Psychology
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers and Rationales | Latest
Update | Grade A+ | 2026/2027
,Anxiety A mood state characterized by a sense of foreboding, tension, and worry about a
future event.
Behavioral model Posits that abnormal behaviors are learned through conditioning, reinforcement,
and observation.
Bipolar I Disorder A diagnosis for a person who experiences at least one manic episode, often
accompanied by episodes of major depression.
Delusion of grandeur A belief that one is a famous or powerful person, such as Jesus Christ or a head
of state.
Serotonin The neurotransmitter most commonly associated with both depression and
anxiety.
Comorbidity The co-occurrence of two or more disorders in the same individual.
Hallucinations False sensory perceptions, such as hearing voices that are not there.
Trephination The practice of drilling a hole in a person's skull to release evil spirits.
Four D's Commonly used to define abnormal behavior: Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction,
and NOT Deception.
Medical model Views psychological disorders as illnesses with biological causes that can be
diagnosed, treated, and often cured.
Phobia A persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders The manual used by most mental health professionals in the Philippines and the
(DSM-5-TR) United States to diagnose psychological disorders.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder A condition where a person experiences intrusive, unwanted thoughts and feels
compelled to perform repetitive, rigid actions.
Etiology Refers to the apparent cause or origin of a disorder.
Philippe Pinel The historical figure credited with unchaining the inmates at the La Bicêtre
asylum in Paris, marking a key moment in the moral treatment movement.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) A core feature is excessive and uncontrollable worry about a number of different
events.
, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder A diagnosis for an individual who has experienced a traumatic event and
subsequently re-experiences it through nightmares and flashbacks.
Humanistic perspective Developed by theorists like Carl Rogers, views psychopathology as a result of
incongruence between one's real self and ideal self.
Conditioned stimulus A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with an
unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.
State of breathless euphoria A state in which an individual has an exaggerated belief in their own power,
characteristic of mania.
Dissociative fugue A condition where an individual experiences a sudden loss of memory for all
personal information and may travel to a new location and *********************.
Diathesis-stress model Proposes that psychological disorders result from a combination of a
predisposition (diathesis) and an environmental trigger (stress).
Somatic Symptom Disorder A diagnosis for a person who is preoccupied with having or acquiring a serious
illness, despite having no significant somatic symptoms.
Negative symptom of schizophrenia Anhedonia, or a loss of interest or pleasure in activities.
Delusion of reference The belief that unrelated events or comments are directed at oneself.
Cognitive therapy focus A cognitive therapist would be most likely to focus on helping a client identify and
challenge their irrational thoughts and beliefs.
Incidence The number of new cases of a disorder that emerge during a specific period of
time.
Negative symptoms In schizophrenia, poverty of speech (alogia) and flattened affect are considered
negative symptoms.
Social Anxiety Disorder A person who has an intense and persistent fear of being scrutinized or judged
by others in social situations is suffering from this disorder.
Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy Primarily focuses on helping clients restructure their early childhood memories.
Positive reinforcement In operant conditioning, a behavior is strengthened because it is followed by the
addition of a desirable stimulus.
Negative reinforcement In operant conditioning, a behavior is strengthened because it is followed by the
removal of an aversive stimulus.