Updated/Latest Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edition John E. Hall Michael E. Hall Test Bank Complete All Chapters Comprehensive Medical Physiology Resource Practice Questions Answers Rationales Clinical Applications System Physiology

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Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 14th
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Edition
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Chapter 01:Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the —Internal
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Environment‖
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Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE FT L




1. Which of the following statements about homeostasis is incorrect?
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a. It refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment for the body.
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b. Homeostatic mechanisms do not operate in diseases. FT L L
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c. Homeostasis requires integrated actions of the cells, tissues, organs, and multiple L
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nervous, hormonal, and local control systems. L
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d. Homeostatic compensations that begin after a major environmental challenge may FT L L
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contribute to abnormalities of body function. FT L FT L L
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ANS: F T L B

2. What is the most abundant type of cell in the human body?
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a. Neuron
b. Epithelial cell FT L



c. Red blood cell L
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d. White blood cell L
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e. Vascular smooth muscle cell L
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f. Skeletal muscle cell L
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ANS: F T L C

3. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that
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a. Protein, 30% FT L



b. Protein, 60% FT L



c. Water, 30% L
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d. Water, 60% L
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e. Carbohydrate, 30% FT L



f. Carbohydrate, 60% FT L




ANS: F T L D

4. If the feedback gain of a control system is
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a. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
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the system. FT L



b. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
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the system. FT L



c. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
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, the system. FT L



d. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
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the system. FT L



e. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
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the system. FT L



f. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
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the system. FT L




ANS: F T L B

5. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
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concentration ratio for most mammalian cells?
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a. Sodium ions FT L



b. Potassium ions FT L



c. Carbon dioxide L
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d. Glucose
e. Protein
ANS: F T L A

6. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs
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a. Arteries
b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
d. Venules
e. Veins
ANS: F T L C

7. What is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?
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a. Less than 50 angstroms L
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b. Less than 50 microns L
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c. Less than 50 millimeters L
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d. Less than 100 angstroms L
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e. Less than 100 microns L
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f. Less than 100 millimeters L
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ANS: F T L A

8. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to
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a. 1 second
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b. 1 minute
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c. 3 minutes
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d. 4 minutes
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e. 5 minutes
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ANS: F T L B

9. The type of control system that can sometimes cause instability and vicious cycles is
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, a. negative feedback. FT L



b. feed-forward control. L
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c. positive feedback. FT L



d. adaptive feedback. FT L



e. delayed negative feedback. L
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ANS: F T L C

10. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the body?
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a. Return of blood pressure toward normal after a hemorrhage L
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b. Generation of action potentials in nerves FT L L
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c. Increased respiration rate caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood FT L FT L FT L FT L L
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d. Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity that occurs in response to FT L FT L FT L FT L FT L L
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increased blood pressure L
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ANS: F T L B

11. Which of the following is an example of a —feed-forward‖ control system?
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a. The arterial baroreceptor system L
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b. The progressive nature of uterine contractions during childbirth
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c. Control of skeletal muscle movements by the brain FT L FT L FT L FTL FT L L
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d. Generation of an action potential L
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ANS: F T L C

12. Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
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Example 1: Arterial baroreceptor control of blood pressure
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Example 2: Excitation of the respiratory center by increased blood carbon dioxide
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concentration
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Example 3: Hemorrhagic shock caused by severe blood loss
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a. Example 1 only FT L L
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b. Example 2 only FT L L
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c. Example 3 only FT L L
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d. Examples 1 and 2, but not 3 FT L L
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e. Examples 1, 2, and 3 FT L FT L L
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ANS: F T L D


Chapter 02: The Cell and Its Functions
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Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE FT L




1. The most abundant cell membrane lipids are
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a. sphingolipids.
b. phospholipids.
c. cholesterol.
d. triglycerides.
e. sterols.

, ANS: F T L B

2. Organelles that neutralize drugs and toxins are L
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a. nuclei.
b. mitochondria.
c. lysosomes.
d. peroxisomes.
e. endoplasmic reticulum. FT L




ANS: F T L D

3. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in
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the synthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
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—Initiation of translation‖ FT L FT L



a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum FT L L
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d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum L
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e. Golgi apparatus L
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f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Cytosol
ANS: F T L H

4. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in
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the synthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
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—Protein sorting and packaging‖ FT L FT L FT L



a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum FT L L
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d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum L
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e. Golgi apparatus L
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f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Lysosomes
ANS: F T L E

5. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in
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the synthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
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—Gene transcription‖
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a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum FT L L
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d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum L
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e. Golgi apparatus L
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f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Lysosomes