Page 1 of 23
NUR 111
Fundamentals of Nursing Care and Core
Pathophysiology
Download now
Johns Hopkins University
HIGH YIELDS QUESTIONS
NEWEST MODEL 2026 EXAM LATEST
VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Exam
, Page 2 of 23
NUR 111 Final Exam Review
A client is prescribed cardiac rehabilitation and asks why it is necessary.
Which response by the nurse expresses the goals of this program?
A. "As you go through cardiac rehabilitation, you will gradually regenerate
cardiac muscle tissue that will improve your heart function."
B. "Because you have had a cardiac injury, this program will provide the
opportunity for your heart to reach optimal function."
C. "You have been diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) and this
program will help improve the amount of blood and oxygen distributed to your
muscles."
D. "Your blood pressure is elevated and this program will help to decrease
your blood pressure and reduce your risk of having a heart attack."
B. "Because you have had a cardiac injury, this program will provide the opportunity
for your heart to reach optimal function."
Rationale: Cardiac rehabilitation is a medically supervised program of exercise and
lifestyle modification that aids people who have had a cardiac injury due to
myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, heart surgery, or interventional cardiology to
maintain optimal cardiac function in the remaining heart tissue. Cardiac rehabilitation
is recommended for anyone who has had a heart attack, and it can help individuals
resume a high quality of life after cardiac injury.
A client who has been diagnosed with new onset atrial fibrillation has been
prescribed warfarin, an anticoagulant. Which statement of instruction should
the nurse provide?
A. "It is recommended that you avoid eating foods high in protein."
B. "You should shave with an electric razor."
C. "Take an additional warfarin if you heart rate increases."
D. "Do not take warfarin if your pulse is below 65."
B. "You should shave with an electric razor."
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent the formation of clots in
clients with atrial fibrillation. Clients who take warfarin should be on bleeding
precautions, because the ability of their blood to form clots is compromised. Clients
should be instructed to shave with an electric razor and avoid working with sharp
objects. Clients should notify the technician prior to having blood drawn.
Which is an effective nonpharmacologic therapy for impaired perfusion in the
lower extremities?
A. Compression stockings
B. Sitting with both feet on the floor
C. Orthopedic shoes
D. Ventricular assist device
, Page 3 of 23
A. Compression stockings
Rationale: Impaired perfusion in the lower extremities is often treated with
compression stockings. Compression stockings are worn to prevent pooling of blood
in the veins of the lower extremities. Blood can pool when venous blood return is not
efficient. The collected blood can form clots that can dislodge and travel to the lungs,
resulting in pulmonary embolism, or to the brain, resulting in stroke.
The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). Which
medication should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe to rid
the client's body of excess fluids and reduce edema?
A. Anticoagulant
B. Beta blocker
C. Diuretic
D. Calcium channel blocker
C. Diuretic
Rationale: Diuretics pull fluids from the extravascular spaces into the blood vessels,
where excess fluid is then filtered and eliminated through the urinary system.
Diuretics are often given to clients with CHF to prevent the collection of fluid in the
lungs. A client with CHF can develop difficulty breathing if fluid builds up around the
lungs as a result of edema. Diuretics should be used with caution to prevent too
much fluid loss. Anticoagulants are used to prevent clot extension and lower the risk
of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Calcium channel
blockers (CCBs) decrease automaticity and AV nodal conduction. Beta blockers
decrease heart rate and myocardial contractility.
The nurse is caring for a client who was diagnosed with dementia. Which
client behavior supports this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
A. Anomia
B. Anorexia
C. Akathisia
D. Dysphagia
E. Carphologia
A. Anomia
E. Carphologia
Rationale: Carphologia (obsessive lint picking) and anomia (difficulty naming things
and people) are disturbances that may be part of dementia. Anorexia is an eating
disorder. Akathisia (restlessness) and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) are
symptoms associated with antipsychotic medication use.
The nurse is providing care for a pregnant woman and the husband who just
learned that their baby may have Down syndrome. The couple asks the nurse
what this condition means. Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate?
A. "This condition occurs because of extra genetic material in chromosome
21."
