nurs 5461 EXAM (module 4, lesson 2, neurologic ) Questions
& Answers Graded A+ 2026
Treatment of peripheral neuropathy
general - Correct answer-depends on underlying cause,
Optimizing glycemic control can lessen the severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
drugs
treatment of peripheral neuropathy
drugs - Correct answer-tricyclic antidepressants- off-label
gabapentin and pregabalin- fda approved for post herpetic neuralgia; preagablin also approved for diabetic neuropathy
duloxetine- fda approved
tapentadol- fda approved
tramadol and opiods- off label
topical agents
rediculopathy - Correct answer-compression of spinal root as it exits spinal cord
rediculopathy
in older adults may result from - Correct answer-herniated disc
osteophyte
radiculopathy
pain characteristics - Correct answer-pain may radiate down neck, back, arm or leg
has proximal arm weakness
radiculopathy
neurologic examination may revel - Correct answer-motor and sensory defects
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,diminution of reflexes in the distribution of spinal roots
radiculopathy
what may help with diagnosis - Correct answer-mri with contrast and lumbar puncture with cytology may help
radiculopathy
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy - Correct answer-aka guillain barre syndrome
treat acutely with plasma exchange or IV immunoglobulin
radiculopathy
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy - Correct answer-is a from of AIDP and requres long term
immunotherapy
radiculopathy
patient with diabetes - Correct answer-may present with diabetic amyotrophy, a lumbosacral polyradiculitis, and plexopathy
starts with subacute onset of severe neuropathic pain in the thighs, often asymmetric, followed by proximal muscle
weakness in the legs and eventual atrophy
Myopathy in peripheral neuropathies - Correct answer-characterized by proximal muscle weakness, wasting, and
diminished or absent reflexes
can be accompanied by an increase in muscle enzymes, the myopathic pattern on electromyogram, and an abnormal muscle
biopsy
polymyositis - Correct answer-disorder of skeletal muscle
muscle biopsy sows signs of lymphocytic inflitration and usually also myocyte degeneration and regeneration
Prednisone is the treatment of choice, but should be used with caution in older adults
Myopathy
thyroid related - Correct answer-weakness and wasting are greatest in the pelvic girdle muscles, and to some extent, the
muscles of the shoulder region
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, reflexes cam be normal, and dignosis is based on the distribution of muscle weakness
Improves with successful treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder, such as hypothyroidism
myopathy
drug induced - Correct answer-example with corticosteroids, lipid-lowering agents, colchicine, procainamide
high-dose statin drugs, rare but dose-related
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Correct answer-progressive fatal neurodegenerative condition involving both upper and
lower motor neuron cell bodies
progressive weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles, often in combination with bulbar palsy and respiratory failure
als common symptoms - Correct answer-gait disturbance
falls
footdrop
weakness in grip
dysphagia
dysarthria
Electromyography demonstrates what is in ALS - Correct answer-Findings consistent with diffuse denervation and poor
recruitment of motor units
als symptoms and age - Correct answer-The incidence of motor neuron disease increases with age but reaches a plateau
around age 70,
Age remains the most clearly identifying risk factors for als
Incidence and prevalence compared to other neurodegenerative diseases are low
also presenting on exam - Correct answer-combo upper motor neuron signs; hyperreflexia, clonus extensor motor responses
lower neuron signs- weakness and atrophy of muscles
Weakness of the face and tongue is also very common
© COPYRIGHT 2026,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
& Answers Graded A+ 2026
Treatment of peripheral neuropathy
general - Correct answer-depends on underlying cause,
Optimizing glycemic control can lessen the severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
drugs
treatment of peripheral neuropathy
drugs - Correct answer-tricyclic antidepressants- off-label
gabapentin and pregabalin- fda approved for post herpetic neuralgia; preagablin also approved for diabetic neuropathy
duloxetine- fda approved
tapentadol- fda approved
tramadol and opiods- off label
topical agents
rediculopathy - Correct answer-compression of spinal root as it exits spinal cord
rediculopathy
in older adults may result from - Correct answer-herniated disc
osteophyte
radiculopathy
pain characteristics - Correct answer-pain may radiate down neck, back, arm or leg
has proximal arm weakness
radiculopathy
neurologic examination may revel - Correct answer-motor and sensory defects
© COPYRIGHT 2026,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,diminution of reflexes in the distribution of spinal roots
radiculopathy
what may help with diagnosis - Correct answer-mri with contrast and lumbar puncture with cytology may help
radiculopathy
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy - Correct answer-aka guillain barre syndrome
treat acutely with plasma exchange or IV immunoglobulin
radiculopathy
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy - Correct answer-is a from of AIDP and requres long term
immunotherapy
radiculopathy
patient with diabetes - Correct answer-may present with diabetic amyotrophy, a lumbosacral polyradiculitis, and plexopathy
starts with subacute onset of severe neuropathic pain in the thighs, often asymmetric, followed by proximal muscle
weakness in the legs and eventual atrophy
Myopathy in peripheral neuropathies - Correct answer-characterized by proximal muscle weakness, wasting, and
diminished or absent reflexes
can be accompanied by an increase in muscle enzymes, the myopathic pattern on electromyogram, and an abnormal muscle
biopsy
polymyositis - Correct answer-disorder of skeletal muscle
muscle biopsy sows signs of lymphocytic inflitration and usually also myocyte degeneration and regeneration
Prednisone is the treatment of choice, but should be used with caution in older adults
Myopathy
thyroid related - Correct answer-weakness and wasting are greatest in the pelvic girdle muscles, and to some extent, the
muscles of the shoulder region
© COPYRIGHT 2026,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, reflexes cam be normal, and dignosis is based on the distribution of muscle weakness
Improves with successful treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder, such as hypothyroidism
myopathy
drug induced - Correct answer-example with corticosteroids, lipid-lowering agents, colchicine, procainamide
high-dose statin drugs, rare but dose-related
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Correct answer-progressive fatal neurodegenerative condition involving both upper and
lower motor neuron cell bodies
progressive weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles, often in combination with bulbar palsy and respiratory failure
als common symptoms - Correct answer-gait disturbance
falls
footdrop
weakness in grip
dysphagia
dysarthria
Electromyography demonstrates what is in ALS - Correct answer-Findings consistent with diffuse denervation and poor
recruitment of motor units
als symptoms and age - Correct answer-The incidence of motor neuron disease increases with age but reaches a plateau
around age 70,
Age remains the most clearly identifying risk factors for als
Incidence and prevalence compared to other neurodegenerative diseases are low
also presenting on exam - Correct answer-combo upper motor neuron signs; hyperreflexia, clonus extensor motor responses
lower neuron signs- weakness and atrophy of muscles
Weakness of the face and tongue is also very common
© COPYRIGHT 2026,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
