PSY 101 Exam 4 V1 | PSY 101 Foundations
of Psychology | StraighterLine | Q&A with
Rationale (StraighterLine PSY101 Exam 4)
1. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which component of personality operates on
the ‘pleasure principle’?
A. The Ego
B. The Superego
C. The Id
D. The Ideal Self
Answer: C
Rationale: The id is the most primitive part of the personality and is present from birth. It
seeks immediate gratification of all needs, wants, and urges without regard for social
consequences. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state of anxiety or
tension.
2. In the context of Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which stage involves
the body’s initial response to a stressor?
A. Exhaustion
B. Alarm reaction
C. Resistance
,D. Homeostasis
Answer: B
Rationale: The alarm reaction stage is the immediate physiological response to a perceived
threat, often referred to as ‘fight or flight.’ During this phase, the body releases hormones
like adrenaline to prepare for action. This is the first of three stages in Selye’s model of how
the body handles stress.
3. Which psychological disorder is characterized by persistent, irrational fears of specific
objects or situations?
A. Panic Disorder
B. Phobic Disorder
C. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
D. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Answer: B
Rationale: A phobia involves a strong, irrational fear of something that poses little or no
actual danger. Common examples include heights, spiders, or enclosed spaces. The
individual often recognizes the fear as excessive but is unable to control the resulting
anxiety.
4. The ‘Big Five’ trait theory of personality includes which of the following dimensions?
A. Self-actualization, Ego-strength, Libido, Locus of Control, Temperament
, B. Introversion, Psychoticism, Emotionality, Stability, Logic
C. Intelligence, Ambition, Empathy, Reliability, Creativity
D. Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness
Answer: D
Rationale: The Five-Factor Model, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN, represents
the most widely accepted framework for personality research. Each trait represents a
continuum between two extremes, such as Extraversion versus Introversion. These
dimensions are believed to be relatively stable across the lifespan and across different
cultures.
5. What is the primary goal of client-centered therapy as developed by Carl Rogers?
A. To provide a supportive environment for self-discovery and growth
B. To modify maladaptive behaviors through conditioning
C. To uncover repressed childhood memories
D. To challenge and change irrational thought patterns
Answer: A
Rationale: Rogers believed that providing unconditional positive regard, empathy, and
genuineness would allow clients to heal themselves. The therapist acts as a facilitator
rather than a director of the process. This approach focuses on the client’s subjective view
of the world and their potential for self-actualization.
of Psychology | StraighterLine | Q&A with
Rationale (StraighterLine PSY101 Exam 4)
1. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which component of personality operates on
the ‘pleasure principle’?
A. The Ego
B. The Superego
C. The Id
D. The Ideal Self
Answer: C
Rationale: The id is the most primitive part of the personality and is present from birth. It
seeks immediate gratification of all needs, wants, and urges without regard for social
consequences. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state of anxiety or
tension.
2. In the context of Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which stage involves
the body’s initial response to a stressor?
A. Exhaustion
B. Alarm reaction
C. Resistance
,D. Homeostasis
Answer: B
Rationale: The alarm reaction stage is the immediate physiological response to a perceived
threat, often referred to as ‘fight or flight.’ During this phase, the body releases hormones
like adrenaline to prepare for action. This is the first of three stages in Selye’s model of how
the body handles stress.
3. Which psychological disorder is characterized by persistent, irrational fears of specific
objects or situations?
A. Panic Disorder
B. Phobic Disorder
C. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
D. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Answer: B
Rationale: A phobia involves a strong, irrational fear of something that poses little or no
actual danger. Common examples include heights, spiders, or enclosed spaces. The
individual often recognizes the fear as excessive but is unable to control the resulting
anxiety.
4. The ‘Big Five’ trait theory of personality includes which of the following dimensions?
A. Self-actualization, Ego-strength, Libido, Locus of Control, Temperament
, B. Introversion, Psychoticism, Emotionality, Stability, Logic
C. Intelligence, Ambition, Empathy, Reliability, Creativity
D. Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness
Answer: D
Rationale: The Five-Factor Model, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN, represents
the most widely accepted framework for personality research. Each trait represents a
continuum between two extremes, such as Extraversion versus Introversion. These
dimensions are believed to be relatively stable across the lifespan and across different
cultures.
5. What is the primary goal of client-centered therapy as developed by Carl Rogers?
A. To provide a supportive environment for self-discovery and growth
B. To modify maladaptive behaviors through conditioning
C. To uncover repressed childhood memories
D. To challenge and change irrational thought patterns
Answer: A
Rationale: Rogers believed that providing unconditional positive regard, empathy, and
genuineness would allow clients to heal themselves. The therapist acts as a facilitator
rather than a director of the process. This approach focuses on the client’s subjective view
of the world and their potential for self-actualization.
