NURS 5334 Antimicrobial UPDATED
2025/2026 Study Guide – Questions &
Correct Answers 100% Pass
Why do many medications lack pediatric dosing information in their drug labeling -
Correct Answer There is lack of evidence-based literature on the safe and effective use
of medications in children
Why are neonates at greater risk for toxicity with highly protein-bound drugs - Correct
Answer Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug
available
At what age are adult levels of renal function achieved - Correct Answer 12 months
What is the most accurate device for measuring a 2.5mL dose for a child - Correct
Answer An oral syringe
How do you help prevent medication errors - Correct Answer Write out the term daily
In pediatric patients gastric acidity does not reach adult values for - Correct Answer 2
years
Nalidixic acid may cause _______ in children - Correct Answer cartilage erosion
Altered absorption of drugs in the elderly may result in _______ drug response - Correct
Answer Delayed
You have an elderly patient taking warfarin. You add another protein binding drug.
Which of the following statements is correct? - Correct Answer You will need to
decrease dose of warfarin
In elderly, proper index of renal function is _____ - Correct Answer Glomerular filtration
rate (GFR)
List that identifies drugs with high likelihood of cause adverse effects in elderly - Correct
Answer Beers list
Primary mechanism of antibacterial action of the penicillin's involve inhibition of -
Correct Answer Cell wall synthesis by binding and inactivating penicillin binding proteins
(PBPs)
Which statement about vancomycin is accurate - Correct Answer Increases bacterial
cell wall permeability and inhibits RNA synthesis
, The mechanism of action of the tetracyclines involves - Correct Answer Inhibiting
protein synthesis
Mechanism of action of aminoglycosides - Correct Answer Causes misreading of the
code on the mRNA template to inhibit protein synthesis
Which statement is accurate regarding the antibacterial action of gentamicin - Correct
Answer Gentamicin continues to exert antibacterial effects even after plasma level
decrease below detectable levels
If a patient was treated with the macrolide erythromycin, he/she should - Correct
Answer Temporarily stop simvastatin while taking erythromycin
24 year old woman returned from vacation abroad suffering from traveler's diarrhea, and
her problem has not responded to antidiarrheal drugs. A pathogenic gram-negative
bacillus is suspected. Which drug is most likely to be effective in the treatment of this
patient - Correct Answer Ciprofloxacin
Which is accurate about fluoroquinolones - Correct Answer Fluoroquinolones have
different therapeutic applications depending on the generation
Which adverse effect is MOST LIKELY to occur with sulfonamides - Correct Answer
Skin reactions
Which is true about ciprofloxacin - Correct Answer During treatment, tendonitis and
even tendon rupture may occur
Primary reason for the use of drug combinations in treatment of TB is to - Correct
Answer Delay or prevent emergence of resistance
Which is true about fluconazole - Correct Answer Primary route of excretion is renal
55 year old man has been on anticoagulant treatment for many years and is newly
diagnosed with TB. Which of the following antimycobacterial agents would MOST
LIKELY induce cytochrome P450 enzymes in the patient's liver thereby modifying the
effects of his anticoagulant treatment - Correct Answer Rifampin
Which drug is an antiviral that can be used to decrease shedding with genital herpes -
Correct Answer Valacyclovir
First generation cephalosporins are best against which organism - Correct Answer
Gram positive cocci
Cefepime is eliminated via - Correct Answer Tubular secretion and or glomerular
filtration
2025/2026 Study Guide – Questions &
Correct Answers 100% Pass
Why do many medications lack pediatric dosing information in their drug labeling -
Correct Answer There is lack of evidence-based literature on the safe and effective use
of medications in children
Why are neonates at greater risk for toxicity with highly protein-bound drugs - Correct
Answer Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug
available
At what age are adult levels of renal function achieved - Correct Answer 12 months
What is the most accurate device for measuring a 2.5mL dose for a child - Correct
Answer An oral syringe
How do you help prevent medication errors - Correct Answer Write out the term daily
In pediatric patients gastric acidity does not reach adult values for - Correct Answer 2
years
Nalidixic acid may cause _______ in children - Correct Answer cartilage erosion
Altered absorption of drugs in the elderly may result in _______ drug response - Correct
Answer Delayed
You have an elderly patient taking warfarin. You add another protein binding drug.
Which of the following statements is correct? - Correct Answer You will need to
decrease dose of warfarin
In elderly, proper index of renal function is _____ - Correct Answer Glomerular filtration
rate (GFR)
List that identifies drugs with high likelihood of cause adverse effects in elderly - Correct
Answer Beers list
Primary mechanism of antibacterial action of the penicillin's involve inhibition of -
Correct Answer Cell wall synthesis by binding and inactivating penicillin binding proteins
(PBPs)
Which statement about vancomycin is accurate - Correct Answer Increases bacterial
cell wall permeability and inhibits RNA synthesis
, The mechanism of action of the tetracyclines involves - Correct Answer Inhibiting
protein synthesis
Mechanism of action of aminoglycosides - Correct Answer Causes misreading of the
code on the mRNA template to inhibit protein synthesis
Which statement is accurate regarding the antibacterial action of gentamicin - Correct
Answer Gentamicin continues to exert antibacterial effects even after plasma level
decrease below detectable levels
If a patient was treated with the macrolide erythromycin, he/she should - Correct
Answer Temporarily stop simvastatin while taking erythromycin
24 year old woman returned from vacation abroad suffering from traveler's diarrhea, and
her problem has not responded to antidiarrheal drugs. A pathogenic gram-negative
bacillus is suspected. Which drug is most likely to be effective in the treatment of this
patient - Correct Answer Ciprofloxacin
Which is accurate about fluoroquinolones - Correct Answer Fluoroquinolones have
different therapeutic applications depending on the generation
Which adverse effect is MOST LIKELY to occur with sulfonamides - Correct Answer
Skin reactions
Which is true about ciprofloxacin - Correct Answer During treatment, tendonitis and
even tendon rupture may occur
Primary reason for the use of drug combinations in treatment of TB is to - Correct
Answer Delay or prevent emergence of resistance
Which is true about fluconazole - Correct Answer Primary route of excretion is renal
55 year old man has been on anticoagulant treatment for many years and is newly
diagnosed with TB. Which of the following antimycobacterial agents would MOST
LIKELY induce cytochrome P450 enzymes in the patient's liver thereby modifying the
effects of his anticoagulant treatment - Correct Answer Rifampin
Which drug is an antiviral that can be used to decrease shedding with genital herpes -
Correct Answer Valacyclovir
First generation cephalosporins are best against which organism - Correct Answer
Gram positive cocci
Cefepime is eliminated via - Correct Answer Tubular secretion and or glomerular
filtration
