KATZUNG'S BASIC AND
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TODD W.
VANDERAH
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is explaining why a medication can produce both
therapeutic effects and adverse effects. Which statement by the
nurse best describes this concept?
A. Drugs interact only with diseased tissues and not with
healthy tissues.
B. Drugs produce effects by interacting with biologic targets,
and desired and undesired effects may occur simultaneously.
C. All adverse effects occur because the medication was
administered incorrectly.
D. Therapeutic effects occur only when a drug completely
eliminates disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Drugs act by interacting with biologic targets such as receptors,
enzymes, ion channels, or transport proteins. Because these
targets may also exist in healthy tissues, medications can
produce both intended therapeutic effects and unintended
adverse effects. Option A is incorrect because many drugs affect
both healthy and diseased tissues. Option C is incorrect because
adverse effects can occur even when medications are
administered correctly. Option D is incorrect because many
,medications control symptoms or modify disease rather than
eliminate it.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client enrolled in a clinical trial of a new
medication. Which participant safety measure is most
important before the client receives the investigational drug?
A. Obtaining informed consent
B. Ensuring the client has private insurance
C. Requiring the client to discontinue all current medications
D. Scheduling daily radiographic imaging
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Informed consent is an essential ethical and legal requirement
before participation in research. Participants must understand
the study purpose, potential risks, possible benefits, and their
right to withdraw. Option B is unrelated to research
participation. Option C is not routinely required because
medication management depends on the study protocol.
Option D is unnecessary unless specifically indicated by the
research design.
Question 3
, A nurse reviews a medication order for a newly approved drug.
Which post-marketing activity most directly helps identify rare
adverse effects not detected during preapproval studies?
A. Routine hospital accreditation surveys
B. Voluntary and mandatory adverse event reporting systems
C. Manufacturing quality inspections alone
D. Annual nursing competency evaluations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Rare adverse effects often become apparent only after
widespread use in larger populations. Post-marketing
surveillance relies on adverse event reporting and ongoing
safety monitoring to detect uncommon toxicities. Option A
evaluates healthcare organizations rather than medication
safety. Option C helps ensure manufacturing quality but does
not identify rare clinical effects. Option D evaluates staff
competence, not drug safety.
Question 4
A client asks why two different brands of the same medication
are considered interchangeable. Which explanation by the
nurse is most accurate?
A. They contain identical inactive ingredients.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TODD W.
VANDERAH
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is explaining why a medication can produce both
therapeutic effects and adverse effects. Which statement by the
nurse best describes this concept?
A. Drugs interact only with diseased tissues and not with
healthy tissues.
B. Drugs produce effects by interacting with biologic targets,
and desired and undesired effects may occur simultaneously.
C. All adverse effects occur because the medication was
administered incorrectly.
D. Therapeutic effects occur only when a drug completely
eliminates disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Drugs act by interacting with biologic targets such as receptors,
enzymes, ion channels, or transport proteins. Because these
targets may also exist in healthy tissues, medications can
produce both intended therapeutic effects and unintended
adverse effects. Option A is incorrect because many drugs affect
both healthy and diseased tissues. Option C is incorrect because
adverse effects can occur even when medications are
administered correctly. Option D is incorrect because many
,medications control symptoms or modify disease rather than
eliminate it.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client enrolled in a clinical trial of a new
medication. Which participant safety measure is most
important before the client receives the investigational drug?
A. Obtaining informed consent
B. Ensuring the client has private insurance
C. Requiring the client to discontinue all current medications
D. Scheduling daily radiographic imaging
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Informed consent is an essential ethical and legal requirement
before participation in research. Participants must understand
the study purpose, potential risks, possible benefits, and their
right to withdraw. Option B is unrelated to research
participation. Option C is not routinely required because
medication management depends on the study protocol.
Option D is unnecessary unless specifically indicated by the
research design.
Question 3
, A nurse reviews a medication order for a newly approved drug.
Which post-marketing activity most directly helps identify rare
adverse effects not detected during preapproval studies?
A. Routine hospital accreditation surveys
B. Voluntary and mandatory adverse event reporting systems
C. Manufacturing quality inspections alone
D. Annual nursing competency evaluations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Rare adverse effects often become apparent only after
widespread use in larger populations. Post-marketing
surveillance relies on adverse event reporting and ongoing
safety monitoring to detect uncommon toxicities. Option A
evaluates healthcare organizations rather than medication
safety. Option C helps ensure manufacturing quality but does
not identify rare clinical effects. Option D evaluates staff
competence, not drug safety.
Question 4
A client asks why two different brands of the same medication
are considered interchangeable. Which explanation by the
nurse is most accurate?
A. They contain identical inactive ingredients.
