BIO 253 FINAL EXAM CLOSING SCRIPT
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VIEW AHEAD PREP MATERIAL SOLVED
⩥ Organs of the Urinary system.
Answer: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
⩥ draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex, Medulla,
Pelvis, renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nephron.
Answer:
⩥ functional unit of the kidney.
Answer: nephron
1 million per kidney!
⩥ What parts make up the nephron?.
Answer: Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
,⩥ What is the glomerulus made of?.
Answer: capillaries
⩥ Function of a nephron.
Answer: filter blood and produce urine
⩥ Two nephron types.
Answer: juxtamedullary and cortical
⩥ juxtamedullary nephrons.
Answer: -Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
⩥ cortical nephrons.
Answer: -85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillaries around PCT and
DCT
,⩥ How is urine made in the kidney?.
Answer: 1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule into the
blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
⩥ driving force for filtration.
Answer: hydrostatic pressure or BP
⩥ What fluid comes out of the glomerulus?.
Answer: filtrate
⩥ What is filtrate?.
Answer: mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products.
Glucose is normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
⩥ Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop.
Answer: Only water is absorbed in the descending limb. Na+ chloride is
absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).
⩥ Status of water coming out of nephron loop?.
, Answer: @ Lowest concentration (diluted)
⩥ Process taking place in nephron loop?.
Answer: Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can also create
concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed in the ascending limb.
⩥ tubular secretion.
Answer: -selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal
tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
⩥ Hormones that regulate kidney function.
Answer: directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VIEW AHEAD PREP MATERIAL SOLVED
⩥ Organs of the Urinary system.
Answer: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
⩥ draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex, Medulla,
Pelvis, renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nephron.
Answer:
⩥ functional unit of the kidney.
Answer: nephron
1 million per kidney!
⩥ What parts make up the nephron?.
Answer: Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
,⩥ What is the glomerulus made of?.
Answer: capillaries
⩥ Function of a nephron.
Answer: filter blood and produce urine
⩥ Two nephron types.
Answer: juxtamedullary and cortical
⩥ juxtamedullary nephrons.
Answer: -Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
⩥ cortical nephrons.
Answer: -85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillaries around PCT and
DCT
,⩥ How is urine made in the kidney?.
Answer: 1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule into the
blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
⩥ driving force for filtration.
Answer: hydrostatic pressure or BP
⩥ What fluid comes out of the glomerulus?.
Answer: filtrate
⩥ What is filtrate?.
Answer: mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products.
Glucose is normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
⩥ Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop.
Answer: Only water is absorbed in the descending limb. Na+ chloride is
absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).
⩥ Status of water coming out of nephron loop?.
, Answer: @ Lowest concentration (diluted)
⩥ Process taking place in nephron loop?.
Answer: Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can also create
concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed in the ascending limb.
⩥ tubular secretion.
Answer: -selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal
tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
⩥ Hormones that regulate kidney function.
Answer: directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin
