NSG 3600 Exam 3 – Children's Health Guide Actual
2026/2027 with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified |
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SECTION 1: Growth & Development (Infant through Adolescent)
(Questions 1–12)
Q1: According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, which developmental crisis is the
primary focus during the toddler stage (1–3 years)?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt [CORRECT]
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson identified autonomy vs. shame and doubt as the
central psychosocial crisis of toddlerhood, during which children develop
independence through exploration and self-control.
Q2: A 6-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. Which
developmental milestone is most appropriate for this age?
A. Walking independently
B. Sitting with support and transferring objects between hands [CORRECT]
C. Drawing a circle
D. Tying shoelaces
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because by 6 months, infants typically sit with support, reach for
and grasp objects, and transfer items between hands; walking and complex fine
motor skills develop much later.
Q3: According to Piaget's cognitive development theory, which stage is characterized
by the ability to think logically about concrete events and understand conservation?
A. Sensorimotor stage
,B. Preoperational stage
C. Concrete operational stage [CORRECT]
D. Formal operational stage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because the concrete operational stage (ages 7–11) is marked by
logical thinking about concrete objects, understanding of conservation, and
decreased egocentrism.
Q4: Which characteristic is most typical of the school-age child (6–12 years)
according to Erikson's stages?
A. Developing a sense of initiative through play
B. Developing a sense of industry through mastery of tasks and schoolwork
[CORRECT]
C. Developing intimate relationships with peers
D. Exploring personal identity and values
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson's industry vs. inferiority stage centers on the
school-age child's need to achieve competence through productive activities,
academic success, and peer relationships.
Q5: An adolescent patient is struggling with identity formation and experimenting
with different roles and values. According to Erikson, this behavior is consistent with
which developmental crisis?
A. Intimacy vs. Isolation
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion [CORRECT]
C. Generativity vs. Stagnation
D. Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson identified identity vs. role confusion as the
central crisis of adolescence, during which teens explore self-concept, values, and
future goals.
Q6: Which reflex is expected to disappear by 4–6 months of age in a healthy infant?
A. Rooting reflex
B. Moro (startle) reflex [CORRECT]
C. Sucking reflex
D. Palmar grasp reflex
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Correct because the Moro reflex typically disappears by 4–6 months of
age; persistence beyond this timeframe may indicate neurological dysfunction and
requires further evaluation.
Q7: A preschooler (3–5 years) is observed engaging in imaginative play with dolls
and pretending to be a superhero. According to Piaget, this type of play
demonstrates:
A. Concrete operational thought
B. Preoperational thought with symbolic function [CORRECT]
C. Sensorimotor exploration
D. Formal operational reasoning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because preoperational children (2–7 years) engage in symbolic
play, using objects to represent other things and engaging in imaginative scenarios
that reflect their cognitive stage.
Q8: Which assessment finding in a 12-month-old infant would be most concerning
and require further evaluation?
A. Pulling to stand and cruising along furniture
B. Saying "mama" and "dada" with meaning
C. Not yet waving bye-bye or pointing to objects [CORRECT]
D. Using a pincer grasp to pick up small objects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because waving and pointing are social-communication
milestones expected by 12 months; their absence may indicate a developmental
delay in social communication or autism spectrum concern.
Q9: Which nutritional requirement increases significantly during adolescence due to
rapid growth and bone development?
A. Vitamin C
B. Calcium and vitamin D [CORRECT]
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because the adolescent growth spurt requires increased calcium
and vitamin D intake to support peak bone mass accrual and prevent future
osteoporosis risk.
2026/2027 with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified |
Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: Growth & Development (Infant through Adolescent)
(Questions 1–12)
Q1: According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, which developmental crisis is the
primary focus during the toddler stage (1–3 years)?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt [CORRECT]
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson identified autonomy vs. shame and doubt as the
central psychosocial crisis of toddlerhood, during which children develop
independence through exploration and self-control.
Q2: A 6-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. Which
developmental milestone is most appropriate for this age?
A. Walking independently
B. Sitting with support and transferring objects between hands [CORRECT]
C. Drawing a circle
D. Tying shoelaces
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because by 6 months, infants typically sit with support, reach for
and grasp objects, and transfer items between hands; walking and complex fine
motor skills develop much later.
Q3: According to Piaget's cognitive development theory, which stage is characterized
by the ability to think logically about concrete events and understand conservation?
A. Sensorimotor stage
,B. Preoperational stage
C. Concrete operational stage [CORRECT]
D. Formal operational stage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because the concrete operational stage (ages 7–11) is marked by
logical thinking about concrete objects, understanding of conservation, and
decreased egocentrism.
Q4: Which characteristic is most typical of the school-age child (6–12 years)
according to Erikson's stages?
A. Developing a sense of initiative through play
B. Developing a sense of industry through mastery of tasks and schoolwork
[CORRECT]
C. Developing intimate relationships with peers
D. Exploring personal identity and values
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson's industry vs. inferiority stage centers on the
school-age child's need to achieve competence through productive activities,
academic success, and peer relationships.
Q5: An adolescent patient is struggling with identity formation and experimenting
with different roles and values. According to Erikson, this behavior is consistent with
which developmental crisis?
A. Intimacy vs. Isolation
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion [CORRECT]
C. Generativity vs. Stagnation
D. Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson identified identity vs. role confusion as the
central crisis of adolescence, during which teens explore self-concept, values, and
future goals.
Q6: Which reflex is expected to disappear by 4–6 months of age in a healthy infant?
A. Rooting reflex
B. Moro (startle) reflex [CORRECT]
C. Sucking reflex
D. Palmar grasp reflex
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Correct because the Moro reflex typically disappears by 4–6 months of
age; persistence beyond this timeframe may indicate neurological dysfunction and
requires further evaluation.
Q7: A preschooler (3–5 years) is observed engaging in imaginative play with dolls
and pretending to be a superhero. According to Piaget, this type of play
demonstrates:
A. Concrete operational thought
B. Preoperational thought with symbolic function [CORRECT]
C. Sensorimotor exploration
D. Formal operational reasoning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because preoperational children (2–7 years) engage in symbolic
play, using objects to represent other things and engaging in imaginative scenarios
that reflect their cognitive stage.
Q8: Which assessment finding in a 12-month-old infant would be most concerning
and require further evaluation?
A. Pulling to stand and cruising along furniture
B. Saying "mama" and "dada" with meaning
C. Not yet waving bye-bye or pointing to objects [CORRECT]
D. Using a pincer grasp to pick up small objects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because waving and pointing are social-communication
milestones expected by 12 months; their absence may indicate a developmental
delay in social communication or autism spectrum concern.
Q9: Which nutritional requirement increases significantly during adolescence due to
rapid growth and bone development?
A. Vitamin C
B. Calcium and vitamin D [CORRECT]
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because the adolescent growth spurt requires increased calcium
and vitamin D intake to support peak bone mass accrual and prevent future
osteoporosis risk.
