NSG 3130 Exam 4 – Fundamental Concepts
and Skills for Nursing Practice II 2026/2027
Questions and Answers || 100% verified
Answers || A+ Graded || NSG 3130 Exam 4
SECTION 1: OXYGENATION CONCEPTS
1. When assessing a patient's oxygenation status, which vital sign should the nurse
monitor and what is considered abnormal?
A. Blood pressure; <90/60 mmHg is abnormal
B. Respiratory rate; a rate outside 12-20 breaths per minute may indicate a problem
C. Temperature; >100.4°F is abnormal
D. Heart rate; >100 bpm is abnormal
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Respiratory rate is the primary vital sign for assessing oxygenation status. A
rate of 12-20 breaths per minute is normal for adults; deviations may indicate oxygenation
problems. The gold standard lab test for assessing gas exchange is the arterial blood gas
(ABG) .
2. What is the primary purpose of an incentive spirometer?
A. To deliver high-flow oxygen to the patient
B. To prevent atelectasis by encouraging deep breathing
C. To monitor oxygen saturation levels
D. To administer aerosolized medications
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Incentive spirometry helps prevent atelectasis (collapse of alveoli) by
encouraging patients to take deep breaths. Patients should be instructed to inhale slowly
and deeply, hold the breath for 3-5 seconds, and exhale normally. The device should be
used 10 times per hour while awake .
3. Which oxygen delivery device delivers the most precise oxygen concentration?
,A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Non-rebreather mask
*Correct Answer: C *
Explanation: The Venturi mask provides the most precise oxygen concentration because it
uses a color-coded adapter that mixes oxygen with a specific amount of room air. This is
particularly important for patients with COPD who are at risk for CO2 retention .
4. What is the correct flow rate and oxygen percentage for a non-rebreather mask?
A. 2-6 L/min; 24-44%
B. 6-10 L/min; 35-60%
C. 10-15 L/min; 60-100%
D. 8-12 L/min; 40-60%
*Correct Answer: C *
Explanation: A non-rebreather mask delivers the highest concentration of oxygen (60-100%)
at flow rates of 10-15 L/min. The reservoir bag must be kept inflated to at least 1/3 to 1/2 full
to ensure the patient is receiving oxygen rather than rebreathing CO2 .
5. What should the nurse do if a patient is receiving 4 L/min of oxygen and has an O2
saturation of 88%?
A. Increase the oxygen flow rate immediately
B. Place the head of the bed in semi-Fowler's position
C. Apply a non-rebreather mask
D. Notify the healthcare provider immediately
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: An O2 saturation of 88% indicates hypoxemia. The nurse should first place the
patient in semi-Fowler's position to optimize lung expansion. This intervention, along with
other positioning changes, may improve oxygenation before escalating therapy .
6. What are classic signs and symptoms of COPD? (Select all that apply)
A. Clubbing of fingers
B. Barrel chest
C. Pursed-lip breathing
,D. Elevated CO2 levels in CBC
E. Inability to sleep flat
*Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E *
Explanation: COPD is characterized by chronic airflow limitation. Common findings include
clubbing of fingers (chronic hypoxemia), barrel chest (hyperinflation), pursed-lip breathing
(prolonged expiration), elevated CO2 levels, and orthopnea (inability to sleep flat) .
7. The nurse is caring for a patient with hypercapnia. Which oxygen delivery device
should the nurse use?
A. Simple face mask
B. Non-rebreather mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Nasal cannula
*Correct Answer: C *
Explanation: Hypercapnia (elevated CO2 in the blood) requires precise oxygen delivery to
avoid suppressing the respiratory drive. The Venturi mask delivers the most precise oxygen
concentration and is the preferred device for patients with COPD and hypercapnia .
8. What are the flow rates and corresponding oxygen percentages for a nasal
cannula?
