N518 Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions
With Accurate Answers
what type of patient safety event is significant risk to patient safety that has
potential to cause death, permeate or severe temporary harm? - ANSWER
sentinel event
what type of patient safety event has no harm, caught before it occurred, but
situation was serious and had potential to cause harm? - ANSWER near miss
event
incident reports - ANSWER nurses are bound legally and ethically to report
patient safety events
(used as learning events, and not for punitive measures)
what are some factors associated with medication errors? - ANSWER -
inadequate patient assessment (physical and history)
- inaccurate prescribing
- errors in administration
what are the 10 rights for safe medication administration? - ANSWER - right
client
- right medication
- right dose
- right time
- right route
- right documentation
- right client education
- right to refuse
- right assessment
- right evaluation
what are the parts of complete medication order? - ANSWER - client's full name
- date and time of prescription
- name of medication (generic or brand name)
- strength and dosage of medication (always verify)
- time and frequency: routine, single time order, stat order, PRN order
- quantity to dispense and number of refills
- signature of prescribing provider
, when is medication reconciliation important? - ANSWER - at admission, transfer,
or discharge for acute care
- every home visit
- every clinic visit
what is the study of what the body does to the drug? - ANSWER
pharmacokinetics
- passing from one tract into blood stream via capillaries then transported into
interstitial fluids to target cells
what are the different routes that drugs enter the body? - ANSWER - oral or
enteral (takes longer)
- sublingual (quickest route)
- topical
- optical
- otic instillation
- suppository (rectal, vaginal)
- inhalation
- parental
what are the phases of pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER - absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion
what is the length of time it takes a drug from administration to produce its
effect? - ANSWER absorption
rapid absorption = - ANSWER rapid onset of action
factors that influence absorption - ANSWER - route of administration
- drug concentration and dose
- drug ionization
- drug to drug interactions (some drugs affect absorption)
what is the movement of drugs through the body after absorption into blood
stream? - ANSWER distribution
factors that influence distribution of drugs through the body - ANSWER - blood
flow to tissue: areas with higher blood flow receive higher concentration of
drugs (heart, liver, kidneys) while areas of lower blood flow receive lower
concentration (skin, bone, adipose). blood flow may be disrupted by trauma or
any reason that reduces perfusion to an area
- drug solubility: lipid soluble drugs are more easily distributed because they
generally are not inhibited by barriers, as are water soluble drugs
With Accurate Answers
what type of patient safety event is significant risk to patient safety that has
potential to cause death, permeate or severe temporary harm? - ANSWER
sentinel event
what type of patient safety event has no harm, caught before it occurred, but
situation was serious and had potential to cause harm? - ANSWER near miss
event
incident reports - ANSWER nurses are bound legally and ethically to report
patient safety events
(used as learning events, and not for punitive measures)
what are some factors associated with medication errors? - ANSWER -
inadequate patient assessment (physical and history)
- inaccurate prescribing
- errors in administration
what are the 10 rights for safe medication administration? - ANSWER - right
client
- right medication
- right dose
- right time
- right route
- right documentation
- right client education
- right to refuse
- right assessment
- right evaluation
what are the parts of complete medication order? - ANSWER - client's full name
- date and time of prescription
- name of medication (generic or brand name)
- strength and dosage of medication (always verify)
- time and frequency: routine, single time order, stat order, PRN order
- quantity to dispense and number of refills
- signature of prescribing provider
, when is medication reconciliation important? - ANSWER - at admission, transfer,
or discharge for acute care
- every home visit
- every clinic visit
what is the study of what the body does to the drug? - ANSWER
pharmacokinetics
- passing from one tract into blood stream via capillaries then transported into
interstitial fluids to target cells
what are the different routes that drugs enter the body? - ANSWER - oral or
enteral (takes longer)
- sublingual (quickest route)
- topical
- optical
- otic instillation
- suppository (rectal, vaginal)
- inhalation
- parental
what are the phases of pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER - absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion
what is the length of time it takes a drug from administration to produce its
effect? - ANSWER absorption
rapid absorption = - ANSWER rapid onset of action
factors that influence absorption - ANSWER - route of administration
- drug concentration and dose
- drug ionization
- drug to drug interactions (some drugs affect absorption)
what is the movement of drugs through the body after absorption into blood
stream? - ANSWER distribution
factors that influence distribution of drugs through the body - ANSWER - blood
flow to tissue: areas with higher blood flow receive higher concentration of
drugs (heart, liver, kidneys) while areas of lower blood flow receive lower
concentration (skin, bone, adipose). blood flow may be disrupted by trauma or
any reason that reduces perfusion to an area
- drug solubility: lipid soluble drugs are more easily distributed because they
generally are not inhibited by barriers, as are water soluble drugs
