PSYC 305: UBC Exam 3 David King
Final Exam and All Actual Answers
2026 Updated.
Cultural identity - Answer a person’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or group
- formed by internalizing beliefs, values, norms, and social practices of one's culture
sex - Answer biological categories based on physical attributes
Gender - Answer attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a
person's biological sex; socially constructed
gender identity - Answer a person’s deeply-felt inherent sense of being a man, a woman, or
an alternative gender that may not correspond with sex
gender expressions - Answer a person's presentation and expressed behavior that
communicate aspects of their gender or gender role
sexual orientation and sexual identity - Answer involve sexual or emotional attraction to
others based on their sex or gender
identity clarity - Answer being clear on your identity
- important factor in psychological health
how has indigenous identitiy clarity been affected - Answer they have a low cultural identity
clarity, which is believed to have resulted from direct attacks on indigenous culture
how does low gender identity effect trans people - Answer associated with suicide ideation
- ambiguity about sexual identity has been associated with alcohol misuse and suicidal ideation
in gay and straight women
intersectionality - Answer the study of intersecting overlapping social identities and labels;
and related systems of discrimination and oppressoin
Gender Similarity hypothesis - Answer Janet Hyde suggests that males and females are
similar on most, but not all, psych variables
,sex differences in extraversion - Answer males are more assertive (dominant, active)
females have more enthusiasm (warm, gregarious, positive)
sex differences in neuroticism - Answer females are more volatile (hostile, impulsive), and
more withrdawn (depressed, anxious, self-conscious)
sex differences in oppenness - Answer men are have more intellect (ideas)
women are more open (feelings, fantasy)
sex differences in conscientiousness - Answer neither is more industrious (self-disciplined,
achievement)
women are more orderly (ordered, methodical)
sex differences in agreeableness - Answer women are more compassionate (tenderminded,
altruistic), and more polite (modest, compliant, straightforward)
sex differences in emotionality - Answer females across cultures report experiencing more
positive AND negative emotions
- greater frequency and intensity
sex differences in nurturance - Answer females across cultures consistently score higher on
all aspects of agreeableness and tender-mindedness
- higher nurturance
sex differences in aggression - Answer by 4 or 5 boys show higher aggression
- across cultures, males are more aggressive
- also higher in dark triad
sex differences in self-esteem - Answer males have higher self-esteem across lifespan
- higher in childhood
- higher in adulthood
- on average males are always higher on self esteem than females after age of 7
, sex differenes across cultures - Answer sex differences in personality (as well as height, blood
pressure, etc.) are greater in more developed, egalitarian countries
could be because traditional societies may see traits as less important, and may restrain certain
behaviours in men
androgyny - Answer displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological
characteristics
- proposed by Sandra Bem, she suggested that androgyny was the most adaptive
Bem Sex-Role inventory - Answer S. Bem-analyzes how well you fit into your gender role by
analyzing personality as masculine, feminine, androgynous, or undifferentiated
later interpreted as the extent to which you see the world through gender biases
unmitigated agency - Answer focus on the self to the exclusion of others
- problems stem from unwillingness to attend to relationships; their negative view of others
unmitigated communion - Answer focus on others to the exclusion of self
- problems stem from tendency to subjugate one's own needs; dependence on others for
esteem
gender schema theory - Answer the theory that children learn from their cultures a concept
of what it means to be male and female and that they adjust their behavior accordingly
universal gender bias - Answer nearly 90% of people are biased against women in relation to
politics, economics, education, violence, and/or reproductive rights
gender schematization - Answer the process of forming and shaping gender schemas -
notions of what males and females should be like
gender-a-schematic - Answer not seeing the world through male and female lens
socialization theory - Answer Boys and girls become different because boys are reinforced by
parents, teachers, and media for being "masculine," and girls for being "feminine"
Final Exam and All Actual Answers
2026 Updated.
Cultural identity - Answer a person’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or group
- formed by internalizing beliefs, values, norms, and social practices of one's culture
sex - Answer biological categories based on physical attributes
Gender - Answer attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a
person's biological sex; socially constructed
gender identity - Answer a person’s deeply-felt inherent sense of being a man, a woman, or
an alternative gender that may not correspond with sex
gender expressions - Answer a person's presentation and expressed behavior that
communicate aspects of their gender or gender role
sexual orientation and sexual identity - Answer involve sexual or emotional attraction to
others based on their sex or gender
identity clarity - Answer being clear on your identity
- important factor in psychological health
how has indigenous identitiy clarity been affected - Answer they have a low cultural identity
clarity, which is believed to have resulted from direct attacks on indigenous culture
how does low gender identity effect trans people - Answer associated with suicide ideation
- ambiguity about sexual identity has been associated with alcohol misuse and suicidal ideation
in gay and straight women
intersectionality - Answer the study of intersecting overlapping social identities and labels;
and related systems of discrimination and oppressoin
Gender Similarity hypothesis - Answer Janet Hyde suggests that males and females are
similar on most, but not all, psych variables
,sex differences in extraversion - Answer males are more assertive (dominant, active)
females have more enthusiasm (warm, gregarious, positive)
sex differences in neuroticism - Answer females are more volatile (hostile, impulsive), and
more withrdawn (depressed, anxious, self-conscious)
sex differences in oppenness - Answer men are have more intellect (ideas)
women are more open (feelings, fantasy)
sex differences in conscientiousness - Answer neither is more industrious (self-disciplined,
achievement)
women are more orderly (ordered, methodical)
sex differences in agreeableness - Answer women are more compassionate (tenderminded,
altruistic), and more polite (modest, compliant, straightforward)
sex differences in emotionality - Answer females across cultures report experiencing more
positive AND negative emotions
- greater frequency and intensity
sex differences in nurturance - Answer females across cultures consistently score higher on
all aspects of agreeableness and tender-mindedness
- higher nurturance
sex differences in aggression - Answer by 4 or 5 boys show higher aggression
- across cultures, males are more aggressive
- also higher in dark triad
sex differences in self-esteem - Answer males have higher self-esteem across lifespan
- higher in childhood
- higher in adulthood
- on average males are always higher on self esteem than females after age of 7
, sex differenes across cultures - Answer sex differences in personality (as well as height, blood
pressure, etc.) are greater in more developed, egalitarian countries
could be because traditional societies may see traits as less important, and may restrain certain
behaviours in men
androgyny - Answer displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological
characteristics
- proposed by Sandra Bem, she suggested that androgyny was the most adaptive
Bem Sex-Role inventory - Answer S. Bem-analyzes how well you fit into your gender role by
analyzing personality as masculine, feminine, androgynous, or undifferentiated
later interpreted as the extent to which you see the world through gender biases
unmitigated agency - Answer focus on the self to the exclusion of others
- problems stem from unwillingness to attend to relationships; their negative view of others
unmitigated communion - Answer focus on others to the exclusion of self
- problems stem from tendency to subjugate one's own needs; dependence on others for
esteem
gender schema theory - Answer the theory that children learn from their cultures a concept
of what it means to be male and female and that they adjust their behavior accordingly
universal gender bias - Answer nearly 90% of people are biased against women in relation to
politics, economics, education, violence, and/or reproductive rights
gender schematization - Answer the process of forming and shaping gender schemas -
notions of what males and females should be like
gender-a-schematic - Answer not seeing the world through male and female lens
socialization theory - Answer Boys and girls become different because boys are reinforced by
parents, teachers, and media for being "masculine," and girls for being "feminine"