A. 1 L/min = 20%, 2 L/min = 24%, 3 L/min = 28%
B. 1 L/min = 24%, 2 L/min = 28%, 3 L/min = 32%, 4 L/min = 36%, 5 L/min = 40%, 6 L/min
= 44%
C. 1 L/min = 30%, 2 L/min = 35%, 3 L/min = 40%
D. 1 L/min = 25%, 2 L/min = 30%, 3 L/min = 35%
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Nasal cannula flow rates and approximate FiO2 percentages: 1 L/min = 24%, 2
L/min = 28%, 3 L/min = 32%, 4 L/min = 36%, 5 L/min = 40%, 6 L/min = 44%. For higher
oxygen needs, a mask should be used .
9. What is the maximum flow rate for a nasal cannula?
A. 4 L/min
B. 6 L/min
, C. 8 L/min
D. 10 L/min
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: The maximum flow rate for a nasal cannula is 6 L/min. Higher flow rates can
cause mucosal drying and are uncomfortable for the patient. For oxygen needs above 44%,
a mask should be used .
10. What is the correct oxygen delivery device and percentage for a coding patient
requiring ventilation?
A. Non-rebreather mask; 60-100%
B. Bag-valve mask; 50-100%
C. Venturi mask; 24-50%
D. Simple face mask; 40-60%
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: During a code or respiratory arrest, the bag-valve mask (BVM) is used to
deliver 50-100% oxygen and provide positive pressure ventilation. It is the preferred device
for emergency ventilation .
11. A patient is ordered postural drainage therapy. What is the primary purpose of
this treatment?
A. To deliver oxygen to specific lung segments
B. To mobilize and remove secretions from the lungs
C. To prevent atelectasis
D. To deliver aerosolized medications
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Postural drainage therapy uses gravity to help mobilize and remove secretions
from different lung segments. Important nursing considerations include monitoring for
complications such as increased intracranial pressure, bronchospasms, and decreased
blood pressure .
12. What complications should the nurse monitor for during postural drainage
therapy? (Select all that apply)
A. Increased intracranial pressure
B. Bronchospasms
and Skills for Nursing Practice II 2026/2027
Questions and Answers || 100% verified
Answers || A+ Graded || NSG 3130 Exam 4
SECTION 1: OXYGENATION CONCEPTS
1. When assessing a patient's oxygenation status, which vital sign should the nurse
monitor and what is considered abnormal?
A. Blood pressure; <90/60 mmHg is abnormal
B. Respiratory rate; a rate outside 12-20 breaths per minute may indicate a problem
C. Temperature; >100.4°F is abnormal
D. Heart rate; >100 bpm is abnormal
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Respiratory rate is the primary vital sign for assessing oxygenation status. A
rate of 12-20 breaths per minute is normal for adults; deviations may indicate oxygenation
problems. The gold standard lab test for assessing gas exchange is the arterial blood gas
(ABG) .
2. What is the primary purpose of an incentive spirometer?
A. To deliver high-flow oxygen to the patient
B. To prevent atelectasis by encouraging deep breathing
C. To monitor oxygen saturation levels
D. To administer aerosolized medications
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Incentive spirometry helps prevent atelectasis (collapse of alveoli) by
encouraging patients to take deep breaths. Patients should be instructed to inhale slowly
and deeply, hold the breath for 3-5 seconds, and exhale normally. The device should be
used 10 times per hour while awake .
3. Which oxygen delivery device delivers the most precise oxygen concentration?
,A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Non-rebreather mask
*Correct Answer: C *
Explanation: The Venturi mask provides the most precise oxygen concentration because it
uses a color-coded adapter that mixes oxygen with a specific amount of room air. This is
particularly important for patients with COPD who are at risk for CO2 retention .
4. What is the correct flow rate and oxygen percentage for a non-rebreather mask?
A. 2-6 L/min; 24-44%
B. 6-10 L/min; 35-60%
C. 10-15 L/min; 60-100%
D. 8-12 L/min; 40-60%
*Correct Answer: C *
Explanation: A non-rebreather mask delivers the highest concentration of oxygen (60-100%)
at flow rates of 10-15 L/min. The reservoir bag must be kept inflated to at least 1/3 to 1/2 full
to ensure the patient is receiving oxygen rather than rebreathing CO2 .
