Multivariate Statistics Questions and
Answers Graded A+
What is the difference between univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis? -
Correct answer-Univariate (or descriptive) analysis = describe data and find
patterns
Bivariate analysis = relationship between two variables
Multivariate analysis = relationship between 3 or more variables (includes at least
1 independent and 2 dependent variables)
What is a numeric/metric/interval/continuous variable? - Correct answer-
Something that can be measured (e.g., height, weight, speed etc.)
What is a categorical/nominal/ordinal variable? - Correct answer-Variable with a
set number of groups (genders, colors of the rainbow, brands of cereal etc.)
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,Only two groups = dichotomous variable (or maybe dummy variable)
What is the Total Survey Error (TSE) framework and which two concepts are
important in regard to the TSE framework? - Correct answer-TSE accounts for
different kinds of errors that occur at different stages throughout an investigation.
Two important concepts are:
1. Reliability
2. Validity
What is reliability? - Correct answer-- refers to the idea of replicability
- accounts for the degree of consistency of a measurement (for different observers,
at different times etc.)
What is validity? - Correct answer-- addresses the conclusions we can draw from a
measure
- e.g., internal validity aims at measuring the fit between the concept and the
measures
Why does the estimate of a parameter always contain a margin of error? - Correct
answer-Because we always work with sample statistics.
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, The point estimates of sample statistics can never be expected to be the exactly
equal to the value of a parameter in the population.
What is the margin of error also referred to and what is the definition of this term?
- Correct answer-The margin of error is also referred to as the confidence interval.
The confidence interval corresponds to the area where we know for a given
probability (usually 0.95) that the average or percentage of a value will be found.
The goal is to produce a range of values that is likely to contain the true population
parameter with a certain level of confidence.
The confidence value shall not contain zero!
What is the probability theory? - Correct answer-It indicates the probability of the
researcher being wrong in assuming that the findings can be generalized to the
entire population.
This risk of error is most commonly 0.05, or 5%.
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Answers Graded A+
What is the difference between univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis? -
Correct answer-Univariate (or descriptive) analysis = describe data and find
patterns
Bivariate analysis = relationship between two variables
Multivariate analysis = relationship between 3 or more variables (includes at least
1 independent and 2 dependent variables)
What is a numeric/metric/interval/continuous variable? - Correct answer-
Something that can be measured (e.g., height, weight, speed etc.)
What is a categorical/nominal/ordinal variable? - Correct answer-Variable with a
set number of groups (genders, colors of the rainbow, brands of cereal etc.)
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Only two groups = dichotomous variable (or maybe dummy variable)
What is the Total Survey Error (TSE) framework and which two concepts are
important in regard to the TSE framework? - Correct answer-TSE accounts for
different kinds of errors that occur at different stages throughout an investigation.
Two important concepts are:
1. Reliability
2. Validity
What is reliability? - Correct answer-- refers to the idea of replicability
- accounts for the degree of consistency of a measurement (for different observers,
at different times etc.)
What is validity? - Correct answer-- addresses the conclusions we can draw from a
measure
- e.g., internal validity aims at measuring the fit between the concept and the
measures
Why does the estimate of a parameter always contain a margin of error? - Correct
answer-Because we always work with sample statistics.
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, The point estimates of sample statistics can never be expected to be the exactly
equal to the value of a parameter in the population.
What is the margin of error also referred to and what is the definition of this term?
- Correct answer-The margin of error is also referred to as the confidence interval.
The confidence interval corresponds to the area where we know for a given
probability (usually 0.95) that the average or percentage of a value will be found.
The goal is to produce a range of values that is likely to contain the true population
parameter with a certain level of confidence.
The confidence value shall not contain zero!
What is the probability theory? - Correct answer-It indicates the probability of the
researcher being wrong in assuming that the findings can be generalized to the
entire population.
This risk of error is most commonly 0.05, or 5%.
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
