diaphyseal line used for femoral canal entry
✔✔Which movement is most affected / made possible by the design of the shortened,
flared posterior condyles and the Rotary arc? - ✔✔Deep Flexion
✔✔TS insert is only compatible with - ✔✔a universal baseplate
✔✔difference between CR and PS - ✔✔Cr preserves the PCL (no post), PS removes
PCL and uses cam and post design (more invasive)
✔✔Why might a surgeon prefer a ps knee for all cases even when the PCL is healthy? -
✔✔The PCL acts as a tether between the femur and tibia, some surgeons feel they can
more consistently balance a patient's knee with a PCL removed due to the increased
laxity in the flexion Gap (2 to 3 mm+) that removing the ligament provides.
✔✔Why might the TS implant be chosen? - ✔✔provides additional constraint compared
to ps, and is often used for patients with severe instability
✔✔What colors associate with the femur, tibia, and patella respectively - ✔✔Black,
Bronze, Gold
✔✔What trays do you open every case? - ✔✔Fem and tib prep and miscellaneous
✔✔What helps the surgeon set the distal femur resection depth? - ✔✔Adjustment Block
✔✔What instrument helps the surgeon set the femoral rotation - ✔✔femoral sizer
✔✔Why is the stylus always placed on the lateral side? - ✔✔the lateral condyle is the
most prominent condyle, anteriorly.The lateral condyle acts almost as a curb that keeps
the patella from jumping off the road
✔✔How do you assemble the proximal tibial jig - ✔✔Connect tibial ankle clamp to tibial
alignment distal assembly, slide tibial adjustment onto tibial alignment rod and lock
switch button, clip the cutting guide onto the adjustment housing, clip the tibial stylus
onto the assembly
✔✔What Instrument that helps a surgeon set the tibial resection depth - ✔✔Tibial stylus
✔✔If the knee is tight in extension - ✔✔we resect more distal femur.
✔✔If the knee is tight in flexion - ✔✔we increase the tibial slope
RATED A+
✔✔Kinematic - ✔✔aligning the femoral and tibial components to the patient's joint line
(resurfacing the bone surfaces to manual caliper measurements)
✔✔Mechanical - ✔✔Aligning the femoral and tibial components to the mechanical axis
of the femur and tibia, +/- 3° from neutral
✔✔How do the PKA/TKA and implants address the issue of achieving proper
alignment? - ✔✔Proper alignment and stable components help distribute forces evenly
across the knee joint reducing stress on any one area and preventing pain from uneven
wear it determined the correct position through functional and kinematic alignment.
✔✔How do these implant components work together to help restore functionality? -
✔✔The artificial components are designed to move smoothly against each other
reducing friction and pain during movement they act as your Healthy cartilage and
supporting ligaments to mirror the mechanics of your healthy knee.
✔✔partial knee arthroplasty - ✔✔indicated for patients with arthritis in one compartment,
minimal various / valgus deformity, patella well aligned, and a healthy ACL
✔✔Patella femoral replacement - ✔✔Indicated for patients with Advanced PF arthritis or
PF plus medial arthritis, patella well aligned, healthy ACL
✔✔Total knee arthroplasty - ✔✔indicated for patients with degenerative arthritis and
one or more compartments and treatments may vary for patient needs and surgeon
preference
✔✔A surgeon tells you they use a manual Gap balancing technique for a total knee
arthroplasty. What is the primary objective of this approach? - ✔✔Create equal and
symmetrical flexion and extension Spaces by adjusting femoral rotation and respect to
the patient soft tissue
✔✔true statements regarding measured resection and GAP balancing? - ✔✔Measured
resection relies on anatomical landmarks to make bone cuts, measured resection May
risk ligament and balance if bony landmarks are altered by disease, Gap balancing
often uses tensioning devices to assess ligament tension
✔✔Trans-epicondylar axis - ✔✔Functional flexion-extension axis of the knee
✔✔Posterior Condylar axis - ✔✔Reference for femoral component rotation based on
condyles
, ✔✔Whiteside line - ✔✔Vertical orientation line thorugh the femoral trochlea
✔✔anatomic axis - ✔✔mid-diaphyseal line used for femoral canal entry
✔✔Which movement is most affected / made possible by the design of the shortened,
flared posterior condyles and the Rotary arc? - ✔✔Deep Flexion
✔✔TS insert is only compatible with - ✔✔a universal baseplate
✔✔difference between CR and PS - ✔✔Cr preserves the PCL (no post), PS removes
PCL and uses cam and post design (more invasive)
✔✔Why might a surgeon prefer a ps knee for all cases even when the PCL is healthy? -
✔✔The PCL acts as a tether between the femur and tibia, some surgeons feel they can
more consistently balance a patient's knee with a PCL removed due to the increased
laxity in the flexion Gap (2 to 3 mm+) that removing the ligament provides.
✔✔Why might the TS implant be chosen? - ✔✔provides additional constraint compared
to ps, and is often used for patients with severe instability
✔✔What colors associate with the femur, tibia, and patella respectively - ✔✔Black,
Bronze, Gold
✔✔What trays do you open every case? - ✔✔Fem and tib prep and miscellaneous
✔✔What helps the surgeon set the distal femur resection depth? - ✔✔Adjustment Block
✔✔What instrument helps the surgeon set the femoral rotation - ✔✔femoral sizer
✔✔Why is the stylus always placed on the lateral side? - ✔✔the lateral condyle is the
most prominent condyle, anteriorly.The lateral condyle acts almost as a curb that keeps
the patella from jumping off the road
✔✔How do you assemble the proximal tibial jig - ✔✔Connect tibial ankle clamp to tibial
alignment distal assembly, slide tibial adjustment onto tibial alignment rod and lock
switch button, clip the cutting guide onto the adjustment housing, clip the tibial stylus
onto the assembly
✔✔What Instrument that helps a surgeon set the tibial resection depth - ✔✔Tibial stylus
✔✔If the knee is tight in extension - ✔✔we resect more distal femur.
✔✔If the knee is tight in flexion - ✔✔we increase the tibial slope