5. What should the nurse do if a patient is receiving 4 L/min of oxygen and has an O2
saturation of 88%?
A. Increase the oxygen flow rate immediately
B. Place the head of the bed in semi-Fowler's position
C. Apply a non-rebreather mask
D. Notify the healthcare provider immediately
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: An O2 saturation of 88% indicates hypoxemia. The nurse should first place the
patient in semi-Fowler's position to optimize lung expansion. This intervention, along with
other positioning changes, may improve oxygenation before escalating therapy .
6. What are classic signs and symptoms of COPD? (Select all that apply)
A. Clubbing of fingers
B. Barrel chest
C. Pursed-lip breathing
,D. Elevated CO2 levels in CBC
E. Inability to sleep flat
*Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E *
Explanation: COPD is characterized by chronic airflow limitation. Common findings include
clubbing of fingers (chronic hypoxemia), barrel chest (hyperinflation), pursed-lip breathing
(prolonged expiration), elevated CO2 levels, and orthopnea (inability to sleep flat) .
7. The nurse is caring for a patient with hypercapnia. Which oxygen delivery device
should the nurse use?
A. Simple face mask
B. Non-rebreather mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Nasal cannula
*Correct Answer: C *
Explanation: Hypercapnia (elevated CO2 in the blood) requires precise oxygen delivery to
avoid suppressing the respiratory drive. The Venturi mask delivers the most precise oxygen
concentration and is the preferred device for patients with COPD and hypercapnia .
8. What are the flow rates and corresponding oxygen percentages for a nasal
cannula?
A. 1 L/min = 20%, 2 L/min = 24%, 3 L/min = 28%
B. 1 L/min = 24%, 2 L/min = 28%, 3 L/min = 32%, 4 L/min = 36%, 5 L/min = 40%, 6 L/min
= 44%
C. 1 L/min = 30%, 2 L/min = 35%, 3 L/min = 40%
D. 1 L/min = 25%, 2 L/min = 30%, 3 L/min = 35%
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Nasal cannula flow rates and approximate FiO2 percentages: 1 L/min = 24%, 2
L/min = 28%, 3 L/min = 32%, 4 L/min = 36%, 5 L/min = 40%, 6 L/min = 44%. For higher
oxygen needs, a mask should be used .
9. What is the maximum flow rate for a nasal cannula?
A. 4 L/min
B. 6 L/min
, C. 8 L/min
D. 10 L/min
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: The maximum flow rate for a nasal cannula is 6 L/min. Higher flow rates can
cause mucosal drying and are uncomfortable for the patient. For oxygen needs above 44%,
a mask should be used .
10. What is the correct oxygen delivery device and percentage for a coding patient
requiring ventilation?
A. Non-rebreather mask; 60-100%
B. Bag-valve mask; 50-100%
C. Venturi mask; 24-50%
D. Simple face mask; 40-60%
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: During a code or respiratory arrest, the bag-valve mask (BVM) is used to
deliver 50-100% oxygen and provide positive pressure ventilation. It is the preferred device
for emergency ventilation .
11. A patient is ordered postural drainage therapy. What is the primary purpose of
this treatment?
A. To deliver oxygen to specific lung segments
B. To mobilize and remove secretions from the lungs
C. To prevent atelectasis
D. To deliver aerosolized medications
*Correct Answer: B *
Explanation: Postural drainage therapy uses gravity to help mobilize and remove secretions
from different lung segments. Important nursing considerations include monitoring for
complications such as increased intracranial pressure, bronchospasms, and decreased
blood pressure .
12. What complications should the nurse monitor for during postural drainage
therapy? (Select all that apply)
A. Increased intracranial pressure
B. Bronchospasms