B. "This condition occurs as a result of a traumatic head injury."
NUR 111
Fundamentals of Nursing Care and Core
Pathophysiology
Download now
Johns Hopkins University
HIGH YIELDS QUESTIONS
NEWEST MODEL 2026 EXAM LATEST
VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Exam
, Page 2 of 23
NUR 111 Final Exam Review
A client is prescribed cardiac rehabilitation and asks why it is necessary.
Which response by the nurse expresses the goals of this program?
A. "As you go through cardiac rehabilitation, you will gradually regenerate
cardiac muscle tissue that will improve your heart function."
B. "Because you have had a cardiac injury, this program will provide the
opportunity for your heart to reach optimal function."
C. "You have been diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) and this
program will help improve the amount of blood and oxygen distributed to your
muscles."
D. "Your blood pressure is elevated and this program will help to decrease
your blood pressure and reduce your risk of having a heart attack."
B. "Because you have had a cardiac injury, this program will provide the opportunity
for your heart to reach optimal function."
Rationale: Cardiac rehabilitation is a medically supervised program of exercise and
lifestyle modification that aids people who have had a cardiac injury due to
myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, heart surgery, or interventional cardiology to
maintain optimal cardiac function in the remaining heart tissue. Cardiac rehabilitation
is recommended for anyone who has had a heart attack, and it can help individuals
resume a high quality of life after cardiac injury.
A client who has been diagnosed with new onset atrial fibrillation has been
prescribed warfarin, an anticoagulant. Which statement of instruction should
the nurse provide?
A. "It is recommended that you avoid eating foods high in protein."
B. "You should shave with an electric razor."
C. "Take an additional warfarin if you heart rate increases."
D. "Do not take warfarin if your pulse is below 65."
B. "You should shave with an electric razor."
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent the formation of clots in
clients with atrial fibrillation. Clients who take warfarin should be on bleeding
precautions, because the ability of their blood to form clots is compromised. Clients
should be instructed to shave with an electric razor and avoid working with sharp
objects. Clients should notify the technician prior to having blood drawn.
Which is an effective nonpharmacologic therapy for impaired perfusion in the
lower extremities?
A. Compression stockings
B. Sitting with both feet on the floor
C. Orthopedic shoes
D. Ventricular assist device
, Page 3 of 23
A. Compression stockings
Rationale: Impaired perfusion in the lower extremities is often treated with
compression stockings. Compression stockings are worn to prevent pooling of blood
in the veins of the lower extremities. Blood can pool when venous blood return is not
efficient. The collected blood can form clots that can dislodge and travel to the lungs,
resulting in pulmonary embolism, or to the brain, resulting in stroke.
The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). Which
medication should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe to rid
the client's body of excess fluids and reduce edema?
A. Anticoagulant
B. Beta blocker
C. Diuretic
D. Calcium channel blocker
C. Diuretic
Rationale: Diuretics pull fluids from the extravascular spaces into the blood vessels,
where excess fluid is then filtered and eliminated through the urinary system.
Diuretics are often given to clients with CHF to prevent the collection of fluid in the
lungs. A client with CHF can develop difficulty breathing if fluid builds up around the
lungs as a result of edema. Diuretics should be used with caution to prevent too
much fluid loss. Anticoagulants are used to prevent clot extension and lower the risk
of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Calcium channel
blockers (CCBs) decrease automaticity and AV nodal conduction. Beta blockers
decrease heart rate and myocardial contractility.
The nurse is caring for a client who was diagnosed with dementia. Which
client behavior supports this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
A. Anomia
B. Anorexia
C. Akathisia
D. Dysphagia
E. Carphologia
A. Anomia
E. Carphologia
Rationale: Carphologia (obsessive lint picking) and anomia (difficulty naming things
and people) are disturbances that may be part of dementia. Anorexia is an eating
disorder. Akathisia (restlessness) and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) are
symptoms associated with antipsychotic medication use.
The nurse is providing care for a pregnant woman and the husband who just
learned that their baby may have Down syndrome. The couple asks the nurse
what this condition means. Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate?
A. "This condition occurs because of extra genetic material in chromosome
21."
B. "This condition occurs as a result of a traumatic head injury."
