ATI Pharmacology
Tuberculosis and HIV
Medications Latest Practice
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A |
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1. A patient is prescribed isoniazid (INH). Which vitamin
should the nurse expect to be co-administered?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin C
Answer: C. Vitamin B6
Rationale: Isoniazid causes peripheral neuropathy due to
pyridoxine (B6) depletion; supplementation prevents nerve
damage.
,2. Which laboratory value should be monitored closely in a
patient taking rifampin?
A. Blood glucose
B. Liver function tests
C. Serum potassium
D. Platelet count
Answer: B. Liver function tests
Rationale: Rifampin is hepatotoxic and can cause elevated
liver enzymes.
3. A patient on rifampin should be taught that the drug may
cause which harmless but expected side effect?
A. Blue urine
B. Red-orange urine
C. Black stools
D. Green saliva
Answer: B. Red-orange urine
Rationale: Rifampin causes harmless red-orange discoloration
of bodily fluids.
4. Which medication is considered first-line treatment for
active tuberculosis?
A. Acyclovir
B. Isoniazid
C. Gentamicin
D. Fluconazole
,Answer: B. Isoniazid
Rationale: Isoniazid is a key first-line TB drug used in
combination therapy.
5. A client taking pyrazinamide reports joint pain. What is
the nurse’s best interpretation?
A. Normal side effect due to hyperuricemia
B. Allergic reaction
C. Renal failure
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: A. Normal side effect due to hyperuricemia
Rationale: Pyrazinamide increases uric acid levels causing
joint pain (gout-like symptoms).
6. Which drug requires eye exams due to risk of optic
neuritis?
A. Ethambutol
B. Rifampin
C. Isoniazid
D. Pyrazinamide
Answer: A. Ethambutol
Rationale: Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis leading to
vision changes.
7. What is the most important teaching for a patient taking
all TB medications?
, A. Stop medication when symptoms improve
B. Take medications for at least 6–9 months
C. Avoid all dairy products
D. Take medications only when symptoms occur
Answer: B. Take medications for at least 6–9 months
Rationale: TB requires long-term combination therapy to
prevent resistance.
8. Which HIV drug class prevents viral entry into CD4 cells?
A. NRTIs
B. Protease inhibitors
C. Fusion inhibitors
D. Integrase inhibitors
Answer: C. Fusion inhibitors
Rationale: Fusion inhibitors block HIV from entering host cells.
9. Which laboratory value is most important for a patient
taking zidovudine (AZT)?
A. WBC count
B. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
C. Calcium level
D. Amylase
Answer: B. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Rationale: Zidovudine can cause bone marrow suppression
leading to anemia.
Tuberculosis and HIV
Medications Latest Practice
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A |
Instant Download Pdf
1. A patient is prescribed isoniazid (INH). Which vitamin
should the nurse expect to be co-administered?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin C
Answer: C. Vitamin B6
Rationale: Isoniazid causes peripheral neuropathy due to
pyridoxine (B6) depletion; supplementation prevents nerve
damage.
,2. Which laboratory value should be monitored closely in a
patient taking rifampin?
A. Blood glucose
B. Liver function tests
C. Serum potassium
D. Platelet count
Answer: B. Liver function tests
Rationale: Rifampin is hepatotoxic and can cause elevated
liver enzymes.
3. A patient on rifampin should be taught that the drug may
cause which harmless but expected side effect?
A. Blue urine
B. Red-orange urine
C. Black stools
D. Green saliva
Answer: B. Red-orange urine
Rationale: Rifampin causes harmless red-orange discoloration
of bodily fluids.
4. Which medication is considered first-line treatment for
active tuberculosis?
A. Acyclovir
B. Isoniazid
C. Gentamicin
D. Fluconazole
,Answer: B. Isoniazid
Rationale: Isoniazid is a key first-line TB drug used in
combination therapy.
5. A client taking pyrazinamide reports joint pain. What is
the nurse’s best interpretation?
A. Normal side effect due to hyperuricemia
B. Allergic reaction
C. Renal failure
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: A. Normal side effect due to hyperuricemia
Rationale: Pyrazinamide increases uric acid levels causing
joint pain (gout-like symptoms).
6. Which drug requires eye exams due to risk of optic
neuritis?
A. Ethambutol
B. Rifampin
C. Isoniazid
D. Pyrazinamide
Answer: A. Ethambutol
Rationale: Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis leading to
vision changes.
7. What is the most important teaching for a patient taking
all TB medications?
, A. Stop medication when symptoms improve
B. Take medications for at least 6–9 months
C. Avoid all dairy products
D. Take medications only when symptoms occur
Answer: B. Take medications for at least 6–9 months
Rationale: TB requires long-term combination therapy to
prevent resistance.
8. Which HIV drug class prevents viral entry into CD4 cells?
A. NRTIs
B. Protease inhibitors
C. Fusion inhibitors
D. Integrase inhibitors
Answer: C. Fusion inhibitors
Rationale: Fusion inhibitors block HIV from entering host cells.
9. Which laboratory value is most important for a patient
taking zidovudine (AZT)?
A. WBC count
B. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
C. Calcium level
D. Amylase
Answer: B. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Rationale: Zidovudine can cause bone marrow suppression
leading to anemia.
